{"id":31,"date":"2022-02-23T13:11:31","date_gmt":"2022-02-23T13:11:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/kyw-radio-cleveland\/?post_type=chapter&p=31"},"modified":"2022-05-19T19:36:58","modified_gmt":"2022-05-19T19:36:58","slug":"chapter-6-the-crucial-years","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/kyw-radio-cleveland\/chapter\/chapter-6-the-crucial-years\/","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 6: The Crucial Years"},"content":{"raw":"N<\/span>ineteen Sixty<\/span>-<\/span>Three and Sixty<\/span>-<\/span>Four<\/span> <\/span>proved to be <\/span>very <\/span>challenging <\/span>year<\/span>s for the <\/span>U.S. <\/span>radio-<\/span>industry<\/span> in general and <\/span>N<\/span>BC<\/span> and <\/span>W<\/span>BC<\/span> in particular<\/span>. <\/span>At long last, t<\/span>he <\/span>U.S. Supreme Court <\/span>under the direction of <\/span>Chief Justice <\/span>Earl Warren <\/span>(1891-1974) <\/span>had <\/span>final<\/span>ized <\/span>the <\/span>legal <\/span>procedures <\/span>that <\/span>commercial <\/span>broadcast<\/span>ers <\/span>must <\/span>follow <\/span>when<\/span>ever<\/span> <\/span>trading <\/span>stations<\/span>. However, <\/span>the <\/span>fate of the <\/span>\u2018<\/span>56 <\/span>exchange <\/span>and the <\/span>more <\/span>recent <\/span>RKO<\/span> <\/span>petition <\/span>still <\/span>hung <\/span>in the balance<\/span>. <\/span>O<\/span>n <\/span>the first week of <\/span>January<\/span> <\/span>19<\/span>63<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>Philco and NBC <\/span>announce<\/span>d<\/span> <\/span>that <\/span>a tentative <\/span>compromise <\/span>had been reached<\/span> between <\/span>those<\/span> two parties<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cRCA-Philco Multi-Million-Dollar Suits Settled,\u201d Broadcasting, Business Weekly of Television & Radio<\/em>, January 7, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Had the <\/span>FCC\u2019s a<\/span>cc<\/span>ept<\/span>ed<\/span> the RKO-General proposal, at that <\/span>moment<\/span>, <\/span>it <\/span>would <\/span>have <\/span>led to <\/span>an i<\/span>nstant <\/span>Philadelphia<\/span>-Boston <\/span>s<\/span>tation s<\/span>wap<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>While everyone <\/span>anxiously a<\/span>waited the <\/span>fed\u2019s<\/span> <\/span>decision<\/span>, t<\/span>he <\/span>feds <\/span>den<\/span>ied<\/span> <\/span>Philco<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> <\/span>most recent <\/span>request <\/span>pertaining to <\/span>WRCV-TV<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> <\/span>license<\/span> <\/span>renewal<\/span>. <\/span>Now <\/span>a <\/span>part <\/span>of <\/span>the Ford Motor Company<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>Philc<\/span>o<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>new set of <\/span>lawyers<\/span> <\/span>re<\/span>directed <\/span>their <\/span>current <\/span>efforts<\/span>.<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nThat new approach <\/span>called for Philco to <\/span>drop <\/span>its <\/span>legal <\/span>objection to <\/span>NBC<\/span> getting it<\/span>s license <\/span>renewal<\/span> <\/span>with the <\/span>full <\/span>understanding <\/span>that <\/span>the network <\/span>would <\/span>pa<\/span>y <\/span>Philco <\/span>$9<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> in damages.[footnote]\u201c9 Million Kiss Between RCA and Philco Settled; Patent Dispute and Ch.3 Philadelphia Hassle,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, January 7, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Th<\/span>at <\/span>$9 million figure <\/span>would <\/span>have <\/span>amply <\/span>cover<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>any <\/span>of <\/span>Philco\u2019s <\/span>incurred <\/span>radio equipment<\/span> patent fees<\/span>. <\/span>I<\/span>n exchange, i<\/span>t<\/span>s sharp legal team <\/span>guaranteed <\/span>that <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> <\/span>would <\/span>receive <\/span>all <\/span>of <\/span>Philco\u2019s <\/span>earlier<\/span>, very profitable <\/span>color television patents. <\/span>However, <\/span>Philco<\/span> <\/span>representatives <\/span>wanted <\/span>to retain <\/span>the <\/span>legal <\/span>right to <\/span>hold <\/span>on to <\/span>all <\/span>future<\/span> <\/span>color television patents at <\/span>the <\/span>customary <\/span>license<\/span> rate<\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>It also <\/span>sought <\/span>all <\/span>non-exclusive<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>RCA-l<\/span>icensed radio devices <\/span>yet <\/span>to be <\/span>filed under <\/span>domestic patents <\/span>or <\/span>patent application<\/span> laws<\/span>. <\/span>In response<\/span>, NBC <\/span>demanded <\/span>the right to <\/span>avail itself of <\/span>any <\/span>future <\/span>domestic color television patent<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>th<\/span>at<\/span> might be <\/span>issued to <\/span>the <\/span>Philco<\/span> Co<\/span>rporation<\/span>. That agreement <\/span>if a<\/span>pproved <\/span>by the <\/span>federal <\/span>courts <\/span>would <\/span>have <\/span>nullified <\/span>it<\/span>s <\/span>earlier <\/span>$150<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> <\/span>damage<\/span> claim <\/span>against the network <\/span>a<\/span>s well as <\/span>voided <\/span>NBC<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>$174 <\/span>million<\/span> countersuit<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nRKO<\/span> <\/span>hoped that <\/span>its <\/span>carefully worded <\/span>arguments <\/span>presented <\/span>in front of <\/span>the U.S. Court of Appeals<\/span> would <\/span>be <\/span>sufficient<\/span> enough <\/span>t<\/span>o <\/span>reverse <\/span>that court\u2019s <\/span>recent <\/span>decision <\/span>that had <\/span>requir<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>NBC<\/span>-<\/span>W<\/span>BC <\/span>to flip <\/span>their Cleveland and Philadelphia <\/span>stations <\/span>once <\/span>again<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cThat NBC-WBC Deal,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, January 28, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>If <\/span>that <\/span>reverse <\/span>decision <\/span>held <\/span>i<\/span>t <\/span>would <\/span>prove to <\/span>be <\/span>a costly <\/span>e<\/span>ndeavor <\/span>that <\/span>neither NBC nor<\/span> WBC <\/span>wanted to <\/span>participate in at that moment<\/span>. At the same time, <\/span>RKO<\/span> <\/span>lawyers <\/span>demanded a<\/span> further <\/span>F<\/span>ederal <\/span>C<\/span>ommunications <\/span>C<\/span>ommission<\/span> <\/span>in<\/span>quiry <\/span>directed<\/span> specifically towards finding <\/span>any <\/span>other <\/span>legal improprieties<\/span> <\/span>that <\/span>might<\/span> have <\/span>taken place <\/span>during th<\/span>e <\/span>\u201956 <\/span>exchange<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>On another <\/span>issue <\/span>close<\/span>r<\/span> to home, the Cleveland newspaper strike entered its 68<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> day <\/span>on February 6, <\/span>19<\/span>63 <\/span>with no end <\/span>to it <\/span>in sight. A <\/span>number <\/span>of loca<\/span>l <\/span>radio and television <\/span>outlets<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>including KYW<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>held a <\/span>major <\/span>debate<\/span> and Q& A session on <\/span>that <\/span>issue<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>KYW\u2019s <\/span>Editorial Manager B<\/span>art <\/span>Clausen <\/span>split<\/span> <\/span>the <\/span>production costs<\/span> among <\/span>participating<\/span> <\/span>locally-based <\/span>outlet<\/span>s.[footnote]\u201cCleveland Radio-TV Pool for Strike Debate,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, February 11, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nRegarding Philco\u2019s <\/span>recent <\/span>decision to d<\/span>rop<\/span> its <\/span>pending <\/span>law <\/span>suit<\/span> against NBC<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>federal officials <\/span>made it <\/span>absolutely <\/span>clear <\/span>to all <\/span>the <\/span>parties<\/span> involved <\/span>that they had no intention of <\/span>recusing <\/span>themselves <\/span>from <\/span>that case <\/span>or any other related legal matters<\/span>.<\/span> Th<\/span>e <\/span>unwillingness <\/span>of the <\/span>federal <\/span>government <\/span>to <\/span>stand down <\/span>seriously <\/span>jeopardized <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>chances of <\/span>achieving <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>workable<\/span> <\/span>arrangement <\/span>with <\/span>RKO<\/span>-General <\/span>at least not at that <\/span>particular <\/span>juncture<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cFCC Insists on Making a Decision,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, March 18, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\u00a0It also <\/span>stopped <\/span>NBC <\/span>from <\/span>readily d<\/span>i<\/span>sposing <\/span>of its <\/span>Philly <\/span>station<\/span>. <\/span>RCA-<\/span>N<\/span>BC <\/span>officials firmly believed that the<\/span>ir<\/span> <\/span>proposed <\/span>swap with <\/span>RKO<\/span> <\/span>met <\/span>all the <\/span>stringent <\/span>federal <\/span>requirements<\/span> <\/span>as <\/span>set down by the \u201959 DOJ consent decree<\/span>. H<\/span>owever, the FCC <\/span>begged to <\/span>differ<\/span> on th<\/span>eir pretense. <\/span>It <\/span>insisted that <\/span>the <\/span>P<\/span>hilco <\/span>Corporation <\/span>make a final <\/span>deci<\/span>sion as to<\/span> <\/span>whether it <\/span>was going <\/span>to <\/span>pursue th<\/span>is <\/span>Phil<\/span>ly <\/span>issue <\/span>any <\/span>further<\/span> or <\/span>simply <\/span>end it <\/span>here<\/span> and <\/span>now<\/span>.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Also, the <\/span>commission<\/span>ers<\/span> <\/span>reminded <\/span>P<\/span>hilco\u2019s legal team <\/span>that <\/span>WRCV<\/span>-TV<\/span> <\/span>wa<\/span>s <\/span>fully <\/span>operational<\/span> <\/span>and <\/span>that the <\/span>public <\/span>wouldn\u2019t<\/span> <\/span>be <\/span>served <\/span>if <\/span>it<\/span>s <\/span>legal <\/span>counsel<\/span> <\/span>continued to <\/span>pursue<\/span> <\/span>what many<\/span> experts in the field<\/span> <\/span>view<\/span>ed <\/span>at that time <\/span>as <\/span>a <\/span>worthless <\/span>case<\/span>.<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nThe <\/span>F<\/span>ederal <\/span>C<\/span>ommunications <\/span>C<\/span>ommission<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>Broadcasting Bureau <\/span>also <\/span>expressed <\/span>some serious <\/span>reservations <\/span>regard<\/span>ing <\/span>Philco\u2019s <\/span>upcom<\/span>ing <\/span>c<\/span>ase<\/span> and its legal defense<\/span>. <\/span>In the <\/span>eyes of the <\/span>bureau<\/span>,<\/span> i<\/span>t <\/span>appeared to be <\/span>a last ditched effort<\/span> <\/span>presented <\/span>by a <\/span>very <\/span>desperate <\/span>Philadelphia <\/span>company<\/span> <\/span>that was <\/span>hoping <\/span>to salvage <\/span>what was left of <\/span>its <\/span>remaining <\/span>business <\/span>reputation<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Again, t<\/span>he <\/span>feds<\/span> <\/span>made it <\/span>abundantly <\/span>clear <\/span>that <\/span>it couldn\u2019t <\/span>approve an<\/span>y<\/span> <\/span>pointed <\/span>agreement<\/span>,<\/span> like that<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>if <\/span>it didn\u2019t <\/span>serve<\/span> the<\/span> public\u2019s <\/span>needs<\/span>.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>The <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> <\/span>had <\/span>hoped for <\/span>a <\/span>quick <\/span>response from the <\/span>FCC <\/span>provided that the <\/span>Philco <\/span>Company <\/span>d<\/span>id<\/span>n\u2019t <\/span>fi<\/span>gure out somehow <\/span>to <\/span>gum up<\/span> the works<\/span>. However, if <\/span>i<\/span>n <\/span>desperation<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>Philco <\/span>should <\/span>decide <\/span>at the <\/span>11<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> hour <\/span>to <\/span>pull out of <\/span>this <\/span>$9<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> <\/span>damage <\/span>package <\/span>that would <\/span>destroy <\/span>any chances <\/span>NBC<\/span> might have of <\/span>recovering <\/span>any<\/span>thing from <\/span>th<\/span>e original <\/span>proposal<\/span>. <\/span>It <\/span>was <\/span>a slippery slope <\/span>that <\/span>NBC<\/span> <\/span>might have <\/span>to climb<\/span> very soon<\/span>. Undoubtedly, a<\/span>ny f<\/span>urther <\/span>antitrust <\/span>actions <\/span>instigated <\/span>by <\/span>the <\/span>Philco<\/span> <\/span>Corporation <\/span>against <\/span>RCA-<\/span>NBC would <\/span>have to <\/span>be <\/span>placed <\/span>on the back burner <\/span>by the feds <\/span>as <\/span>they <\/span>re<\/span>directed <\/span>their <\/span>attention towards <\/span>what <\/span>they <\/span>considered to be <\/span>more pressing <\/span>legal <\/span>issues<\/span>.<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nNBC <\/span>had already determined that <\/span>a<\/span>ny<\/span> <\/span>long-term<\/span> <\/span>delay<\/span> on its license request <\/span>w<\/span>ould be considered <\/span>a <\/span>bone crushing <\/span>defeat<\/span> for th<\/span>is major <\/span>network<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>In a<\/span>n <\/span>unexpected move<\/span> that greatly displeased <\/span>NBC<\/span>\u2019s legal counsel<\/span>,<\/span> Philco<\/span> <\/span>officials <\/span>announced <\/span>that <\/span>they <\/span>would <\/span>continu<\/span>e <\/span>to <\/span>oppose <\/span>the <\/span>RCA-NBC <\/span>renewal <\/span>application<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]\u201cPhilco Keeps its Hat in the Ring,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, March 25, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Many experts <\/span>in the field <\/span>seriously <\/span>doubted <\/span>the wisdom<\/span> <\/span>of <\/span>Philco<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>attorneys <\/span>choosing to <\/span>pursu<\/span>e<\/span> such a <\/span>narrow<\/span>ly<\/span>-<\/span>focused<\/span> <\/span>legal <\/span>course<\/span> of action<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>But<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>that did not <\/span>faze<\/span> <\/span>Philco<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>sharp <\/span>l<\/span>egal team <\/span>who <\/span>mov<\/span>ed <\/span>ahead <\/span>with <\/span>their plans <\/span>even though they knew f<\/span>ull well that <\/span>their <\/span>chances <\/span>of <\/span>winning <\/span>that case <\/span>were slim<\/span> to none<\/span>. <\/span>By this point, <\/span>it <\/span>didn\u2019t <\/span>matter much to Philco whether <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany <\/span>had <\/span>or had not <\/span>intentionally <\/span>violated <\/span>numerous <\/span>antitrust <\/span>laws <\/span>over the past decade <\/span>starting <\/span>with <\/span>the<\/span> <\/span>W<\/span>estinghouse <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> <\/span>trade <\/span>eight years <\/span>earlier<\/span>.