{"id":55,"date":"2018-06-11T16:16:58","date_gmt":"2018-06-11T16:16:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/accessibilitytoolkit\/chapter\/multimedia\/"},"modified":"2024-01-12T22:00:51","modified_gmt":"2024-01-12T22:00:51","slug":"multimedia","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/accessibilitytoolkit\/chapter\/multimedia\/","title":{"rendered":"Multimedia"},"content":{"raw":"In this section, we provide recommendations to guide your inclusion of accessible multimedia content.\r\n<h1>What are multimedia?<\/h1>\r\nThe term multimedia refers to a variety of ways, or media, used to communicate information, such as\u00a0videos, audio,\u00a0animations, and slideshows.\r\n\r\n<strong>File types used<\/strong>: MP3, MP4, PPT\r\n<h1>What types of multimedia are you including?<\/h1>\r\nBefore you can determine what you need to do to make media accessible, you must understand what is required for different types of multimedia. Consider the following questions:\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Does your multimedia resource include audio narration or instructions? If so, you should:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>provide a complete <a title=\"Transcript of all speech content and relevant non-speech content\" href=\"#transcripts\">transcript<\/a>\u00a0of all speech content and relevant non-speech content in the resource<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Does your multimedia resource include audio that is synchronized with a video presentation? If so, you should:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>provide <a title=\"Captions of all speech content and relevant non-speech content\" href=\"#captions\">captions <\/a>of all speech content and relevant non-speech content in the resource<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<h1>Who are you doing this for?<\/h1>\r\nThis work supports students who:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Are deaf or hard of hearing<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Are blind or have low vision<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Have a form of\u00a0cognitive disability<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Are in a location where they cannot play or hear audio<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Are not native-English speakers and need written-word formats to support understanding<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n\r\n<h1>What do you need to do?<\/h1>\r\nMany types of multimedia present information in a non-text manner. For students unable to use the original version of these formats, providing text as a transcript, caption, or written description gives them access.\r\n<h1><a id=\"transcripts\"><\/a>Transcripts<\/h1>\r\nConsider what your students would get out of your multimedia resource if they were not able to hear the audio portion, or if they had difficulty understanding the spoken word. A text transcript provides students with equivalent information to the audio content in a multimedia resource.[footnote]\"Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0: Guideline 1.2,\"\u00a0<em>W3C<\/em>, http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/WCAG20\/#media-equiv (accessed April 17, 2018).[\/footnote]\r\n\r\nAs you work on developing a text transcript, keep in mind the following recommendations about what to include:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Speaker\u2019s name<\/li>\r\n \t<li>All speech content. If there is speech that is not relevant, it is usually best to indicate that it has been excluded from the transcript, e.g., \u201c[A &amp; B chatted while slides were loading].\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Relevant descriptions about the speech. Descriptions that convey emotions and mood are usually provided in brackets, e.g., \u201cDon\u2019t touch that! [shouted].\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Descriptions of relevant non-speech audio. These are usually provided in brackets, e.g., \u201c[metal pipes crashing to concrete floor].\u201d\u00a0Background noise that isn\u2019t relevant can be left out.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Headings and sub-headings. Headings help when they make a transcript more usable or easy to navigate, especially when the transcript is long. When included, put headings in brackets to show they were not part of the original audio, e.g., [Introduction]; [Group Discussion]; [Case Study].<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--key-takeaways\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<p class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"text-align: center\">Transcripts and Third-Party Videos<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nIf you are not producing your own video resource\u00a0but are planning to embed video materials from a\u00a0third-party source (e.g., YouTube), be aware that not all third-party videos include transcripts. While services like YouTube technically support transcripts, not all of their contributors include them. If you select a video resource that does not already\u00a0have a transcript, you will need to produce one yourself.\r\n\r\nCreating a transcript for a third-party video might infringe on copyright, depending on how the video has been licensed. Before producing a\u00a0transcript for media materials you did not create, contact the copyright holder of that material for permission to do so. (See information about using <a href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/pressbooks\/chapter\/videos-audio-interactive-media\/#youtube\">YouTube in Pressbooks<\/a> in the <a href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/pressbooks\/\"><em>Pressbooks Guide<\/em><\/a>.)\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1><a id=\"captions\"><\/a>Captions<\/h1>\r\nCaptions are the text that is synchronized with the audio in a video presentation. Captions are important when people need to see what's happening in the video and get the audio information in text at the same time.\r\n\r\nThe work you put into creating a text transcript for a video resource\u00a0can be\u00a0repurposed to provide captions. Keep in mind the following recommendations about what to include in your captions:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>All speech content. If there is speech that is not relevant, it is usually best to indicate that it has been excluded from the captions, e.g., \u201c[A &amp; B chatted while slides were loading].\u201d<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Descriptions of relevant non-speech audio. These are usually provided in brackets, e.g., \u201c[metal pipes crashing to concrete floor]\u201d; \u201c[background music by XXX plays].\u201d Background noise that isn\u2019t relevant can be left out.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>","rendered":"<p>In this section, we provide recommendations to guide your inclusion of accessible multimedia content.<\/p>\n<h1>What are multimedia?<\/h1>\n<p>The term multimedia refers to a variety of ways, or media, used to communicate information, such as\u00a0videos, audio,\u00a0animations, and slideshows.<\/p>\n<p><strong>File types used<\/strong>: MP3, MP4, PPT<\/p>\n<h1>What types of multimedia are you including?