{"id":736,"date":"2022-11-30T23:43:09","date_gmt":"2022-11-30T23:43:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=736"},"modified":"2022-12-05T01:46:25","modified_gmt":"2022-12-05T01:46:25","slug":"736","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/chapter\/736\/","title":{"rendered":"Wallace- The Empire of Cotton A Global History"},"content":{"raw":"<strong>The Empire of Cotton A Global History<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<img src=\"https:\/\/media.istockphoto.com\/id\/481078692\/photo\/cotton-crop-landscape-with-copy-space-area.jpg?b=1&amp;s=170667a&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=TcunN-WXnqKBDR4Mrx46d8esLkLZWFY0M4MQx0_hHw0=\" \/>\r\n\r\n<img src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0100\/6852\/products\/DSCF6139_1800x.jpg?v=1590535161\" alt=\"Empire of Cotton: A Global History by Sven Beckert\" \/>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\nHistoriography Connections\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\nEconomic history, Social history, Political History, and how it connects to the history of Capitalism\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\nGeographic Coverage\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\nEurope, Africa, South America, North America, and other parts of the world,\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\nThe map focuses on Europe and on England.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\n\u00a0 <img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/138\/2022\/11\/Screenshot-2022-11-30-7.05.50-PM-300x215.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"215\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-742\" \/><img src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/138\/2022\/11\/Screenshot-2022-11-30-7.24.52-PM-300x206.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"206\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-743\" \/>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\nCitation for First Edition\/Printing\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\nBeckert, Sven, Empire of Cotton: A Global History. New York, Alfred A. Knopf, 2014.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\nPress Release\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\nAuthor Sven Beckert was able to understand how capitalism was shaped by the cotton industry. \u201cSven Beckert\u2019s rich, fascinating book tells the story of how, in a remarkably brief period, European entrepreneurs and powerful statesmen recast the world\u2019s most significant manufacturing industry, combining empirical expansion and slave labor with new machines and wage workers to change the world\u201d1. The cotton industry also connected places such as Europe, Africa, and America. The cotton industry changed the world by connecting Europe to Africa and Africa to America. The enslaved people from Africa were brought to America by European merchants. The main purpose of the slave trade was to get free labor and overall cotton from the Americas to the factories in Europe. As the cotton empire became more profitable slavery in Africa increased.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\nContent\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\nThe cotton industry connected more than just people, cotton, and money. The exploitation of enslaved Africans and the profit made from selling raw cotton to factories led to the creation of \u201cRailroads, canals, newspapers, and the telegraph dramatically lowered travel times and spurred the spread of information. These innovations prompted the emergence of mass political parties and stimulated America's economic development from an overwhelmingly rural country to a diversified economy in which commerce and industry took their place alongside agriculture. In his story, the author weaves together political and military events with social, economic, and cultural history\u201d2. Without cotton, the world would not have been so connected during this time and some industries might not have existed.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\nMethods\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\nSven was inspired to tell the story about the history of cotton to shine a light on the work of \u201cplanters and enslaved workers, manufacturers and wage laborers, the center of the British Empire and colonies and, later, developing nations\u201d5. This was to expose the horrors of how people were exploited while others became rich. Such as the \u201cmillions of unmanned workers\u201d6 who lost their lives and identities for the sake of cotton.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\nCritiques\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\nThe problem with an expanding world is the way it happened. Empire of Cotton a Global History offers \u201ca dark story of capitalism, born of worldwide empire and violence. The book is a triple threat: it insists that the Industrial Revolution would never have happened without external trade, that the rise of industrialism and factory labor would never have transpired without the spread of slave labor, and that cotton was a commodity that made an empire and thus the world economy\u201d3. So, thanks to violence, exploitation, money, and capitalism, we have everything we see today. Such as machines, clothes, better communication, and bigger cities.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\nImpact on Historiography\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\nHistography is the study of historical writing. And Beckert showed this historical connection by attributing almost omnipotent powers to \u201ccotton capitalists\u201d to manipulate events around the world. But all too often he portrays interests that were at odds with one another as working in a united front; all too often he asserts historical actors behaved in ways fitting his story rather than as they did. Beckert writes: \u201cEuropeans became important to the worlds of cotton not because of new inventions or superior technologies, but because of their ability to reshape and then dominate global cotton networks\u201d4.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n\r\nTable of Contents:\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\">The rise of a global commodity<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Building war capitalism<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\">The wages of war capitalism<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Capturing labor, conquering land<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Slavery takes command<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Industrial capitalism takes wing<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Mobilizing industrial labor<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"8\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Making cotton global<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"9\" data-aria-level=\"1\">A war reverberates around the world<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"10\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Global reconstruction<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"11\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Destructions<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"12\" data-aria-level=\"1\">The new cotton imperialism<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"13\" data-aria-level=\"1\">The return of the global South<\/li>\r\n \t<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"14\" data-aria-level=\"1\">The weave and the weft: an epilogue<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Resources<\/strong>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Beckert, Sven, Empire of Cotton: A Global History. New York, Alfred A. Knopf, 2014.