<\/span> It was out for revenge.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nDuring the <\/span>prolonged <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>newspaper strike <\/span>many <\/span>of <\/span>local newspaper <\/span>columnists, reporters, technicians and writers work<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>temporarily<\/span> at KYW-Cleveland<\/span>.[footnote]Bert J. Reesing, \u201cRadio and TV News Coverage is Lauded,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, April 8, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>As a public se<\/span>r<\/span>vice<\/span>, t<\/span>he <\/span>s<\/span>tation <\/span>increased its <\/span>daily <\/span>news <\/span>coverage from <\/span>just over <\/span>three <\/span>to <\/span>six <\/span>hours<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Apparently, <\/span>that was the right <\/span>strategy <\/span>to follow <\/span>then <\/span>as <\/span>first <\/span>quarter <\/span>KYW <\/span>r<\/span>evenues<\/span> <\/span>for \u201963 <\/span>reached a new all-time high<\/span> level<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]\u201cCleveland Radio-TV Back to Normal,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, April 15, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Appreciating its <\/span>expanded <\/span>news <\/span>coverage<\/span> <\/span>l<\/span>ed <\/span>the public <\/span>to <\/span>clamor for<\/span> <\/span>even <\/span>more<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>The <\/span>first years of the <\/span>19<\/span>60s <\/span>also <\/span>foreshadowed <\/span>fantastic <\/span>breakthroughs <\/span>in <\/span>the way<\/span> in which<\/span> advertisers and <\/span>their broadcasting <\/span>partners sold<\/span> <\/span>their heralded <\/span>m<\/span>erchandise <\/span>o<\/span>ver the <\/span>local <\/span>air<\/span>waves<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Very s<\/span>impl<\/span>e messag<\/span>ing <\/span>increasingly <\/span>replac<\/span>e<\/span>d<\/span> <\/span>the <\/span>more <\/span>in-depth <\/span>analysis <\/span>of the recent past <\/span>as <\/span>t<\/span>he advertising world<\/span> <\/span>gradually changed its mind <\/span>as to <\/span>what <\/span>exactly <\/span>constituted effective <\/span>new <\/span>p<\/span>romotional <\/span>strateg<\/span>ies<\/span> and techniques<\/span>. <\/span>In <\/span>large<\/span>r<\/span> <\/span>and larger <\/span>droves, <\/span>advertising firms <\/span>throughout the U.S. <\/span>began to <\/span>emphasize <\/span>cooler<\/span>\u201d<\/span> sound<\/span>s<\/span> and <\/span>simpler pres<\/span>en<\/span>tat<\/span>ion<\/span>s.<\/span> Th<\/span>at new approach towards advertising fitted right into KYW-Radio\u2019s wheelhouse. Its shrewd promoters were always seeking effective new ways in which to expand their corporate brand and image by utilizing bright and effective new advertising methods.<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nDepending <\/span>on <\/span>greater <\/span>d<\/span>etailed <\/span>customer surveys became <\/span>increasingly <\/span>important whenever <\/span>updating <\/span>a <\/span>co<\/span>rporate <\/span>image<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Powerful <\/span>surveys <\/span>encapsulated <\/span>much <\/span>broader<\/span>-based<\/span> <\/span>business <\/span>a<\/span>nd <\/span>social <\/span>issues <\/span>that <\/span>were <\/span>affect<\/span>ing radio <\/span>broadcast<\/span>ing compan<\/span>ies <\/span>throughout the country<\/span>. <\/span>The majority <\/span>of <\/span>th<\/span>ose <\/span>well-executed <\/span>customer <\/span>surveys <\/span>not only <\/span>dealt with <\/span>the <\/span>particular <\/span>likes and dislikes of <\/span>their <\/span>locally-based <\/span>listen<\/span>ing audience<\/span>; but also, <\/span>provided a boatload of useful hints and <\/span>suggest<\/span>ions intended <\/span>to <\/span>significantly <\/span>improve <\/span>current <\/span>program<\/span> option<\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Such <\/span>was the case<\/span> w<\/span>hen <\/span>marketers for the <\/span>W<\/span>estinghouse <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> tabulated <\/span>their <\/span>own<\/span> <\/span>survey<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>in late <\/span>\u2018<\/span>62<\/span>. <\/span>They <\/span>discovered that t<\/span>he public wanted <\/span>Westinghouse Broadcasting <\/span>to <\/span>modernize <\/span>its <\/span>old fashion <\/span>corporate <\/span>image<\/span>. They saw it <\/span>as a way <\/span>for WBC to <\/span>identify<\/span> <\/span>more directly <\/span>with <\/span>the<\/span>ir many<\/span> listen<\/span>ers<\/span>. <\/span>W<\/span>estinghouse officials<\/span> <\/span>took <\/span>that idea <\/span>to heart and in <\/span>May <\/span>19<\/span>63 <\/span>they <\/span>dramatically<\/span> <\/span>changed <\/span>their <\/span>rather <\/span>outdated <\/span>logo<\/span>.<\/span> Don <\/span>McGannon<\/span> <\/span>saw <\/span>th<\/span>at <\/span>change <\/span>as part of a <\/span>much larger overhaul that would <\/span>lead to <\/span>some <\/span>new programs directed towards younger <\/span>people<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cWestinghouse Broadcasting Unveils Communicative Name,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, May 20, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span>\r\n\r\nWestinghouse<\/span> <\/span>programmers were<\/span> not alone <\/span>in <\/span>revising <\/span>their corporate <\/span>image<\/span>. <\/span>Both <\/span>NBC and <\/span>CBS had <\/span>done <\/span>the same thing <\/span>at <\/span>the beginning of th<\/span>e 1960s<\/span>. <\/span>The <\/span>public loved <\/span>Westinghouse\u2019s<\/span> <\/span>new <\/span>\u201c<\/span>Group W<\/span>\u201d<\/span> <\/span>logo<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>It was cool<\/span>!<\/span> <\/span>Not only did <\/span>it <\/span>embody<\/span> <\/span>a <\/span>mo<\/span>dern <\/span>image: <\/span>but also<\/span>, <\/span>epitomized <\/span>the <\/span>many new <\/span>economic and <\/span>social <\/span>force<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>that w<\/span>ere<\/span> <\/span>sweeping <\/span>across <\/span>the <\/span>radio <\/span>industry<\/span> at that<\/span> very <\/span>time<\/span>. Group W <\/span>publicists made it <\/span>quite <\/span>clear that <\/span>their network <\/span>was not <\/span>some <\/span>enormous<\/span>, <\/span>uncaring<\/span> <\/span>broadcast<\/span>ing company<\/span>; but rather<\/span>, <\/span>six <\/span>independent <\/span>rad<\/span>i<\/span>o and five television <\/span>outlets<\/span> that had <\/span>banned <\/span>together <\/span>to provide the best possible <\/span>news and <\/span>programming<\/span> to its many loyal followers<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>A w<\/span>ell-known i<\/span>ndustrial design<\/span> team <\/span>called <\/span>Lippincott<\/span> and Margulies <\/span>oversaw it<\/span>.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Th<\/span>o<\/span>se <\/span>smartly <\/span>oper<\/span>a<\/span>t<\/span>ed <\/span>local radio <\/span>outlets <\/span>knew <\/span>exactly <\/span>what needed to <\/span>be <\/span>do<\/span>ne<\/span> <\/span>to spruce up their <\/span>co<\/span>rporate <\/span>image <\/span>and <\/span>they were <\/span>more than <\/span>willing <\/span>to <\/span>do <\/span>just that<\/span> to maintain their lead over their competitors<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]\u201cGroup W, A New Name in Broadcasting? Almost,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, May 27, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Exploring new vistas <\/span>enabled <\/span>W<\/span>BC<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>many <\/span>clever <\/span>radio <\/span>personalities <\/span>to make the most <\/span>out <\/span>of their <\/span>limited <\/span>budgets <\/span>while <\/span>still <\/span>outperform<\/span>ing<\/span> <\/span>their <\/span>closest <\/span>rivals<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>You might w<\/span>onder <\/span>whether <\/span>that <\/span>bu<\/span>siness <\/span>approach <\/span>would <\/span>h<\/span>o<\/span>ld <\/span>up over <\/span>time.<\/span> Well, t<\/span>he proof was in the pudding as Westinghouse <\/span>radio <\/span>repeatedly <\/span>achieved <\/span>high <\/span>local <\/span>ratings<\/span> nationwide<\/span> well into the following decade<\/span>. <\/span>As they said <\/span>then <\/span>\u201c<\/span>No one beat<\/span>s<\/span> Westinghouse<\/span> and that\u2019s a fact<\/span>.<\/span>\u201d<\/span> <\/span>T<\/span>h<\/span>eir <\/span>cool DJs<\/span>, <\/span>relevant <\/span>program<\/span>ming<\/span> and <\/span>desirable <\/span>promotions <\/span>became<\/span> <\/span>the <\/span>new <\/span>standard<\/span> <\/span>of <\/span>broadcasting <\/span>excellence <\/span>that was soon <\/span>emulated by <\/span>many <\/span>other<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>from coast to coast<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nThe summer of \u201963 saw <\/span>the retu<\/span>r<\/span>n of <\/span>T<\/span>om Griffiths to <\/span>l<\/span>ate night<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>at KYW <\/span>while <\/span>Carl Reese <\/span>(1931-2014) <\/span>assumed <\/span>the <\/span>early evening <\/span>duties.[footnote]Bert J. Reesing, \u201cHitchcock Grammar Are Odd,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, June 12, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Also, <\/span>KYW\u2019s <\/span>Music Director Jim Leckrone <\/span>(1936-2012) <\/span>was promoted to <\/span>producer <\/span>of <\/span>\u201c<\/span>Contact<\/span>.\u201d <\/span>Like so many other<\/span> <\/span>local radio <\/span>leader<\/span>s<\/span> of the day<\/span>, Leckrone <\/span>ascrib<\/span>ed<\/span> to <\/span>the <\/span>tight<\/span>ly-held<\/span> <\/span>professional <\/span>standards <\/span>first<\/span> <\/span>established <\/span>by <\/span>Bud Wendell<\/span> <\/span>and others <\/span>in the <\/span>rebel rousing <\/span>days of the late <\/span>\u2018<\/span>50s<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Over the years, <\/span>KYW-Radio <\/span>had received its fair share of <\/span>prestigious <\/span>awards <\/span>for its <\/span>many <\/span>outstanding <\/span>community<\/span>-based<\/span> <\/span>programs<\/span>. <\/span>But<\/span>, <\/span>nothing <\/span>seemed to equal <\/span>t<\/span>he American Bar Association<\/span>\u2019s \u201cSilver Gavel Award<\/span>.<\/span>\u201d[footnote]Alvin Beam, \u201cFrom Chairborne to Airborne,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, July 16, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Th<\/span>e<\/span> <\/span>previous <\/span>November<\/span>, <\/span>KY-<\/span>11 <\/span>had broadcasted <\/span>a<\/span> series of interviews <\/span>that <\/span>led to <\/span>a better <\/span>overall <\/span>u<\/span>nderstanding <\/span>of <\/span>how <\/span>the <\/span>l<\/span>aw<\/span> affects <\/span>the average person<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Th<\/span>is <\/span>s<\/span>pecial<\/span> <\/span>award <\/span>thank<\/span>ed <\/span>KYW <\/span>for <\/span>conducting such <\/span>thought provoking <\/span>presentations. <\/span>A<\/span>n <\/span>ad <\/span>in the <\/span>July 23<\/span><\/span>rd<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>Broadcasting, The Business Weekly of Television & Radio<\/span><\/span><\/em> <\/span>proclaimed <\/span>that <\/span>the <\/span>new <\/span>Group \u201c<\/span>W<\/span>\u201d <\/span>now <\/span>had<\/span> <\/span>their own<\/span> <\/span>European<\/span> <\/span>news bureau<\/span> <\/span>head<\/span>ed <\/span>by Rod MacLeish<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cGroup W Means a Direct News Line from the World to Boston, New York, Cleveland, Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne and Chicago,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, July 23, 1963. \u201cWBC to Document Peace Corps,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, June 11, 1962[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>That overseas <\/span>connection <\/span>provide<\/span>d<\/span> <\/span>them <\/span>with <\/span>daily <\/span>news <\/span>feeds <\/span>a<\/span>s well as <\/span>weekly <\/span>summar<\/span>ies <\/span>o<\/span>n<\/span> <\/span>important<\/span> <\/span>world <\/span>events<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nOn August 7<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span>, <\/span>the <\/span>W<\/span>estinghouse Broadcasting Company <\/span>named Don McGannon <\/span>to <\/span>replac<\/span>e<\/span> <\/span>E.V. Huggins<\/span> as its <\/span>board <\/span>chairman<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]\u201cWestinghouse Names Officers,\u201d The New York Times<\/em>, August 8, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>T<\/span>hat <\/span>autumn<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>fed<\/span>eral officials <\/span>mov<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>closer towards <\/span>re<\/span>aching <\/span>a decision <\/span>regarding the <\/span>WRCV <\/span>license <\/span>renewal<\/span> case<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cBroadcast Bureau Charges Coercion by NBC,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, September 30, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>The FCC\u2019s <\/span>Broadcast Bureau <\/span>strongly recommended <\/span>that <\/span>Chief <\/span>Examiner James D. Cunningham <\/span>deny <\/span>NBC\u2019s <\/span>latest <\/span>request.