<\/h1>\n<p>Before you can determine what you need to do to make media accessible, you must understand what is required for different types of multimedia. Consider the following questions:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Does your multimedia resource include audio narration or instructions? If so, you should:\n<ul>\n<li>provide a complete <a title=\"Transcript of all speech content and relevant non-speech content\" href=\"#transcripts\">transcript<\/a>\u00a0of all speech content and relevant non-speech content in the resource<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Does your multimedia resource include audio that is synchronized with a video presentation? If so, you should:\n<ul>\n<li>provide <a title=\"Captions of all speech content and relevant non-speech content\" href=\"#captions\">captions <\/a>of all speech content and relevant non-speech content in the resource<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h1>Who are you doing this for?<\/h1>\n<p>This work supports students who:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Are deaf or hard of hearing<\/li>\n<li>Are blind or have low vision<\/li>\n<li>Have a form of\u00a0cognitive disability<\/li>\n<li>Are in a location where they cannot play or hear audio<\/li>\n<li>Are not native-English speakers and need written-word formats to support understanding<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>What do you need to do?<\/h1>\n<p>Many types of multimedia present information in a non-text manner. For students unable to use the original version of these formats, providing text as a transcript, caption, or written description gives them access.<\/p>\n<h1><a id=\"transcripts\"><\/a>Transcripts<\/h1>\n<p>Consider what your students would get out of your multimedia resource if they were not able to hear the audio portion, or if they had difficulty understanding the spoken word. A text transcript provides students with equivalent information to the audio content in a multimedia resource.<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"&quot;Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0: Guideline 1.2,&quot;\u00a0W3C, http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/WCAG20\/#media-equiv (accessed April 17, 2018).\" id=\"return-footnote-55-1\" href=\"#footnote-55-1\" aria-label=\"Footnote 1\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>As you work on developing a text transcript, keep in mind the following recommendations about what to include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Speaker\u2019s name<\/li>\n<li>All speech content. If there is speech that is not relevant, it is usually best to indicate that it has been excluded from the transcript, e.g., \u201c[A &amp; B chatted while slides were loading].\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Relevant descriptions about the speech. Descriptions that convey emotions and mood are usually provided in brackets, e.g., \u201cDon\u2019t touch that! [shouted].\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Descriptions of relevant non-speech audio. These are usually provided in brackets, e.g., \u201c[metal pipes crashing to concrete floor].\u201d\u00a0Background noise that isn\u2019t relevant can be left out.<\/li>\n<li>Headings and sub-headings. Headings help when they make a transcript more usable or easy to navigate, especially when the transcript is long. When included, put headings in brackets to show they were not part of the original audio, e.g., [Introduction]; [Group Discussion]; [Case Study].<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--key-takeaways\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"text-align: center\">Transcripts and Third-Party Videos<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>If you are not producing your own video resource\u00a0but are planning to embed video materials from a\u00a0third-party source (e.g., YouTube), be aware that not all third-party videos include transcripts. While services like YouTube technically support transcripts, not all of their contributors include them. If you select a video resource that does not already\u00a0have a transcript, you will need to produce one yourself.<\/p>\n<p>Creating a transcript for a third-party video might infringe on copyright, depending on how the video has been licensed. Before producing a\u00a0transcript for media materials you did not create, contact the copyright holder of that material for permission to do so. (See information about using <a href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/pressbooks\/chapter\/videos-audio-interactive-media\/#youtube\">YouTube in Pressbooks<\/a> in the <a href=\"https:\/\/opentextbc.ca\/pressbooks\/\"><em>Pressbooks Guide<\/em><\/a>.)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h1><a id=\"captions\"><\/a>Captions<\/h1>\n<p>Captions are the text that is synchronized with the audio in a video presentation. Captions are important when people need to see what&#8217;s happening in the video and get the audio information in text at the same time.<\/p>\n<p>The work you put into creating a text transcript for a video resource\u00a0can be\u00a0repurposed to provide captions. Keep in mind the following recommendations about what to include in your captions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>All speech content. If there is speech that is not relevant, it is usually best to indicate that it has been excluded from the captions, e.g., \u201c[A &amp; B chatted while slides were loading].\u201d<\/li>\n<li>Descriptions of relevant non-speech audio. These are usually provided in brackets, e.g., \u201c[metal pipes crashing to concrete floor]\u201d; \u201c[background music by XXX plays].\u201d Background noise that isn\u2019t relevant can be left out.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr class=\"before-footnotes clear\" \/><div class=\"footnotes\"><ol><li id=\"footnote-55-1\">\"Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0: Guideline 1.2,\"\u00a0<em>W3C<\/em>, http:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/WCAG20\/#media-equiv (accessed April 17, 2018). <a href=\"#return-footnote-55-1\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 1\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":7,"menu_order":12,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"Multi-media","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-55","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":33,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/accessibilitytoolkit\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/55","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/accessibilitytoolkit\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/accessibilitytoolkit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/accessibilitytoolkit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/accessibilitytoolkit\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/55\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":304,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/accessibilitytoolkit\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/55\/revisions\/304"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/accessibilitytoolkit\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/33"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/accessibilitytoolkit\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/55\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/accessibilitytoolkit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=55"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/accessibilitytoolkit\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=55"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/accessibilitytoolkit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=55"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/accessibilitytoolkit\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=55"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}