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pulitzer.org\/winners\/daniel-walker-howe\">https:\/\/www.pulitzer.org\/winners\/daniel-walker-howe<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/reviews\/capsule-review\/2015-12-14\/empire-cotton-global-history\">https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/reviews\/capsule-review\/2015-12-14\/empire-cotton-global-history<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.law.columbia.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/microsites\/law-economics-studies\/olmstead_-_cotton_slavery_and_history_of_new_capitalism_131_nhc_28_sept_2016.pdf\">https:\/\/web.law.columbia.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/microsites\/law-economics-studies\/olmstead_-_cotton_slavery_and_history_of_new_capitalism_131_nhc_28_sept_2016.pdf<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2014\/12\/30\/books\/empire-of-cotton-by-sven-beckert.html\">https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2014\/12\/30\/books\/empire-of-cotton-by-sven-beckert.html<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Beckert, Sven, Empire of Cotton: A Global History. New York, Alfred A. Knopf, 2014.pg. 175.<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Images of the Book: https:\/\/www.averbforkeepingwarm.com\/products\/empire-of-cotton-a-global-history-by-sven-beckert<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Image of cotton: https:\/\/unsplash.com\/s\/photos\/cotton-field<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Image of top map: https:\/\/howellworldhistory.wordpress.com\/quarter-one\/unit-3-european-global-interactions\/the-atlantic-slave-trade-15-4\/<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Image of bottom map: https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/smart-news\/study-reveals-brutal-genetic-legacy-slave-trade-180975423\/<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;","rendered":"<p><strong>The Empire of Cotton A Global History<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/media.istockphoto.com\/id\/481078692\/photo\/cotton-crop-landscape-with-copy-space-area.jpg?b=1&amp;s=170667a&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=TcunN-WXnqKBDR4Mrx46d8esLkLZWFY0M4MQx0_hHw0=\" alt=\"image\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0100\/6852\/products\/DSCF6139_1800x.jpg?v=1590535161\" alt=\"Empire of Cotton: A Global History by Sven Beckert\" \/><\/p>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>Historiography Connections<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>Economic history, Social history, Political History, and how it connects to the history of Capitalism<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>Geographic Coverage<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>Europe, Africa, South America, North America, and other parts of the world,<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>The map focuses on Europe and on England.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>\u00a0 <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/138\/2022\/11\/Screenshot-2022-11-30-7.05.50-PM-300x215.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"215\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-742\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/138\/2022\/11\/Screenshot-2022-11-30-7.05.50-PM-300x215.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/138\/2022\/11\/Screenshot-2022-11-30-7.05.50-PM-65x47.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/138\/2022\/11\/Screenshot-2022-11-30-7.05.50-PM-225x161.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/138\/2022\/11\/Screenshot-2022-11-30-7.05.50-PM-350x251.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/138\/2022\/11\/Screenshot-2022-11-30-7.05.50-PM.png 522w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/138\/2022\/11\/Screenshot-2022-11-30-7.24.52-PM-300x206.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"206\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-743\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/138\/2022\/11\/Screenshot-2022-11-30-7.24.52-PM-300x206.png 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/138\/2022\/11\/Screenshot-2022-11-30-7.24.52-PM-65x45.png 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/138\/2022\/11\/Screenshot-2022-11-30-7.24.52-PM-225x154.png 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/138\/2022\/11\/Screenshot-2022-11-30-7.24.52-PM-350x240.png 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/138\/2022\/11\/Screenshot-2022-11-30-7.24.52-PM.png 569w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>Citation for First Edition\/Printing<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>Beckert, Sven, Empire of Cotton: A Global History. New York, Alfred A. Knopf, 2014.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>Press Release<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>Author Sven Beckert was able to understand how capitalism was shaped by the cotton industry. \u201cSven Beckert\u2019s rich, fascinating book tells the story of how, in a remarkably brief period, European entrepreneurs and powerful statesmen recast the world\u2019s most significant manufacturing industry, combining empirical expansion and slave labor with new machines and wage workers to change the world\u201d1. The cotton industry also connected places such as Europe, Africa, and America. The cotton industry changed the world by connecting Europe to Africa and Africa to America. The enslaved people from Africa were brought to America by European merchants. The main purpose of the slave trade was to get free labor and overall cotton from the Americas to the factories in Europe. As the cotton empire became more profitable slavery in Africa increased.