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>It<\/span> <\/span>argued <\/span>that <\/span>the network <\/span>had <\/span>secured <\/span>its Philly outlet <\/span>by <\/span>bullying<\/span> W<\/span>BC <\/span>into <\/span>a<\/span>ccepting <\/span>it<\/span>.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Earlier <\/span>that <\/span>summer<\/span>,<\/span> KYW <\/span>proudly announced the <\/span>hir<\/span>ing of <\/span>Jerry G. <\/span>His fun loving nature <\/span>was <\/span>greatly appreciated a<\/span>t KY-11 <\/span>as <\/span>that station <\/span>e<\/span>volv<\/span>e<\/span>d<\/span> <\/span>from a <\/span>local <\/span>mid<\/span>dle<\/span>-<\/span>of<\/span>-<\/span>the<\/span>-<\/span>road <\/span>music <\/span>and information <\/span>station <\/span>to a <\/span>regional <\/span>Top 40 block buster<\/span> outlet<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cRadio Programs,\u201d Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, November 27, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Jerry (Ghan) (Bishop) <\/span>(1936-2013) <\/span>not only <\/span>had <\/span>the <\/span>privilege <\/span>of <\/span>tour<\/span>ing <\/span>with <\/span>the Beatles <\/span>during <\/span>both <\/span>their <\/span>triumphant <\/span>U.S. tours; but also, <\/span>had <\/span>record<\/span>ed<\/span> his-own <\/span>popular <\/span>45 <\/span>single <\/span>called <\/span>\u201cShe\u2019s Gone.\u201d He replaced Carl Reese who <\/span>would <\/span>later gain<\/span> <\/span>local <\/span>recognition <\/span>as a <\/span>top notch <\/span>broadcaster <\/span>on <\/span>W<\/span>JW <\/span>and W<\/span>CLV-AM.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nJerry G\u2019s <\/span>arrival in Cleveland <\/span>was <\/span>not some <\/span>random <\/span>act<\/span> <\/span>initiated<\/span> by <\/span>desperate <\/span>program<\/span> coordinators <\/span>needing to <\/span>cover <\/span>airtime<\/span> hardly<\/span>.<\/span> H<\/span>e came <\/span>to that city <\/span>at a time <\/span>when <\/span>KYW-AM <\/span>was <\/span>rapidly <\/span>developing into <\/span>a <\/span>Top 40<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span>ensation<\/span>. <\/span>The many <\/span>heated<\/span> <\/span>arguments <\/span>among <\/span>its <\/span>many <\/span>programmers <\/span>over the <\/span>past decade regarding <\/span>the <\/span>long-term <\/span>value <\/span>of <\/span>mid<\/span>dle-of-the-road <\/span>music <\/span>vs. <\/span>rock and roll <\/span>were<\/span> finally <\/span>put to rest<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>All of them <\/span>had to admit <\/span>that <\/span>Top 40<\/span> broadcasting <\/span>was here to stay<\/span> and that <\/span>KY-11 <\/span>need<\/span>ed<\/span> to <\/span>assume a leading role in it<\/span> <\/span>ASAP<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>As you might have <\/span>already <\/span>guessed, t<\/span>he <\/span>big <\/span>question <\/span>facing <\/span>KY<\/span>W<\/span> program <\/span>personnel <\/span>in <\/span>19<\/span>64 <\/span>was <\/span>whether <\/span>th<\/span>at <\/span>outlet <\/span>should <\/span>gradually <\/span>ease <\/span>itself <\/span>into Top 40 by <\/span>embracing <\/span>the <\/span>more<\/span> moderate<\/span> \u201ccontemporary sound\u201d<\/span> <\/span>first <\/span>or <\/span>plunge <\/span>right into <\/span>rock and roll<\/span> without looking back<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>It took <\/span>the <\/span>soaring <\/span>number<\/span>s<\/span> of <\/span>teen<\/span> <\/span>listeners <\/span>in <\/span>the late \u201850s and <\/span>early \u2018<\/span>60s<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>before <\/span>the <\/span>scales <\/span>finally <\/span>tilted <\/span>in favor of <\/span>Top 40<\/span> programming<\/span> over <\/span>the <\/span>more <\/span>mellow<\/span> <\/span>sounds <\/span>of <\/span>\u201c<\/span>contemporary <\/span>music.<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\r\n\r\nHigh<\/span>ly<\/span> vocal<\/span> <\/span>local <\/span>a<\/span>dvertisers<\/span> that <\/span>had <\/span>progressively <\/span>favored fast<\/span>-<\/span>paced <\/span>Top 40 <\/span>format<\/span>s<\/span> over <\/span>more <\/span>\u201ccontemporary sounds<\/span>,<\/span>\u201d also played a <\/span>decisive <\/span>role in <\/span>the <\/span>outcome<\/span>. <\/span>The <\/span>majority of those <\/span>buying spot advertising<\/span> on KY-11<\/span> fully believed that Top 40<\/span> station<\/span>s<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>with <\/span>very <\/span>rare exception<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>gave <\/span>them the <\/span>biggest<\/span> return<\/span>. <\/span>As you m<\/span>ight <\/span>remember, <\/span>KYW-Cleveland <\/span>had <\/span>attempted <\/span>to <\/span>please <\/span>its <\/span>growing <\/span>teen<\/span>age<\/span> audience <\/span>in the late 1950s <\/span>by <\/span>play<\/span>ing <\/span>more <\/span>rock and roll<\/span> <\/span>music <\/span>primarily <\/span>through <\/span>targeted <\/span>programs such as the <\/span>\u201cHi-Fi Club<\/span>.<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>However, <\/span>as everyone <\/span>now knew <\/span>\u201c<\/span>the times<\/span>,<\/span> they were a <\/span>changin.\u201d<\/span> <\/span>Its <\/span>many <\/span>program<\/span> advocates <\/span>also <\/span>fully <\/span>recognized <\/span>that <\/span>most <\/span>Top 40<\/span> outlet<\/span>s <\/span>ma<\/span>de <\/span>t<\/span>on<\/span>s <\/span>of <\/span>money<\/span> <\/span>when <\/span>compared <\/span>to<\/span> <\/span>most of <\/span>their <\/span>rival <\/span>\u201c<\/span>contemporary <\/span>music\u201d <\/span>stations<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>If <\/span>anyone <\/span>had any <\/span>doubts<\/span> <\/span>on that score <\/span>they <\/span>had only <\/span>to <\/span>review <\/span>the <\/span>extraordinary <\/span>success <\/span>of <\/span>lead<\/span>ing <\/span>regional <\/span>AM outl<\/span>e<\/span>ts <\/span>such<\/span> as <\/span>WABC<\/span> in New York<\/span> <\/span>or <\/span>WLS<\/span> in Chicago<\/span>. <\/span>By the <\/span>19<\/span>70s, <\/span>WABC reported <\/span>a <\/span>daily <\/span>listening <\/span>audience<\/span> of over <\/span>8 <\/span>million<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Hard to beat that figure. <\/span>Mid<\/span>-sized <\/span>broadcaster<\/span>s<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>such as KYW<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>full<\/span>y understood <\/span>that <\/span>they <\/span>must follow <\/span>a similar <\/span>programming <\/span>format <\/span>if they <\/span>plann<\/span>ed <\/span>to <\/span>stay <\/span>on <\/span>top<\/span>. <\/span>But, it was more than <\/span>just <\/span>that<\/span> <\/span>realization <\/span>alone<\/span> that sealed the deal<\/span> for leaders such as 1100 AM<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>G<\/span>rowing <\/span>compet<\/span>itive <\/span>by <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>rivals <\/span>such as <\/span>WHK <\/span>and <\/span>WJ<\/span>W<\/span> mad<\/span>e<\/span> that switch imperative<\/span>.<\/span>\r\n\r\n Realizing <\/span>that <\/span>major <\/span>changes were <\/span>about to <\/span>occur prompted <\/span>the <\/span>Board of Directors at the <\/span>W<\/span>estinghouse <\/span>Broadcasting<\/span> Company <\/span>to <\/span>approve the <\/span>transfer <\/span>one of <\/span>its <\/span>brightest <\/span>programmers <\/span>from <\/span>KEX<\/span>-<\/span>P<\/span>ortland<\/span>, OR<\/span> <\/span>to <\/span>K<\/span>YW in <\/span>Cleveland<\/span>, OH<\/span>.<\/span> Within <\/span>a few <\/span>months<\/span>, <\/span>Ken Draper<\/span> <\/span>had <\/span>successfully <\/span>converted <\/span>this <\/span>mid<\/span>dle<\/span>-<\/span>of<\/span>-<\/span>the<\/span>-<\/span>road <\/span>Westinghouse <\/span>broadcaster <\/span>into one of <\/span>this <\/span>nation<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>fastest growing <\/span>Top 40<\/span> <\/span>station<\/span>s<\/span>. <\/span>Now called KY<\/span>-<\/span>11<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>its <\/span>fast-talking, fun<\/span>-<\/span>loving <\/span>radio <\/span>personalities <\/span>were <\/span>some of <\/span>America\u2019s <\/span>fine<\/span>st. <\/span>They <\/span>included Jerry G, Specs Howard, Harry <\/span>Martin<\/span>, <\/span>Jim <\/span>Runyon<\/span> and Jim <\/span>Stagg<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>The addition of <\/span>a host of <\/span>acclaimed<\/span> <\/span>news<\/span>cast<\/span>er<\/span>s a<\/span>long with <\/span>continual <\/span>high <\/span>ratings<\/span> <\/span>was <\/span>the <\/span>icing on the cake<\/span>. <\/span>You might wonder how <\/span>th<\/span>at programming <\/span>change <\/span>affected <\/span>local <\/span>advertis<\/span>ers<\/span>.<\/span> It revolutionized <\/span>everything <\/span>as <\/span>more <\/span>and more <\/span>ad men join<\/span>ed<\/span> the <\/span>growing <\/span>KYW<\/span> <\/span>bandwagon<\/span>. <\/span>S<\/span>kyrocketing <\/span>earnings <\/span>meant that <\/span>this <\/span>Group \u201c<\/span>W<\/span>\u201d <\/span>powerhouse was <\/span>rapidly <\/span>becoming a <\/span>prominent <\/span>force <\/span>with<\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>growing <\/span>Top 40 <\/span>radio <\/span>market<\/span>.<\/span> Everything was cool<\/span> as more <\/span>and more <\/span>people listened to <\/span>the fabulous <\/span>new <\/span>and exciting <\/span>sound<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>resonating <\/span>out of the <\/span>KY-11<\/span> studios<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nO<\/span>n October 20<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span>, <\/span>station officials <\/span>received a<\/span> special <\/span>award <\/span>from the Ohio State Nurses<\/span>\u2019<\/span> Association<\/span> for its <\/span>many <\/span>outstanding <\/span>shows <\/span>promoting better <\/span>health<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]Bert J. Reesing, \u201cNetworks, Stations Must Limit Output,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, October 21, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>I<\/span>nfluential <\/span>leaders <\/span>from <\/span>a variety of <\/span>fields <\/span>such as <\/span>broadcasting, education, entertainment and government <\/span>participated in <\/span>the 5<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> annual <\/span>conference <\/span>held <\/span>in Cleveland <\/span>starting <\/span>on <\/span>November<\/span> 1<\/span>1, 1963<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cWestinghouse Plans Public Service Parley,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, October 28, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Featuring <\/span>comedians <\/span>Steve Allen<\/span> <\/span>(1921-2000) <\/span>and <\/span>Dic<\/span>k Gregory <\/span>(1932-2017) <\/span>a<\/span>long with <\/span>M<\/span>ichael <\/span>H. <\/span>Dann<\/span> (1921-2016)<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>the <\/span>VP of <\/span>CBS <\/span>Programs<\/span>, this <\/span>influential <\/span>g<\/span>athering<\/span> included <\/span>a <\/span>wide <\/span>range of <\/span>well-known <\/span>experts including R<\/span>obert Lewis Shayo<\/span>n<\/span> (1912-2008),<\/span> <\/span>the <\/span>Television Editor of <\/span><\/span>Saturday Review<\/em> and Dr. Henry Lee Smith<\/span> Jr. (1913-1972)<\/span>, <\/span>a <\/span>Professor of Linguistics at SUNY-Buffalo<\/span>. <\/span>Guest speakers included <\/span>the <\/span>U.S. Commissioner of Education Francis Keppel, U.S. Secretary of State Dean Rusk and FCC Chairman E. William Henry.[footnote]\u201cWestinghouse Conference Draws 300 to Cleveland,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, November 11, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Those s<\/span>essions dealt with <\/span>such <\/span>important <\/span>things <\/span>as <\/span>the great<\/span> <\/span>economic <\/span>opportunities<\/span> <\/span>awaiting those <\/span>were <\/span>about to <\/span>enter<\/span> <\/span>either <\/span>advertising <\/span>or <\/span>broadcasting<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nTh<\/span>at same <\/span>autumn, th<\/span>e <\/span>fed<\/span>s <\/span>released <\/span>the latest <\/span><\/span>U.S. Census<\/span><\/span><\/em> <\/span>figures.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Philadelphia<\/span> <\/span>was <\/span>the <\/span>fourth <\/span>largest <\/span>market <\/span>with 4<\/span>.<\/span>3<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> <\/span>people <\/span>while <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>ranked <\/span>eleventh <\/span>at <\/span>1<\/span>.<\/span>9<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cNew Market Area Rankings,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, October 28, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Nineteen sixty-three <\/span>ended <\/span>with <\/span><\/span>The C<\/span>leveland Plain Dealer<\/span><\/span><\/em> <\/span>i<\/span>nterview<\/span>ing <\/span>James P. Storer<\/span> (1927-2012)<\/span>. The <\/span>GM at <\/span>Cleveland<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>W<\/span>JW<\/span>, Storer<\/span> <\/span>made some <\/span>startling <\/span>predictions <\/span>about <\/span>the future of <\/span>radio <\/span>broadcasting<\/span> in the U.S.[footnote]James B. Flanagan, \u201cWJW\u2019s Jim Storer Never Cries Over Blinding Tear Gas Stroke,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, December 28, 1963.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>He <\/span>envisioned<\/span> <\/span>the day when <\/span>music<\/span> and <\/span>not <\/span>talk<\/span> shows<\/span> <\/span>would rule <\/span>the <\/span>local radio <\/span>airways<\/span>. Storer <\/span>also <\/span>hoped that <\/span>his <\/span>company owned and operated <\/span>station <\/span>in Cleveland <\/span>wo<\/span>uld <\/span>continue to <\/span>maintain a prominent place <\/span>in <\/span>local <\/span>broadcasting<\/span>. <\/span>However, he <\/span>had to <\/span>admit that <\/span>WJW<\/span>-Radio<\/span> was <\/span>no match <\/span>against the likes of <\/span>local <\/span>radio <\/span>giants <\/span>such as <\/span>KY<\/span>-11<\/span>.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nThe<\/span> <\/span>commercial radio <\/span>industry <\/span>in 19<\/span>63 <\/span>recorded <\/span>a remarkable 78% increase in <\/span>earnings <\/span>since 1961<\/span>. <\/span>Also, <\/span>billing <\/span>had grown by <\/span>13% <\/span>while <\/span>th<\/span>e <\/span>p<\/span>ercentage <\/span>of <\/span>houses <\/span>with <\/span>one or more <\/span>radios<\/span> had reached <\/span>a new<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>all-time <\/span>high of <\/span>94%<\/span>. <\/span>Similarly<\/span>, w<\/span>eekly <\/span>radio <\/span>l<\/span>istening time <\/span>had <\/span>nearly <\/span>top <\/span>100 <\/span>minute<\/span>s<\/span> while <\/span>somewhere around <\/span>14<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> <\/span>to <\/span>15<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> <\/span>homes <\/span>regularly tuned in<\/span>to<\/span> <\/span>FM <\/span>broadcasts<\/span>. <\/span>Ken <\/span>Draper <\/span>introduced <\/span>two <\/span>major <\/span>changes<\/span> <\/span>to <\/span>the KYW <\/span>daily <\/span>radio <\/span>lineup <\/span>starting <\/span>in January, <\/span>19<\/span>64<\/span>. <\/span>The first one involved <\/span>Al James <\/span>who <\/span>brief<\/span>ly <\/span>took <\/span>over the <\/span>Midn<\/span>ight <\/span>time <\/span>slot <\/span>following <\/span>the <\/span>resignation <\/span>of <\/span>Thomas Griffith<\/span>s.[footnote]James B. Flanagan, \u201cSportscaster McKay Spends Days Off Watching Sports,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, January 15, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>The second change concerned <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>well-<\/span>respected<\/span> <\/span>linguist <\/span>and <\/span>national<\/span>ly-recognized<\/span> <\/span>television celebrity <\/span>named <\/span>Bergen <\/span>B. <\/span>Evans<\/span>. He <\/span>now <\/span>host<\/span>ed<\/span> a <\/span>new <\/span>Wednesday<\/span> <\/span>night<\/span> show<\/span> <\/span>on KYW-Radio <\/span>called <\/span>\u201cWords in the News<\/span>.<\/span>\u201d<\/span> It <\/span>immediately <\/span>followed <\/span>\u201cContact.\u201d[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nOne <\/span>writer <\/span>at <\/span><\/span>The C<\/span>leveland Plain Dealer,<\/span><\/span><\/em> Ja<\/span>mes B. Flanagan, wrote a<\/span>n in-depth <\/span>piece on January 18<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> <\/span>devoted to <\/span>KYW<\/span>-Radio<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>highly successful <\/span>morning <\/span>team of <\/span>Mar<\/span>t<\/span>in & Howard<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>He <\/span>had to <\/span>admit <\/span>that it took him <\/span>a while before he <\/span>fully <\/span>appreciate<\/span>d<\/span> their <\/span>off<\/span>-the-wall <\/span>humor.[footnote]James B. Flanagan, \u201cMartin-Howard Rouse Drowsy with Corny Humor, Zippy Music,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, January 18, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>But<\/span>, he <\/span>also <\/span>had to <\/span>confess <\/span>that once you got <\/span>used<\/span> to <\/span>it <\/span>they were <\/span>hilarious<\/span>. Debuting i<\/span>n July \u2018<\/span>62, <\/span>this <\/span>dynamic <\/span>duo <\/span>had to fill the <\/span>large <\/span>void <\/span>created when <\/span>the city\u2019s favorite <\/span>Big Wilson<\/span> left Cleveland<\/span>. <\/span>T<\/span>hey d<\/span>id it <\/span>admirably<\/span> with <\/span>memorable <\/span>offbeat <\/span>characters <\/span>such as <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>songwriter <\/span>named <\/span>Clark Freeway; a drunk <\/span>known as <\/span>Barney Gulch<\/span> and <\/span>two <\/span>prissy <\/span>nieces appropriately <\/span>call<\/span>ed Bertha and Millicent Bandelaise Brown<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Both jocks <\/span>had <\/span>engaged in <\/span>some <\/span>acting<\/span> <\/span>in college<\/span> <\/span>with <\/span>Harry <\/span>Martin <\/span>singing <\/span>briefly <\/span>with <\/span>the <\/span>Robert Shaw<\/span> chorale<\/span>. <\/span>W<\/span>ith <\/span>zany antics <\/span>and <\/span>a host of <\/span>corny jokes<\/span> ready to go<\/span> <\/span>at any <\/span>minute<\/span>,<\/span> Martin & Howard <\/span>rapidly <\/span>became <\/span>local <\/span>broadcasting <\/span>legend<\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Their combined <\/span>talents<\/span> <\/span>made <\/span>KY-11 <\/span>the <\/span>prime <\/span>lea<\/span>der <\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>local <\/span>Top 40<\/span> <\/span>market<\/span> <\/span>by the <\/span>mid<\/span>-<\/span>\u201860s<\/span>.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nFebruary <\/span>19<\/span>64 <\/span>saw <\/span>the arrival of <\/span>another <\/span>popular <\/span>DJ <\/span>that <\/span>was destined <\/span>for stardom<\/span>. <\/span>A Miami<\/span> entertainer<\/span> and brother of <\/span>the <\/span>popular <\/span>Hollywood <\/span>actor Larry Storch<\/span>, <\/span>Jay Lawrence <\/span>found himself drawn to <\/span>the city of <\/span>Cleveland by the <\/span>phenomenal<\/span> <\/span>success of KY<\/span>W-Radio.[footnote]\u201cSchedule of Saturday Radio Programs,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, February 8, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Everyone in commercial radio<\/span> <\/span>was talking about <\/span>that AM station<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>and why not<\/span>. <\/span>Lawrence <\/span>quickly became <\/span>a<\/span>n influential <\/span>force in <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>radio <\/span>until 19<\/span>68 <\/span>when<\/span> he <\/span>left <\/span>for Los Angeles<\/span>. He <\/span>later <\/span>di<\/span>d <\/span>broadcast<\/span> <\/span>stints <\/span>on both <\/span>WNEW-<\/span>New York and KTAR<\/span>-<\/span>Phoenix. <\/span>M<\/span>ore recently,<\/span> he <\/span>served as <\/span>a<\/span>n<\/span> <\/span>Arizona State Congressman. <\/span>Without a doubt, <\/span>his <\/span>successful broadcasting <\/span>career <\/span>in <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>began <\/span>whe<\/span>n <\/span>he <\/span>took over <\/span>the <\/span>12 <\/span>Midnight<\/span> <\/span>slot<\/span>. <\/span>Lawrence\u2019s colleague <\/span>Jim Stagg <\/span>also <\/span>made <\/span>quite <\/span>a name for himself that <\/span>same <\/span>winter <\/span>when <\/span>he <\/span>hiked <\/span>all the way <\/span>from Akron to Cleveland <\/span>for <\/span>the March of Dimes.[footnote]James B. Flanagan, \u201cDisc Jockey\u2019s Life Not Easy, Says Stuntman Jim Stagg,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, February 29, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>When <\/span>station <\/span>officials praised him for <\/span>t<\/span>his <\/span>daring <\/span>effort<\/span>, he <\/span>simply <\/span>shrugged it off saying that it <\/span>was <\/span>a <\/span>part of <\/span>his job.<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nKYW\u2019s <\/span>high <\/span>ratings <\/span>in <\/span>March <\/span>1964 <\/span>demonstrated <\/span>Ken Draper\u2019s <\/span>program <\/span>mastery<\/span> at its <\/span>finest<\/span>. He <\/span>was doing <\/span>all the <\/span>right<\/span> things<\/span> <\/span>repeatedly.<\/span>[footnote]Alvin Beam, \u201cWHK\u2019s Rock \u2018n\u2019 Roll Sound Runs into Challenge by KYW,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, March 7, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Th<\/span>e station\u2019<\/span>s <\/span>new and <\/span>exciting <\/span>rock and roll <\/span>format <\/span>did <\/span>n<\/span>ot <\/span>represent <\/span>some <\/span>half-baked<\/span> <\/span>idea that w<\/span>ould <\/span>explode<\/span> <\/span>in their face <\/span>at <\/span>any moment<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Everything <\/span>affecting <\/span>daily <\/span>programming <\/span>was <\/span>carefully<\/span> orchestrated<\/span> <\/span>by <\/span>Ken <\/span>Draper<\/span> and his <\/span>in<\/span>novated <\/span>crew<\/span>. <\/span>At the same time<\/span>, <\/span>his <\/span>seemingly <\/span>off-handed approach <\/span>towards <\/span>it <\/span>all <\/span>left <\/span>the <\/span>r<\/span>e<\/span>st of <\/span>Cleveland<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> radio <\/span>managers <\/span>f<\/span>rantically <\/span>searching <\/span>around <\/span>for <\/span>their own<\/span> <\/span>new <\/span>format. <\/span>Nothing seemed outside <\/span>their capabilities<\/span> <\/span>a<\/span>nd yet everything seem<\/span>ed <\/span>just <\/span>beyond their <\/span>immediate <\/span>grasp. <\/span>However, <\/span>th<\/span>e <\/span>internal <\/span>programming <\/span>struggles <\/span>and turmoil <\/span>f<\/span>ac<\/span>ing <\/span>so many <\/span>of <\/span>KYW\u2019s <\/span>local <\/span>competitors <\/span>in early <\/span>\u2018<\/span>64 <\/span>rarely <\/span>reached <\/span>the <\/span>public<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>In fact, <\/span>radio leaders <\/span>appeared not to <\/span>care <\/span>in the least <\/span>as to what <\/span>KY-11<\/span> was doing<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Nowhere<\/span> was that more evident than in <\/span>a<\/span> special <\/span>in<\/span>terview<\/span> <\/span>conducted <\/span>by <\/span>Alvin Bean of <\/span><\/span>The C<\/span>leveland Plain Dealer<\/span><\/span><\/em> <\/span>with J<\/span>ack <\/span>G. <\/span>Thayer <\/span>(1922-1996)<\/span> the GM and VP<\/span> <\/span>at WHK. Thayer <\/span>expressed every <\/span>confidence that <\/span>his <\/span>successful <\/span>o<\/span>utlet <\/span>could <\/span>easily <\/span>ride out the <\/span>present <\/span>ratings <\/span>storm<\/span>.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>He <\/span>was equally <\/span>sure that <\/span>the <\/span>Cleveland<\/span> <\/span>market would not have any trouble<\/span> <\/span>support<\/span>ing <\/span>several high <\/span>quality <\/span>\u201ccontemporary music\u201d <\/span>AM <\/span>s<\/span>tations<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Thayer <\/span>firmly <\/span>believed <\/span>that<\/span> t<\/span>he time was right for <\/span>such <\/span>massive <\/span>programming <\/span>change<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>and <\/span>that<\/span> <\/span>KYW\u2019s <\/span>recent <\/span>antics<\/span> <\/span>both <\/span>on and off the air <\/span>might <\/span>produce the exact opposite effect<\/span> <\/span>it wanted <\/span>with<\/span> <\/span>its many<\/span> Cleveland listen<\/span>ers<\/span>. Instead of g<\/span>uaranteeing <\/span>fan loyalty<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>its recent actions <\/span>might encourage <\/span>some of <\/span>them <\/span>to make the <\/span>switch <\/span>t<\/span>o <\/span>the <\/span>all-<\/span>new <\/span>adult sound<\/span>s <\/span>of <\/span>WHK<\/span> at 1420 on your AM dial<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0A <\/span>thoroughly competent <\/span>and <\/span>highly <\/span>respected <\/span>leader<\/span>, <\/span>Thayer <\/span>later <\/span>became <\/span>President<\/span> of the National Broadcasting Company<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nIf you think <\/span>for one moment <\/span>that <\/span>Ken Draper gloated <\/span>over h<\/span>is recent success you\u2019d be <\/span>dead <\/span>wrong. If anything, he <\/span>often tended to <\/span>downplay<\/span> his<\/span> many program<\/span> triumphs<\/span>. H<\/span>owever, <\/span>that did not prevent him from <\/span>tak<\/span>ing<\/span> <\/span>great <\/span>pride in the fact that <\/span>a <\/span>highly respected, <\/span>unnamed <\/span>rating <\/span>service <\/span>had purposely <\/span>gone out of its way to <\/span>congratulate <\/span>him <\/span>on <\/span>his<\/span> <\/span>outstanding <\/span>program<\/span> achievements<\/span>.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>When all was said and done<\/span>, <\/span>KYW and WHK <\/span>jointly <\/span>controlled <\/span>about 50% of <\/span>Cleveland<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> <\/span>early \u201964 <\/span>radio <\/span>market<\/span>.<\/span> What gave WHK a slight edge <\/span>in the <\/span>local <\/span>ratings <\/span>occurred <\/span>later <\/span>that <\/span>same <\/span>year when 1420<\/span>-<\/span>AM <\/span>w<\/span>as named <\/span>the <\/span>\u201c<\/span>official<\/span> <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>station<\/span>\u201d<\/span> f<\/span>or<\/span> the <\/span>Beatles<\/span>.<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nG<\/span>uess<\/span> what, <\/span>the legal bickering <\/span>occurring <\/span>in Phil<\/span>adelphia<\/span> <\/span>over the NBC license renewal <\/span>continued<\/span> <\/span>right <\/span>into <\/span>the spring of <\/span>\u201964 <\/span>with no <\/span>apparent <\/span>end in sight<\/span>. However, t<\/span>h<\/span>e<\/span> prolonged legal <\/span>battle <\/span>between <\/span>Philco <\/span>a<\/span>nd <\/span>NBC <\/span>appeared <\/span>to <\/span>have <\/span>turn<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>a <\/span>corner <\/span>that <\/span>March.[footnote]\u201cNBC-Philco Reargue for Channel 3,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, March 30, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>In <\/span>its <\/span>closing<\/span> argument<\/span>s<\/span>, <\/span>Philco<\/span> <\/span>made it <\/span>incredibly <\/span>clear that the public<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> interest would not be served if <\/span>the FCC granted <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>Company<\/span> <\/span>its <\/span>license<\/span> renewal<\/span>. <\/span>T<\/span>he <\/span>rapidly <\/span>approaching <\/span>June 30<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> deadline <\/span>requiring <\/span>that <\/span>this prime <\/span>network <\/span>rid <\/span>itself <\/span>of <\/span>its Philly station <\/span>only <\/span>add<\/span>ed <\/span>further <\/span>fuel <\/span>to th<\/span>is <\/span>already <\/span>raging <\/span>legal <\/span>fire<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Chief Examiner Cunningham<\/span>\u2019s earlier <\/span>recommend<\/span>ation<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>that <\/span>had <\/span>called for <\/span>the FCC to <\/span>approv<\/span>e<\/span> <\/span>both <\/span>the <\/span>NBC <\/span>license <\/span>re<\/span>newal <\/span>a<\/span>nd <\/span>RKO <\/span>exchange <\/span>only <\/span>mudd<\/span>ied <\/span>th<\/span>os<\/span>e <\/span>legal <\/span>waters<\/span> <\/span>more<\/span>.