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>Content<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>The cotton industry connected more than just people, cotton, and money. The exploitation of enslaved Africans and the profit made from selling raw cotton to factories led to the creation of \u201cRailroads, canals, newspapers, and the telegraph dramatically lowered travel times and spurred the spread of information. These innovations prompted the emergence of mass political parties and stimulated America&#8217;s economic development from an overwhelmingly rural country to a diversified economy in which commerce and industry took their place alongside agriculture. In his story, the author weaves together political and military events with social, economic, and cultural history\u201d2. Without cotton, the world would not have been so connected during this time and some industries might not have existed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>Methods<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>Sven was inspired to tell the story about the history of cotton to shine a light on the work of \u201cplanters and enslaved workers, manufacturers and wage laborers, the center of the British Empire and colonies and, later, developing nations\u201d5. This was to expose the horrors of how people were exploited while others became rich. Such as the \u201cmillions of unmanned workers\u201d6 who lost their lives and identities for the sake of cotton.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>Critiques<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>The problem with an expanding world is the way it happened. Empire of Cotton a Global History offers \u201ca dark story of capitalism, born of worldwide empire and violence. The book is a triple threat: it insists that the Industrial Revolution would never have happened without external trade, that the rise of industrialism and factory labor would never have transpired without the spread of slave labor, and that cotton was a commodity that made an empire and thus the world economy\u201d3. So, thanks to violence, exploitation, money, and capitalism, we have everything we see today. Such as machines, clothes, better communication, and bigger cities.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>Impact on Historiography<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>Histography is the study of historical writing. And Beckert showed this historical connection by attributing almost omnipotent powers to \u201ccotton capitalists\u201d to manipulate events around the world. But all too often he portrays interests that were at odds with one another as working in a united front; all too often he asserts historical actors behaved in ways fitting his story rather than as they did. Beckert writes: \u201cEuropeans became important to the worlds of cotton not because of new inventions or superior technologies, but because of their ability to reshape and then dominate global cotton networks\u201d4.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<p>Table of Contents:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"font-weight: 400\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\">The rise of a global commodity<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Building war capitalism<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\">The wages of war capitalism<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Capturing labor, conquering land<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Slavery takes command<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"6\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Industrial capitalism takes wing<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"7\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Mobilizing industrial labor<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"8\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Making cotton global<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"9\" data-aria-level=\"1\">A war reverberates around the world<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"10\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Global reconstruction<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"11\" data-aria-level=\"1\">Destructions<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"12\" data-aria-level=\"1\">The new cotton imperialism<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"13\" data-aria-level=\"1\">The return of the global South<\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"1\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" data-aria-posinset=\"14\" data-aria-level=\"1\">The weave and the weft: an epilogue<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\"><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Resources<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none\">\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Beckert, Sven, Empire of Cotton: A Global History. New York, Alfred A. Knopf, 2014.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pulitzer.org\/winners\/daniel-walker-howe\">https:\/\/www.pulitzer.org\/winners\/daniel-walker-howe<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/reviews\/capsule-review\/2015-12-14\/empire-cotton-global-history\">https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/reviews\/capsule-review\/2015-12-14\/empire-cotton-global-history<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.law.columbia.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/microsites\/law-economics-studies\/olmstead_-_cotton_slavery_and_history_of_new_capitalism_131_nhc_28_sept_2016.pdf\">https:\/\/web.law.columbia.edu\/sites\/default\/files\/microsites\/law-economics-studies\/olmstead_-_cotton_slavery_and_history_of_new_capitalism_131_nhc_28_sept_2016.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2014\/12\/30\/books\/empire-of-cotton-by-sven-beckert.html\">https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2014\/12\/30\/books\/empire-of-cotton-by-sven-beckert.html<\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Beckert, Sven, Empire of Cotton: A Global History. New York, Alfred A. Knopf, 2014.pg. 175.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Images of the Book: https:\/\/www.averbforkeepingwarm.com\/products\/empire-of-cotton-a-global-history-by-sven-beckert<\/li>\n<li>Image of cotton: https:\/\/unsplash.com\/s\/photos\/cotton-field<\/li>\n<li>Image of top map: https:\/\/howellworldhistory.wordpress.com\/quarter-one\/unit-3-european-global-interactions\/the-atlantic-slave-trade-15-4\/<\/li>\n<li>Image of bottom map: https:\/\/www.smithsonianmag.com\/smart-news\/study-reveals-brutal-genetic-legacy-slave-trade-180975423\/<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":294,"menu_order":30,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-736","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":3,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/736","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/294"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/736\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":780,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/736\/revisions\/780"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/3"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/736\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=736"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=736"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=736"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/historicalstudiesstudentresearch\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=736"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}