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Who would have <\/span>ever <\/span>imagined that the <\/span>commission\u2019s<\/span> <\/span>Broadcasting Bureau<\/span> would <\/span>ever <\/span>humb<\/span>l<\/span>e itself <\/span>enough <\/span>to <\/span>support Philco<\/span>\u2019s claims<\/span> over <\/span>those <\/span>articulated <\/span>by RCA-<\/span>NBC?<\/span> B<\/span>ut<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>that<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>exactly what <\/span>happene<\/span>d<\/span> <\/span>that <\/span>spring<\/span>. <\/span>The Bureau argued <\/span>that <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> <\/span>had <\/span>a <\/span>long<\/span> <\/span>history <\/span>of <\/span>coercing <\/span>other<\/span> <\/span>broadcast<\/span>ing companies <\/span>in<\/span>to accept<\/span>ing<\/span> <\/span>their <\/span>questionable <\/span>offer<\/span>s<\/span>. The <\/span>mounting <\/span>pressure placed on Westinghouse<\/span>\u2019s legal counsel<\/span> <\/span>by <\/span>RCA-<\/span>NBC <\/span>in the <\/span>mid-<\/span>1950s<\/span> <\/span>to accept the <\/span>station swap <\/span>show<\/span>ed <\/span>the extent to which <\/span>that network <\/span>w<\/span>as willing to go <\/span>to achieve its <\/span>highly <\/span>ambitious <\/span>business <\/span>goals<\/span> and objectives<\/span>. <\/span>The b<\/span>ureau said that <\/span>NBC must be punished<\/span> for <\/span>its <\/span>unfair actions<\/span>.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nNBC<\/span>\u2019s counsel<\/span> <\/span>responded <\/span>to Philco\u2019s direct assault <\/span>by <\/span>challenging <\/span>the <\/span>legal <\/span>motives<\/span> <\/span>responsible for <\/span>Philco\u2019s recent <\/span>unprecedented <\/span>actions<\/span>. The network\u2019s legal team<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>further claimed <\/span>that <\/span>Philco\u2019s <\/span>original <\/span>legal o<\/span>bjection <\/span>to <\/span>NBC<\/span> receiving its <\/span>license renewal <\/span>symbolized <\/span>a <\/span>feeble<\/span> <\/span>attempt <\/span>by that Philadelphia-based corporation <\/span>to <\/span>justify <\/span>its <\/span>pending <\/span>$150<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> <\/span>patent suit <\/span>against <\/span>RCA-NBC<\/span>.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote] <\/span>As you might have <\/span>already <\/span>figured out, <\/span>NBC\u2019s signing<\/span> <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>DOJ <\/span>consent decree <\/span>took <\/span>much of <\/span>the wind out of <\/span>Philco\u2019s <\/span>legal <\/span>sails by <\/span>provided <\/span>NBC<\/span> <\/span>lawyers <\/span>some <\/span>sorely needed <\/span>time <\/span>in <\/span>which <\/span>to <\/span>build up <\/span>a<\/span>n <\/span>airtight <\/span>defense<\/span>. <\/span>Philco <\/span>now <\/span>had to <\/span>face the fact that it would have to <\/span>come up <\/span>very <\/span>quickly <\/span>with <\/span>a new <\/span>legal <\/span>justification for <\/span>introducing <\/span>its l<\/span>atest <\/span>suit <\/span>intended to <\/span>gain <\/span>WRCV<\/span>-TV<\/span>. <\/span>Its<\/span> hastily conceived <\/span>suit <\/span>represented <\/span>it<\/span>s <\/span>latest<\/span> <\/span>attempt to right this <\/span>alleged <\/span>wrong<\/span>.<\/span>\r\n\r\nThe i<\/span>ron<\/span>y <\/span>in <\/span>all of <\/span>this was not lost <\/span>to <\/span>NBC<\/span>s <\/span>very <\/span>sharp <\/span>defen<\/span>se <\/span>team<\/span>. <\/span>After all, <\/span>its <\/span>network leaders <\/span>knew <\/span>full-well <\/span>that <\/span>the <\/span>Philco <\/span>Corporation <\/span>had <\/span>not hesitated in the <\/span>le<\/span>a<\/span>st <\/span>eleven years earlier <\/span>when it <\/span>sold that same <\/span>Philadelphia <\/span>station <\/span>to W<\/span>estinghouse<\/span> for a high price<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>In spite of <\/span>all <\/span>the recent <\/span>hype to the contrary, <\/span>Philco<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>in the early 1950s<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>had <\/span>not <\/span>come up with <\/span>any <\/span>worthwhile <\/span>new <\/span>business strategy <\/span>intended <\/span>to <\/span>ensure <\/span>the <\/span>long-term <\/span>loyalty of <\/span>its <\/span>growing <\/span>listening <\/span>audience<\/span> <\/span>i<\/span>n <\/span>P<\/span>hiladelphia<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Instead, it took the first train out<\/span> <\/span>of town <\/span>when <\/span>a <\/span>legitimate <\/span>bu<\/span>y<\/span>er <\/span>showed up<\/span>. <\/span>Philco<\/span> <\/span>countered <\/span>those arguments <\/span>by <\/span>remind<\/span>ed<\/span> the <\/span>feds <\/span>that NBC<\/span>,<\/span> and <\/span>not <\/span>Philco<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>had used coerci<\/span>ve tactics <\/span>to force <\/span>the <\/span>Westinghouse <\/span>Broadcasting <\/span>Company <\/span>in<\/span>to agreeing to the <\/span>\u2018<\/span>56 <\/span>exchange<\/span>. <\/span>Considered by many leg<\/span>al experts <\/span>as <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>compelling <\/span>argument, the <\/span>fed<\/span>eral government <\/span>still <\/span>remained unmoved<\/span> by <\/span>the logical case presented by <\/span>Philco\u2019s <\/span>legal staff<\/span>. <\/span>Federal officials <\/span>claim<\/span>ed that Philco\u2019s arguments<\/span> <\/span>w<\/span>eren\u2019t <\/span>nearly <\/span>sufficient<\/span> <\/span>based on <\/span>the <\/span>seriousness <\/span>of th<\/span>os<\/span>e charges<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nIn <\/span>what many<\/span> critics considered <\/span>to be <\/span>a <\/span>very <\/span>bold move, <\/span>Group <\/span>W <\/span>President McGannon strongly suggested <\/span>that <\/span>m<\/span>ore <\/span>broadcasters<\/span> become <\/span>involved <\/span>in the <\/span>civil rights<\/span> <\/span>movement<\/span> <\/span>and <\/span>in <\/span>fight<\/span>ing <\/span>poverty<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cMcGannon Calls for Leadership,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, April 13, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>A <\/span>recent<\/span> <\/span>recipient of the National Association of Broadcasters\u2019 Distinguished Service Award, <\/span>Don <\/span>McGannon <\/span>further <\/span>contende<\/span>d that <\/span>the radio-industry had an obligation <\/span>to <\/span>its listeners to <\/span>expose <\/span>arrogant<\/span> <\/span>business leaders and <\/span>dishonest <\/span>politic<\/span>ians<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>He <\/span>concluded that fighting <\/span>corruption <\/span>everywhere <\/span>year after year <\/span>only helped to <\/span>ma<\/span>k<\/span>e <\/span>th<\/span>is<\/span> country <\/span>stronger<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>That <\/span>May<\/span>, two <\/span>clever <\/span>North Olmsted High School <\/span>students <\/span>form<\/span>ed <\/span>the <\/span>Hugh Danaceau Fan Club<\/span>.[footnote]Bert J. Reesing, \u201cWJW Will Pick Up Another Big Band,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, May 1, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>A<\/span> <\/span>popular <\/span>KYW newscaste<\/span>r in the <\/span>early <\/span>19<\/span>60s<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>Danaceau\u2019s broadcasting<\/span> career <\/span>span<\/span>ned<\/span> <\/span>six decades<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>KY<\/span>-<\/span>11<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>Jim <\/span>Runyon<\/span> <\/span>(1931-1973) <\/span>warned <\/span>club members <\/span>that if <\/span>he <\/span>r<\/span>a<\/span>n <\/span>a <\/span>record <\/span>hop <\/span>he would <\/span>probably <\/span>play <\/span>Edward R<\/span>.<\/span> Murrow<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> \u201c<\/span>Hear It N<\/span>ow\u201d<\/span> <\/span>record<\/span>ing<\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>That same month, <\/span>KYW-Radio <\/span>won the <\/span>local <\/span>ratings war <\/span>again beating <\/span>its chief rival <\/span>WHK.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\u00a0Not <\/span>too <\/span>bad for <\/span>the new<\/span>est<\/span> kid on the block<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nT<\/span>h<\/span>at<\/span> <\/span>messy <\/span>RKO<\/span>-General<\/span> <\/span>petition <\/span>ran into <\/span>a<\/span>n<\/span>other<\/span> <\/span>roadblock <\/span>in <\/span>mid<\/span>-June<\/span>. <\/span>The <\/span>possibility <\/span>that WRCV might <\/span>be <\/span>compelled to stop broadcasting <\/span>if NBC <\/span>failed to <\/span>comply with the DOJ <\/span>deadline <\/span>only <\/span>worse<\/span>ned<\/span> <\/span>when <\/span>it<\/span>s legal team <\/span>discovered <\/span>that the <\/span>new <\/span>FCC <\/span>ruling prohibit<\/span>ing<\/span> <\/span>different <\/span>television <\/span>facilities<\/span> <\/span>from <\/span>overlapping <\/span>might <\/span>apply <\/span>to its client<\/span>. <\/span>T<\/span>h<\/span>is <\/span>new <\/span>rul<\/span>ing<\/span> <\/span>specified <\/span>a <\/span>\u201cminimum separation for all classes of stations.\u201d[footnote]\u201cPhiladelphia Dilemma,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, June 15, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Regrettably, <\/span>the broadcasting radius of <\/span>WOR-<\/span>TV <\/span>New York<\/span> <\/span>and <\/span>WRCV-<\/span>TV <\/span>Philadelphia<\/span> <\/span>intersected<\/span>. <\/span>The only <\/span>legal <\/span>way <\/span>out <\/span>w<\/span>as <\/span>to <\/span>ask <\/span>the FCC to exempt it<\/span>s <\/span>recent <\/span>application by invoking <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>carefully devised <\/span>grandfather <\/span>clause<\/span>.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>However, that <\/span>seemed<\/span> <\/span>highly <\/span>unlikely<\/span> given the <\/span>current <\/span>hubbub <\/span>over th<\/span>at<\/span> <\/span>possible <\/span>trade<\/span>.<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nAs <\/span>noted <\/span>earlier, \u201cThe Cleveland Long Song\u201d also <\/span>called <\/span>\u201cThe Best Locat<\/span>ion Song\u201d debuted on June 18, <\/span>19<\/span>64.[footnote]\u201cShoppers to Hear Best Location Song,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, June 18, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>P<\/span>romoters <\/span>asked random <\/span>shoppers to <\/span>listen to <\/span>it<\/span>. N<\/span>early e<\/span>veryone <\/span>loved <\/span>this tune<\/span>. <\/span>Throughout that summer, <\/span>Martin & Howard <\/span>continually <\/span>p<\/span>layed <\/span>the <\/span>week<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>top ten<\/span> <\/span>hits as part of <\/span>the<\/span> <\/span>\u201cKYW Sound-11 Survey.\u201d <\/span>During <\/span>th<\/span>e week of <\/span>June 19<\/span><\/span>th,<\/span><\/span> <\/span>the top spot <\/span>belonged to<\/span> Billy J. Kramer<\/span>\u2019s \u201cLittle Chi<\/span>l<\/span>dren\u201d<\/span> <\/span>w<\/span>ith <\/span>S<\/span>tan <\/span>Getz & <\/span>Astrud Gilberto<\/span>\u2019s \u201cGirl from <\/span>Ipanema\u201d<\/span> <\/span>holding the <\/span>number ten<\/span> <\/span>slot<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Bobby Freeman\u2019s <\/span>\u201cC\u2019mon & Swim\u201d<\/span> was <\/span>the <\/span>KYW <\/span>\u201c<\/span>Pick of the Week.\u201d[footnote]\u201cMartin & Howard\u2019s Pick Hit,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, June 20, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>As expect<\/span>ed<\/span>, <\/span>W<\/span>BC <\/span>went all out <\/span>for <\/span>the <\/span>\u2018<\/span>64 <\/span>Presidential C<\/span>onventions<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Team c<\/span>overage <\/span>included <\/span>thirty <\/span>reporters <\/span>head<\/span>ed <\/span>by <\/span>its <\/span>highly <\/span>respected <\/span>National <\/span>News <\/span>Director Jim<\/span> Snyder<\/span> (1925-2001)<\/span>. The Editor<\/span>-in-Chief<\/span> of the <\/span><\/span>Christian Science Monitor<\/span><\/span><\/em> Erwin Canham<\/span> (1904-1982)<\/span> along with <\/span>author and <\/span>arts <\/span>critic Gore Vidal<\/span> (1925-2012)<\/span>, Pulitzer <\/span>Prize<\/span> winning playwright Marc Connelly <\/span>(1890-1980) <\/span>and noted historian Allan Nevins<\/span> (1890-1971)<\/span> <\/span>provided<\/span> expert<\/span> <\/span>commentary.<\/span>[footnote]\u201cWBC Sets Intensive Election-Year Coverage,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, June 22, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Th<\/span>e summertime blues <\/span>finally<\/span> <\/span>hit <\/span>t<\/span>wo Willoughby<\/span> <\/span>students <\/span>who <\/span>br<\/span>oke the <\/span>spell by <\/span>conduct<\/span>ing<\/span> <\/span>their own<\/span> <\/span>KYW <\/span>listening marathon.<\/span> Both said <\/span>th<\/span>at their <\/span>forty-two <\/span>hour marathon <\/span>was <\/span>rewarding<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]Bert J. Reesing, \u201cTwo Willoughby Youths Stage Summer Listening Marathon,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, June 23, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nN<\/span>ational<\/span>l<\/span>y<\/span>, t<\/span>he U.S. <\/span>3<\/span><\/span>rd<\/span><\/span> <\/span>District Court <\/span>in Philadelphia <\/span>granted NBC <\/span>its <\/span>second <\/span>90 <\/span>day <\/span>station <\/span>extensi<\/span>on<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cNBC Gets Extension on Philadelphia Case,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, June 29, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>T<\/span>h<\/span>at July, th<\/span>e<\/span> FCC <\/span>said <\/span>that <\/span>its <\/span>new <\/span>overlap<\/span>ping<\/span> <\/span>rul<\/span>e<\/span> <\/span>would <\/span>not apply to <\/span>applications <\/span>submitted before <\/span>June 9<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> <\/span>which <\/span>includ<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>the <\/span>RKO<\/span>-General<\/span> request<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cFCC Clarifies Overlap Rules,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, July 13, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Later that <\/span>same <\/span>month, <\/span>promoters advertise<\/span>d a Ruggles Beach <\/span>extravaganza <\/span>that <\/span>featur<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>Jerry G<\/span> a<\/span>nd<\/span> <\/span>t<\/span>wo<\/span> <\/span>very popular <\/span>singing groups the <\/span>Majestics and the Secrets.[footnote]\u201cThe Note Ruggles Beach,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, July 17, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Th<\/span>e <\/span>t<\/span>op three <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>outlets reported a $773,000 revenue increase <\/span>over <\/span>the previous year<\/span> <\/span>w<\/span>ith <\/span>spot advertising improv<\/span>ing <\/span>by <\/span>an impressive <\/span>$1.<\/span>03<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cIndividual Market Revenue for 1963 Compared with 1962,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, July 27, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>The long awaited <\/span>federal <\/span>decision <\/span>concerning <\/span>the <\/span>Westinghouse <\/span>trade <\/span>was rendered <\/span>on <\/span>J<\/span>uly 30<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>The <\/span>commission <\/span>by a five to <\/span>nothing <\/span>vote ordered NBC<\/span> and W<\/span>BC <\/span>to <\/span>reverse <\/span>their <\/span>Cleveland and Philly <\/span>stations<\/span>. That meant th<\/span>ey <\/span>must <\/span>return <\/span>to their original home base<\/span>s<\/span>. Th<\/span>is latest <\/span>act<\/span>ion <\/span>by the feds <\/span>overturned th<\/span>at federal regulatory agency\u2019<\/span>s <\/span>decision<\/span> <\/span>rendered <\/span>eight years<\/span> earlier<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>The <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany <\/span>immediately <\/span>compl<\/span>ied <\/span>with the order<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cNBC Accepts Trade with Westinghouse,\u201d The New York Times<\/em>, September 29, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Reoccurring occasions of <\/span>RCA-<\/span>NBC<\/span> <\/span>employing <\/span>strong-armed <\/span>tactics <\/span>against <\/span>smaller broadcast<\/span>ing companies <\/span>suc<\/span>h<\/span> as W<\/span>estinghouse <\/span>led to that <\/span>decision<\/span>. <\/span>At the same time, t<\/span>h<\/span>e <\/span>commission also <\/span>flatly <\/span>denied <\/span>the <\/span>RKO<\/span>-General<\/span> petition<\/span>. It <\/span>claim<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>that <\/span>such an exchange <\/span>would <\/span>have <\/span>give<\/span>n<\/span> <\/span>a<\/span>n <\/span>overwhelming business<\/span> <\/span>advantage <\/span>to <\/span>th<\/span>os<\/span>e <\/span>two <\/span>networks<\/span>. More importantly, <\/span>i<\/span>f <\/span>that petition had <\/span>stood it <\/span>would <\/span>have <\/span>afforded <\/span>NBC <\/span>unlimited<\/span> opportunities within the <\/span>growing <\/span>Boston <\/span>market<\/span>. <\/span>In terms of the <\/span>mandated <\/span>reversal, <\/span>the FCC <\/span>totally ignored <\/span>the $3<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> <\/span>paid by <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> <\/span>to <\/span>the <\/span>W<\/span>estinghouse <\/span>Broadcasting<\/span> <\/span>C<\/span>ompany <\/span>in order<\/span> <\/span>to <\/span>seal the deal<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]Eileen Shanahan, \u201cFCC Bids NBC Return Station,\u201d The New York Times<\/em>, July 30, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>With<\/span> the i<\/span>nten<\/span>tion of <\/span>complet<\/span>ing <\/span>th<\/span>is <\/span>latest <\/span>station <\/span>reversal <\/span>ASAP;<\/span> <\/span>the feds <\/span>awarded <\/span>RCA-<\/span>NBC <\/span>a <\/span>two-month <\/span>provisional <\/span>extension of its <\/span>current <\/span>WRCV <\/span>license.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nThroughout <\/span>this <\/span>grueling<\/span> <\/span>legal <\/span>process<\/span>, <\/span>t<\/span>h<\/span>e F<\/span>ederal <\/span>Communications<\/span> <\/span>C<\/span>ommission<\/span> <\/span>di<\/span>d <\/span>not<\/span> <\/span>hold any meetings <\/span>with <\/span>other<\/span> <\/span>local <\/span>broadcasters <\/span>interest<\/span>ed<\/span> in <\/span>procuring<\/span> <\/span>NBC<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> <\/span>television <\/span>rights in Cleveland<\/span>.<\/span> A<\/span>p<\/span>p<\/span>arently<\/span>, <\/span>th<\/span>at <\/span>federal <\/span>regulatory agency firmly <\/span>believed that <\/span>the <\/span>public<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> interest<\/span> w<\/span>ould be <\/span>best <\/span>served <\/span>by returning th<\/span>ose<\/span> stations<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>as is, <\/span>to <\/span>their <\/span>origin<\/span>al <\/span>cities<\/span>. <\/span>At <\/span>long <\/span>last, the <\/span>feds <\/span>had <\/span>resolved <\/span>th<\/span>at <\/span>legal <\/span>mess<\/span> and they <\/span>were not about to <\/span>ignite <\/span>it up <\/span>again<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cPhiladelphia Circle is Complete,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, August 3, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Th<\/span>e<\/span> <\/span>lopsided<\/span> <\/span>nature of the <\/span>\u2018<\/span>56 <\/span>swap <\/span>became <\/span>even more <\/span>apparent <\/span>when <\/span>further <\/span>i<\/span>nvestigat<\/span>ions <\/span>revealed that NBC<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>owned and operated <\/span>WRCV <\/span>had<\/span> <\/span>generated far <\/span>higher profit<\/span>s <\/span>annual<\/span>ly<\/span> <\/span>than <\/span>W<\/span>estinghouse\u2019s <\/span>KYW.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>FCC <\/span>commissioners <\/span>further <\/span>d<\/span>iscovered<\/span> that <\/span>the <\/span>unwanted business <\/span>pressures <\/span>leashed <\/span>a<\/span>gainst <\/span>the <\/span>W<\/span>estinghouse <\/span>Broadcasting<\/span> <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> <\/span>had <\/span>only <\/span>served to <\/span>increase <\/span>NBC\u2019s <\/span>earlier <\/span>business <\/span>lead <\/span>over <\/span>its <\/span>less than enthusiastic <\/span>business <\/span>partner<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>T<\/span>hat<\/span> revelation was <\/span>not <\/span>so <\/span>surprising<\/span> <\/span>in itself <\/span>a<\/span>lthough <\/span>the <\/span>clear <\/span>difference in <\/span>the<\/span> two stations\u2019 <\/span>asset value<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>did strike a note<\/span> with leaders in the commercial radio business<\/span>. <\/span>According<\/span> to an August 3<\/span>, 1964 <\/span>article in <\/span><\/span>Broadcasting, the Business Weekly of Television & Radio<\/span><\/span><\/em> <\/span>independent<\/span> <\/span>brokers <\/span>had <\/span>determined that the <\/span>asset <\/span>value of <\/span>WRCV <\/span>stood at<\/span> around<\/span> <\/span>$35<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> while KYW<\/span> <\/span>was <\/span>much <\/span>less <\/span>a<\/span>t <\/span>$20<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Th<\/span>at <\/span>appreciable difference <\/span>meant <\/span>a great deal to <\/span>Group <\/span>W<\/span> board members<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>N<\/span>BC<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> <\/span>legal defense <\/span>tried <\/span>unsuccessfully <\/span>to <\/span>block <\/span>the <\/span>Westinghouse <\/span>Broadcasting<\/span> Company <\/span>from <\/span>receiving <\/span>a<\/span>dded <\/span>punitive <\/span>damages<\/span> <\/span>resulting from <\/span>th<\/span>is unfair <\/span>trade<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nMeanwhile in Cleveland<\/span>, <\/span>Harv<\/span>e<\/span> Morgan<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> <\/span>nightly talk show <\/span>faced <\/span>two <\/span>naggin<\/span>g <\/span>problems<\/span>.[footnote]Alvin Beam, \u201cHarve Morgan\u2019s Fate Talk Show Limps When Phone Rules,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, August 9, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>First, <\/span>some <\/span>topics<\/span> <\/span>pop<\/span>ped<\/span> up <\/span>repeated<\/span>ly<\/span>. Second, <\/span>his <\/span>use <\/span>o<\/span>f<\/span> <\/span>phone <\/span>call<\/span>s to <\/span>stimulat<\/span>e<\/span> <\/span>nightly <\/span>discussion <\/span>just didn\u2019t seem to <\/span>work<\/span> <\/span>anymore<\/span>.<\/span> Some critics <\/span>claimed that <\/span>Harve <\/span>Morgan was <\/span>very <\/span>capable <\/span>of <\/span>conducting <\/span>intelligent conversations without relying on <\/span>outside <\/span>call<\/span>er<\/span>s<\/span> for<\/span> <\/span>direct <\/span>assistance<\/span>. <\/span>On August 11<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span>, <\/span>KYW<\/span>\u2019S Jim Stagg and <\/span>its <\/span>News <\/span>Director Art<\/span> Schreiber<\/span> <\/span>started <\/span>cover<\/span>ing <\/span>the <\/span>upcoming <\/span>Beatles <\/span>tour <\/span>that <\/span>included <\/span>among other things <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>September 15<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> stop in C<\/span>leveland<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]Bert J. Reesing, \u201cLocal Teen-Agers Set to Back Beatles\u2019 Second U.S. Invasion,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, August 12, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>To celebrate <\/span>this <\/span>latest<\/span> round of <\/span>\u201cBeatlemania,\u201d <\/span>Jim <\/span>Stagg gave away tickets to a Beatles concert <\/span>that was scheduled <\/span>for <\/span>September 14<\/span><\/span>th<\/span> <\/span><\/span>in Pittsburgh.<\/span> <\/span>Also<\/span>, <\/span>Jerry G <\/span>visited <\/span>the Opening Day Celebrations of \u201cMiss Revlon of Higbee\u2019s\u201d on <\/span>the <\/span>17<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]\u201cMiss Revlon of Higbee\u2019s,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, August 16, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Three days later a <\/span>vicious <\/span>rumor<\/span> <\/span>began circulating around <\/span>that <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> <\/span>was <\/span>plann<\/span>ing<\/span> <\/span>to trash <\/span>KYW<\/span>s <\/span>Top 40<\/span> format<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]Alvin Beam, \u201cA Big Break for the Rock Gang,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, August 20, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>As everyone in the radio-industry <\/span>already <\/span>knew <\/span>NBC<\/span> <\/span>owned and <\/span>operated <\/span>stations <\/span>d<\/span>id<\/span>n\u2019t <\/span>play <\/span>rock and roll<\/span> music. In all probability, <\/span>th<\/span>is<\/span> <\/span>emerging <\/span>outlet wo<\/span>uld <\/span>concentrate on <\/span>network news<\/span> and <\/span>softer <\/span>music<\/span> <\/span>while <\/span>forgoing <\/span>traditional <\/span>talk<\/span> shows<\/span>.\r\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nE<\/span>liminating <\/span>daily <\/span>talk shows <\/span>from the <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>lineup <\/span>seemed <\/span>a bit <\/span>out of character<\/span> <\/span>for <\/span>NBC<\/span>. In <\/span>fact<\/span>, <\/span>two years earlier <\/span>New York\u2019s WNBC-Radio <\/span>66 <\/span>had <\/span>lured <\/span>away <\/span>popular <\/span>talk <\/span>show <\/span>host Long John <\/span>Nebel<\/span> <\/span>(1911-1978) <\/span>f<\/span>rom 710<\/span> AM<\/span>-WOR f<\/span>or a <\/span>whopping <\/span>annual <\/span>salary of <\/span>$100,000.[footnote]Donald Bain, Long John Nebel Radio Talk Master Salesman, Magnificent Charlatan<\/em>, (New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1975).[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>He remained <\/span>a staple <\/span>at WNBC<\/span>\u2019s broadcasting house<\/span> <\/span>until 19<\/span>73.<\/span> Why wouldn\u2019t <\/span>a similar scenario <\/span>develop <\/span>in Cleveland? That was a<\/span> crucial <\/span>question<\/span> <\/span>needing to be addressed <\/span>quickly <\/span>by the National Broadcasting Company<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Perhaps <\/span>the <\/span>experts were <\/span>all wrong<\/span>. A<\/span> <\/span>revamped <\/span>AM <\/span>program <\/span>lineup <\/span>that <\/span>all but eliminated local <\/span>talk <\/span>shows <\/span>might be just <\/span>the <\/span>thing <\/span>that <\/span>Cleveland\u2019s <\/span>more <\/span>sophisticated <\/span>listening <\/span>audience<\/span> <\/span>might <\/span>need<\/span>. <\/span>After all, <\/span>anyone listening to rock and <\/span>roll <\/span>on KYW <\/span>could easily turn to th<\/span>at<\/span> <\/span>city\u2019s <\/span>other <\/span>Top 40 <\/span>station <\/span>W<\/span>HK<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>So, what was <\/span>the <\/span>big deal? <\/span>As everyone knew<\/span>,<\/span> o<\/span>nly time would tell. <\/span>On a happier note, t<\/span>he California <\/span>s<\/span>ound hit Euclid Beach Park <\/span>when <\/span>the <\/span>\u201cBeach Boys\u201d<\/span> <\/span>came to <\/span>town<\/span> <\/span>that <\/span>August<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cBeach Boys on KYW,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, August 21, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Intended <\/span>to be <\/span>a promotion<\/span> piece<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>A<\/span> <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>L<\/span>ove <\/span>S<\/span>ong sold <\/span>more than <\/span>two thousand <\/span>copies <\/span>in <\/span>a <\/span>month. Part of its <\/span>proceeds went towards <\/span>beautifying <\/span>th<\/span>e Cleveland Mall<\/span> downtown<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]Bert J. Reesing, \u201cPromotional Song is Top 10 Hit,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, August 25, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nIn a last ditched effort to save <\/span>it<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>petition<\/span>, RKO<\/span>-General<\/span>\u2019s legal counsel <\/span>a<\/span>ppealed to <\/span>the <\/span>F<\/span>ederal <\/span>C<\/span>ommunications <\/span>C<\/span>ommission<\/span> <\/span>to <\/span>re<\/span>consider<\/span> its <\/span>most <\/span>recent <\/span>action<\/span>. <\/span>Its attorneys <\/span>claim<\/span>ed<\/span> that <\/span>RKO <\/span>had <\/span>racked up <\/span>$2<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> <\/span>in <\/span>debt <\/span>over the <\/span>p<\/span>ast two years <\/span>to get <\/span>its <\/span>petition approved <\/span>by the FCC <\/span>and<\/span> <\/span>t<\/span>hat <\/span>the network <\/span>could not <\/span>begin to <\/span>recoup <\/span>its <\/span>loss<\/span>es<\/span> <\/span>without <\/span>it<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]\u201cRKO Stays in Fight for Ch. 3,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, August 31, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>RKO\u2019s legal defense further <\/span>contended <\/span>that the <\/span>recent <\/span>decision <\/span>leveled <\/span>against <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>Company<\/span> <\/span>was<\/span> <\/span>a <\/span>total and utter <\/span>sham<\/span>. The August 30<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> <\/span>\u201cKYW Radio Days\u201d <\/span>w<\/span>as <\/span>h<\/span>ighly <\/span>success<\/span>ful<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cYesterday was KYW Radio Day,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, August 31, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Led by Jerry G; Specs Howard and Jim <\/span>Runyon<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>this <\/span>joyous <\/span>event <\/span>ende<\/span>d <\/span>with<\/span> <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>rousing <\/span>sing-along. <\/span>On the <\/span>flip <\/span>side<\/span> of the dial<\/span>, <\/span>KYW-<\/span>FM and WCLV-FM <\/span>were <\/span>battl<\/span>ing it out to be<\/span>come<\/span> Cleveland\u2019s <\/span>number one classical <\/span>music <\/span>station<\/span>.[footnote]Alvin Beam, \u201cCurb on Simulcasts a Break for FM Listeners in Area,\u201d The Plain Dealer<\/em>, September 3, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>In the case of <\/span>105.7<\/span> FM<\/span>, <\/span>its<\/span> <\/span>twelve <\/span>hour <\/span>broadcasting <\/span>day <\/span>continually <\/span>spotlighted <\/span>great <\/span>classical music<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>It didn\u2019t matter which <\/span>classical <\/span>album <\/span>was <\/span>currently <\/span>being <\/span>play<\/span>ed<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>i<\/span>t <\/span>was always <\/span>a<\/span>n <\/span>exhilarating <\/span>adventure<\/span> in <\/span>good <\/span>music<\/span>.<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nOn September 2<\/span>, 1964<\/span>, <\/span>NBC, P<\/span>hilco and RKO <\/span>submitted <\/span>their <\/span>respective <\/span>appeals<\/span> with the federal court<\/span>. <\/span>NBC<\/span> <\/span>took the lead by <\/span>asked <\/span>the <\/span>feds <\/span>to <\/span>reconsider <\/span>its <\/span>recent <\/span>denial of <\/span>the <\/span>RKO<\/span>-General<\/span> <\/span>petition<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cBroadcasters Appeal Swap Order of FCC,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, September 3, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>A feature article <\/span>published <\/span>in the September 7<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>Broadcasting;<\/span> the B<\/span>usiness Weekly of Television <\/span>& Radio<\/span><\/span><\/em> <\/span>closely examined <\/span>the<\/span> <\/span>federal <\/span>decision <\/span>that <\/span>l<\/span>ed <\/span>to <\/span>th<\/span>is<\/span> <\/span>most <\/span>recent <\/span>NBC<\/span>-<\/span>W<\/span>BC <\/span>reversal<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]\u201cNBC, Philco Attack Philadelphia Decision,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, September 7, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>It also focused on why <\/span>th<\/span>os<\/span>e <\/span>federal <\/span>commission<\/span>ers<\/span> <\/span>reject<\/span>ed<\/span> both <\/span>P<\/span>hilco\u2019s request <\/span>for WRCV<\/span>-TV<\/span> <\/span>a<\/span>nd <\/span>RKO<\/span>-General<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> petition<\/span>. <\/span>Although <\/span>it never <\/span>deliberately <\/span>challenged the <\/span>legal <\/span>merits of either one of <\/span>th<\/span>ose<\/span> <\/span>federal <\/span>decision<\/span>s<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>Philco\u2019s <\/span>legal counsel contend<\/span>ed<\/span> that <\/span>it <\/span>was <\/span>grossly <\/span>unfair <\/span>that <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>Broadcasting<\/span> <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> <\/span>with<\/span> <\/span>only a <\/span>mode<\/span>st <\/span>interest<\/span> <\/span>in <\/span>nurturing <\/span>its <\/span>Phi<\/span>ladelphia market <\/span>should<\/span> <\/span>be <\/span>awarded <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>temporary license<\/span> <\/span>in that city<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>W<\/span>aiv<\/span>ing <\/span>its <\/span>overlap <\/span>restrictions <\/span>to a<\/span>ssist <\/span>NBC and RKO <\/span>seemed <\/span>a bit <\/span>odd given the fact <\/span>that the <\/span>feds <\/span>from the <\/span>very <\/span>beginning <\/span>had <\/span>oppos<\/span>ed <\/span>th<\/span>eir <\/span>petition<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>What <\/span>were<\/span> the<\/span> fed<\/span>eral official<\/span>s<\/span> thinking<\/span> <\/span>and why did <\/span>they <\/span>so willingly <\/span>acquiesce <\/span>to the demands made by those two <\/span>major <\/span>broadcasting companies<\/span>?<\/span> <\/span>Without a doubt, Philadelphia\u2019s <\/span>WRCV-<\/span>TV<\/span>\u2019s broadcasting signal<\/span> <\/span>overlapped <\/span>both <\/span>New York\u2019s <\/span>WOR<\/span>-TV<\/span> and <\/span>Baltimore\u2019s <\/span>W<\/span>JZ<\/span>-TV<\/span>. <\/span>Yet, t<\/span>he<\/span> commissioners <\/span>seemed<\/span> to <\/span>just <\/span>s<\/span>hrug <\/span>it <\/span>off<\/span>. <\/span>It took <\/span>Philco<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>accept<\/span>ance of <\/span>$550,000 from <\/span>NBC <\/span>allegedly <\/span>to cover <\/span>its <\/span>many <\/span>application <\/span>costs and <\/span>additional <\/span>fees<\/span> <\/span>that led t<\/span>he <\/span>FCC <\/span>to <\/span>overwhelmingly <\/span>vote against <\/span>renewing NBC\u2019s <\/span>Phi<\/span>ladelphia <\/span>license<\/span>.<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nKids returning to <\/span>school that <\/span>autumn enjoyed <\/span>the all-ne<\/span>w<\/span> sound<\/span>s<\/span> of <\/span>KY<\/span>-11<\/span>. It began <\/span>on <\/span>September 12<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> <\/span>when <\/span>it <\/span>played Beatles record<\/span>ing<\/span>s and <\/span>aired <\/span>previously recorded <\/span>interviews with the \u201cFab Four.\u201d[footnote]\u201cBeatles Preview KYW Has Weekend Teen-Age Sound,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, September 10, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Narrated by Jim Stagg and Art Schreiber much of <\/span>th<\/span>is<\/span> show <\/span>c<\/span>oncentrated <\/span>on <\/span>the<\/span> Beatles <\/span>first <\/span>U.S. <\/span>tour. <\/span>Over 11,000 teens <\/span>knocked on <\/span>their <\/span>neighbors<\/span>\u2019<\/span> <\/span>doors the next day<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>as part <\/span>of <\/span>\u201cThe <\/span>Aiding <\/span>Leukemia<\/span> <\/span>Stricken<\/span> American Children<\/span>\u201d<\/span> <\/span>drive<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>D<\/span>one in cooperation with <\/span>St. Jude Hospital<\/span>, t<\/span>he <\/span>money <\/span>they <\/span>collected <\/span>went towards <\/span>fight<\/span>ing<\/span> <\/span>that <\/span>most <\/span>dreaded <\/span>disease<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>The <\/span>earlier <\/span>legal <\/span>controvers<\/span>y <\/span>over the F<\/span>ederal <\/span>C<\/span>ommunications <\/span>C<\/span>ommission<\/span>\u2019s denial <\/span>of the <\/span>NBC-<\/span>RKO <\/span>petition continued into the autu<\/span>mn months with P<\/span>hilco<\/span> <\/span>claiming that <\/span>RKO<\/span> <\/span>still <\/span>had no <\/span>legal <\/span>right to <\/span>claim <\/span>financial <\/span>damages or <\/span>injury<\/span> based on rece<\/span>nt loss<\/span>es<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cRKO Plea to FCC Opposed by Philco,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, September 14, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>The <\/span>commissioners <\/span>fought back <\/span>by saying <\/span>that <\/span>repeated <\/span>public <\/span>outcr<\/span>ies<\/span> against <\/span>it <\/span>extending <\/span>other <\/span>RCA-<\/span>NBC <\/span>television <\/span>licenses <\/span>m<\/span>ight <\/span>compel <\/span>the<\/span> agency <\/span>to <\/span>reject<\/span> <\/span>other <\/span>future <\/span>request<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>submitted <\/span>by <\/span>RKO-General<\/span>.<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nAt the same time<\/span>, Philco <\/span>boldly<\/span> <\/span>pointed out <\/span>that <\/span>those <\/span>same <\/span>federal officials<\/span> <\/span>had <\/span>undoubtedly <\/span>overstepped <\/span>their <\/span>legal <\/span>bounds <\/span>when they <\/span>order<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>the <\/span>most <\/span>recent <\/span>Phi<\/span>ladelphia<\/span>-<\/span>Cleveland <\/span>swap<\/span>. <\/span>Its counsel <\/span>said <\/span>that such actions directly <\/span>violat<\/span>ed <\/span>all <\/span>federal <\/span>rules <\/span>pertaining to <\/span>radio and television <\/span>licens<\/span>e renewals<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>The <\/span>noticeable <\/span>silence <\/span>o<\/span>n the part o<\/span>f <\/span>Westinghouse<\/span>\u2019s legal counsel<\/span> throughout th<\/span>e<\/span> summer <\/span>seemed <\/span>somewhat <\/span>odd<\/span>. Wh<\/span>y <\/span>w<\/span>eren<\/span>\u2019t <\/span>it<\/span>s <\/span>attorneys <\/span>responding<\/span>? Finally <\/span>in September<\/span>, <\/span>1964, <\/span>W<\/span>BC<\/span> <\/span>broke its <\/span>long-held silence by <\/span>saying that it <\/span>100% <\/span>s<\/span>upport<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>t<\/span>h<\/span>e <\/span>decision<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]\u201cBroadcast Bureau and WBC Agree,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, September 21, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>In the end, t<\/span>he <\/span>FCC\u2019s<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>through its <\/span>highly<\/span> vocal <\/span>Broadcast Bureau<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>made it <\/span>quite <\/span>clear <\/span>that any<\/span> future r<\/span>enewal request<\/span>s <\/span>brought forward <\/span>by <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>Company<\/span> <\/span>must <\/span>first <\/span>go through a <\/span>r<\/span>igorous <\/span>federal <\/span>evaluation <\/span>process<\/span>. <\/span>Also, <\/span>RCA-<\/span>NBC <\/span>did not have <\/span>any <\/span>legal <\/span>right to transfer <\/span>its<\/span> <\/span>WRCV<\/span>-Philly<\/span> <\/span>license <\/span>to <\/span>another<\/span> broadcaster or <\/span>to <\/span>claim that <\/span>the July 30<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> <\/span>decision<\/span> <\/span>that had <\/span>order<\/span>ed<\/span> the re<\/span>-<\/span>swaping of the Cleveland-Philly stations had <\/span>in some way <\/span>violated Philco\u2019s or RKO-General\u2019s rights to a fair hearing<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]\u201cRKO, Philco Turned Down,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, October 5, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>In reality, th<\/span>e FCC <\/span>decision <\/span>originated <\/span>from a <\/span>legal <\/span>case <\/span>that <\/span>resulted from <\/span>an <\/span>antitrust <\/span>federal <\/span>court order that had <\/span>forced <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> to dispose of <\/span>both <\/span>WRCV <\/span>radio <\/span>and<\/span> television<\/span>. NBC officials had attempted to <\/span>circumvent that <\/span>specific <\/span>court <\/span>order <\/span>by exchanging its Philly outlets for <\/span>the <\/span>RKO <\/span>stations <\/span>located <\/span>in Boston. <\/span>That might have occurred with<\/span>out <\/span>any <\/span>legal <\/span>hitches <\/span>had <\/span>the <\/span>Philco <\/span>Corporation <\/span>not submitted <\/span>its own <\/span>application for WRCV<\/span>-<\/span>Philadelphia<\/span>. The submission of th<\/span>e Philco <\/span>application <\/span>mandat<\/span>ed <\/span>a <\/span>special <\/span>federal<\/span> hearing<\/span> which <\/span>delved into a number of <\/span>relevant <\/span>issues including NBC\u2019s <\/span>many <\/span>responsibilities <\/span>as a <\/span>premier <\/span>license holder.[footnote]\u201cRKO Claims Foul in Philly TV Case,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, March 1, 1965.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nOn <\/span>a <\/span>far more uplifting <\/span>note, <\/span>KYW-radio<\/span> that October <\/span>sponsored <\/span>a<\/span>n overflow <\/span>concert at the Cleveland Arena <\/span>that <\/span>featur<\/span>ed<\/span> the <\/span>British r<\/span>ock <\/span>sensation <\/span>\u201cthe Animals<\/span>.<\/span>\u201d[footnote]Mary Hirschfield, \u201cRepublican Perk Gets $100 Bite from LBJ,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, September 25, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>From a <\/span>purely <\/span>business perspective, t<\/span>he bulk of <\/span>early \u201860s <\/span>a<\/span>dvertisers and <\/span>program<\/span> coordinators <\/span>t<\/span>ruly believed <\/span>that <\/span>Top 40 radio <\/span>was <\/span>the <\/span>best <\/span>deal <\/span>in town<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cProgram Formats? Here\u2019s How They Average Up,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, September 28, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Its <\/span>limited <\/span>playlist <\/span>w<\/span>ith plenty of time <\/span>in<\/span>-<\/span>between <\/span>for <\/span>attention <\/span>gripping<\/span> <\/span>commercials <\/span>was <\/span>the dream of every <\/span>advertiser<\/span>. <\/span>In fact, <\/span>its <\/span>many <\/span>catchy<\/span> <\/span>radio <\/span>jingles <\/span>and <\/span>very convincing <\/span>advertising pitch<\/span>es<\/span> <\/span>played <\/span>critical <\/span>role<\/span>s in <\/span>increas<\/span>ing <\/span>sales<\/span> volume<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Although <\/span>vaguely familiar to older<\/span>, more <\/span>traditional<\/span> programming formats, <\/span>its <\/span>fast pace<\/span>d<\/span> <\/span>cadence <\/span>out<\/span>shone <\/span>them all<\/span>. <\/span>KYW\u2019s <\/span>highly <\/span>practical <\/span>daily <\/span>promotion<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>successfully <\/span>brought together <\/span>that station\u2019s <\/span>very <\/span>talented <\/span>salesmanship <\/span>with <\/span>the <\/span>many <\/span>pleasurable <\/span>aspects <\/span>of <\/span>rock and roll <\/span>to <\/span>produce <\/span>a<\/span>n<\/span> <\/span>extraordinary <\/span>new <\/span>sound<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>I<\/span>n <\/span>the case of <\/span>i<\/span>t<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>popular <\/span>jingle<\/span>s<\/span>, they<\/span> <\/span>not only <\/span>spotlight<\/span>ed <\/span>the<\/span> fun loving <\/span>jocks<\/span> <\/span>responsible for <\/span>creating KY-11\u2019s <\/span>many <\/span>energetic <\/span>program<\/span>s<\/span>; but also, <\/span>served to <\/span>introduc<\/span>e<\/span> <\/span>th<\/span>at station\u2019s <\/span>numerous <\/span>features <\/span>such as <\/span>n<\/span>ews<\/span>casts<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>shows<\/span>, <\/span>weather <\/span>forecasts<\/span>, traffic conditions<\/span> <\/span>and sports<\/span> reports<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nC<\/span>arefree <\/span>melodies <\/span>with <\/span>simple<\/span> <\/span>message<\/span>s<\/span>, <\/span>those<\/span> <\/span>jingles <\/span>were <\/span>updated on a <\/span>regular<\/span> basis<\/span>. <\/span>Some of the more <\/span>me<\/span>morable <\/span>ones <\/span>of th<\/span>e early \u201860s <\/span>included \u201cMy Baby Listens to KYW, Yea, Yea, Yea,\u201d; \u201cKYW Has a Happy Sound,\u201d \u201cMake Your Radio Feel Good Agai<\/span>n, KYW Radio\u201d or \u201cTake KYW Any Time, A<\/span>ny <\/span>D<\/span>ay.\u201d<\/span> <\/span>Th<\/span>e station\u2019s <\/span>DJs<\/span>,<\/span> known collectively as the <\/span>\u201c<\/span>KYW <\/span>VIPs<\/span> in \u201864<\/span>,<\/span>\u201d <\/span>also received <\/span>extensive <\/span>recognition. <\/span>Examples included <\/span>\u201cHere\u2019s the Double-Martin & Ho<\/span>ward;\u201d \u201cMr. <\/span>Runyon<\/span>, Someone is C<\/span>alling <\/span>Y<\/span>ou,\u201d \u201cThe Lovable Swinging Ca<\/span>t<\/span> Jerry G & Company,\u201d and \u201c<\/span>The J\u2019 Bird Flies Tonight<\/span>.<\/span>\u201d<\/span> Also, w<\/span>ho can forget <\/span>those <\/span>striking <\/span>sound bites such as <\/span>\u201cJerry G Swinging at Record Hops;\u201d \u201cJay Lawrence Music & Comedy Bits,\u201d \u201cJim Runyon Spinning the Latest Pops\u201d and \u201cJim Stagg Nightline for You.\u201d[footnote]\u201cKYW Jingles,\u201d https:\/\/youtube.com\/watch?v=pfCTD53udkY<\/a>.[\/footnote]<\/span>\r\n\r\nhttps:\/\/youtube.com\/watch?v=pfCTD53udkY\r\n\r\nA<\/span> <\/span>September <\/span>28<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> <\/span>press <\/span>release announced that <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> <\/span>and <\/span>the <\/span>W<\/span>estinghouse <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany <\/span>had reached <\/span>an<\/span> agreement and that they <\/span>w<\/span>ould <\/span>adhere to <\/span>the <\/span>latest <\/span>federal <\/span>mandate <\/span>requir<\/span>ing them <\/span>to switch stations<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cNBC, WBC Start Rewinding,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, October 5, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Both <\/span>Philco and RKO<\/span> <\/span>maintained <\/span>the<\/span>ir<\/span> <\/span>right to <\/span>appeal <\/span>that<\/span> <\/span>F<\/span>ederal <\/span>C<\/span>ommunications <\/span>C<\/span>ommission<\/span> <\/span>decision<\/span>. H<\/span>owever, <\/span>if they decided to <\/span>exercise that option it well r<\/span>esult<\/span>ed<\/span> in <\/span>a <\/span>federal <\/span>restraining <\/span>order<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>The <\/span>feds <\/span>also <\/span>reject<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>RKO<\/span>-General<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>most<\/span> recent <\/span>proposal for a <\/span>temporary <\/span>station exchange with NBC <\/span>by <\/span>claim<\/span>ing <\/span>that <\/span>it <\/span>violated <\/span>the <\/span>U.S. <\/span>D<\/span>epartment of Justice <\/span>co<\/span>nsent decree<\/span>. Th<\/span>is <\/span>decision <\/span>requiring the <\/span>station <\/span>switch <\/span>further<\/span> <\/span>sta<\/span>ted that <\/span>NBC <\/span>must <\/span>pay <\/span>W<\/span>BC <\/span>an additional <\/span>$150,000<\/span> to <\/span>cover <\/span>any <\/span>needed <\/span>improv<\/span>e<\/span>ments to <\/span>its <\/span>present <\/span>downtown <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>studios<\/span>.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>A<\/span>lso<\/span>, <\/span>both <\/span>parties <\/span>had to <\/span>reach an agreement regarding <\/span>any <\/span>additional <\/span>expenses<\/span> <\/span>owed NBC by <\/span>Group \u201c<\/span>W<\/span>\u201d <\/span>television <\/span>for <\/span>show<\/span>i<\/span>n<\/span>g<\/span> <\/span>its <\/span>films.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>T<\/span>he <\/span>FCC <\/span>also <\/span>agreed to <\/span>review <\/span>any <\/span>further <\/span>appeals <\/span>presented <\/span>by Philco or RKO<\/span> in a timely fashion<\/span>.<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nThat <\/span>unprecedented <\/span>ruling <\/span>left <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>Broadcasting<\/span> <\/span>Company for<\/span> the first time <\/span>with<\/span>out a <\/span>Phil<\/span>adelphia<\/span> <\/span>television <\/span>affiliate<\/span>. <\/span>Certainly,<\/span> <\/span>W<\/span>BC<\/span> <\/span>had no <\/span>intention of affiliating with <\/span>that network<\/span>.[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>As everyone knew<\/span>, Westinghouse had <\/span>showed no qualms <\/span>whatsoever <\/span>when it <\/span>came to <\/span>cut<\/span>ting<\/span> <\/span>its <\/span>ties <\/span>with <\/span>NBC radio <\/span>several <\/span>years ago<\/span>. Th<\/span>at <\/span>decisive <\/span>action <\/span>by W<\/span>estinghouse<\/span>\u2019s Bo<\/span>ard of Directors enabled this smaller network <\/span>to become <\/span>a <\/span>driving <\/span>force in <\/span>today\u2019s <\/span>independent <\/span>broadcasting<\/span>.<\/span> A<\/span>s <\/span>NBC <\/span>officials <\/span>weighed <\/span>their <\/span>future <\/span>options <\/span>in <\/span>Cleveland<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>the W<\/span>estinghouse <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany <\/span>forwarded<\/span> <\/span>its <\/span>KYW <\/span>call letters<\/span> to <\/span>their <\/span>new <\/span>Phil<\/span>adelphia <\/span>home<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>To <\/span>no <\/span>one\u2019s surprise, NBC\u2019s <\/span>latest <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>station <\/span>still <\/span>did not have <\/span>official <\/span>call letters<\/span>.<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\n[footnote]Ibid.[\/footnote]\u00a0<\/span>In terms of spot advertising<\/span> <\/span>revenue <\/span>for <\/span>19<\/span>63<\/span>,<\/span> Phil<\/span>adelphia<\/span> <\/span>rank<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>fourth <\/span>nation<\/span>ally <\/span>at <\/span>a<\/span> very <\/span>impressive <\/span>$<\/span>7.<\/span>4<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> <\/span>while Cleveland<\/span> was <\/span>listed <\/span>eighth <\/span>at $4.<\/span>3<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cTop 50 National Spot Radio Markets, 1963 FCC Reports,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, October 12, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Total broadcasting expenses <\/span>for the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany <\/span>in 1963-64 <\/span>had <\/span>increased <\/span>substantially <\/span>from $1.<\/span>6<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> <\/span>to <\/span>$6.7 <\/span>million<\/span>. In <\/span>what many <\/span>thought to be <\/span>a<\/span> very <\/span>expected move<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>Philco<\/span>\u2019s legal counsel<\/span> announced<\/span> <\/span>that it <\/span>would <\/span>no longer <\/span>pursue <\/span>the <\/span>WRCV <\/span>license.[footnote]\u201cPhilco Drops Off of Ch. 3 Merry-Go-Round,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, October 19, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nIn <\/span>November<\/span> <\/span>19<\/span>64<\/span>, th<\/span>e FCC <\/span>announced <\/span>that <\/span>the <\/span>station <\/span>swap <\/span>w<\/span>as <\/span>moving along <\/span>o<\/span>n <\/span>schedule<\/span>. <\/span>W<\/span>ith the exception of <\/span>the <\/span>Mike Douglas<\/span> Show<\/span> that had already <\/span>moved <\/span>its operations <\/span>to <\/span>Philadelphia<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>KYW <\/span>program<\/span>ming continued on as usual f<\/span>rom <\/span>its <\/span>downtown <\/span>Cleveland studios<\/span>.<\/span>[footnote]Alvin Beam, \u201cLast Roadblock is Withdrawn to Orderly Swap-Back of KYW,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, November 5, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Everything went<\/span> along<\/span> smoothly until late<\/span>r that month <\/span>when <\/span>the feds <\/span>discovered that <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> and <\/span>the <\/span>W<\/span>estinghouse <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> <\/span>had been <\/span>secretly <\/span>working on a<\/span>nother<\/span> major <\/span>station swap<\/span>. <\/span>This time <\/span>the <\/span>NBC<\/span> <\/span>leadership<\/span> <\/span>wanted <\/span>to exchange <\/span>one of <\/span>its p<\/span>rime <\/span>television stations <\/span>for <\/span>Westinghouse\u2019s <\/span>WBZ<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>At the same time<\/span> as that was going on,<\/span> <\/span>the FCC <\/span>demanded <\/span>NBC and WBC to file a<\/span> <\/span>separate <\/span>federal <\/span>appeal<\/span> <\/span>that <\/span>w<\/span>ould <\/span>have prevented <\/span>RKO<\/span>-General <\/span>from interfering <\/span>with the <\/span>upcoming <\/span>Cleveland-Philadelphia <\/span>trade<\/span>. In <\/span>a<\/span> surprising <\/span>move, <\/span>the <\/span>feds <\/span>granted the National Broadca<\/span>s<\/span>ting Comp<\/span>a<\/span>ny <\/span>a <\/span>temporary <\/span>television <\/span>license<\/span> for WRCV<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>However, n<\/span>etwork <\/span>officials<\/span> fully understood that <\/span>once th<\/span>at<\/span> transfer was <\/span>complet<\/span>ed <\/span>it <\/span>w<\/span>ould <\/span>have <\/span>to <\/span>surrender <\/span>it<\/span> <\/span>to<\/span> the <\/span>Westinghouse<\/span> Broadcasting Company<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>To assure <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>smooth transition<\/span>, <\/span>NBC <\/span>placed a full page advertisement in the December 14<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>Broadcasting<\/span>,<\/span><\/em> The Business Weekly of Television & Radio<\/em>.<\/span><\/span> It said that <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany <\/span>fully intended <\/span>to <\/span>play popular music<\/span> <\/span>without <\/span>excessive <\/span>interruptions<\/span> <\/span>until <\/span>the <\/span>day of the <\/span>official <\/span>transfer<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Referred to as <\/span>\u201ccluster music<\/span>,<\/span>\u201d <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> <\/span>took great pride in <\/span>still <\/span>being able to <\/span>offer its many <\/span>WRCV listeners <\/span>the <\/span>best <\/span>in <\/span>music <\/span>without <\/span>the <\/span>distractions <\/span>equated with\u00a0<\/span>rock and roll<\/span> music<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cWRCV\u2019s Emphasis Music,\u201d Broadcasting<\/em>, December, 14, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span><\/span><\/span>\r\n\r\nNo end of the year w<\/span>as <\/span>complete without KYW\u2019s <\/span>annual <\/span>re<\/span>view of <\/span>major <\/span>events<\/span>. Narrated by Bob Hagen<\/span> (1935-2004)<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>it<\/span> <\/span>dealt with <\/span>ma<\/span>ny<\/span> things <\/span>ranging from <\/span>the Beatles <\/span>concert<\/span> in Cleveland to <\/span>the <\/span>NFL <\/span>C<\/span>hampions <\/span>Cleveland Browns <\/span>an<\/span>d <\/span>ever<\/span>y<\/span>thing in between<\/span>.[footnote]\u201cKYW Reviews Year\u2019s News,\u201d The Cleveland Plain Dealer<\/em>, December 30, 1964.[\/footnote]<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Who knew what lay ahead<\/span> for <\/span>the <\/span>radio <\/span>industry<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>but one thing was <\/span>certain <\/span>it <\/span>h<\/span>ad been an<\/span> extraordinary year<\/span> for <\/span>NBC<\/span> <\/span>and W<\/span>BC<\/span>. In terms of <\/span>Cleveland radio<\/span> itself<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>a new day in <\/span>local broadcasting was about to dawn with the departure of KYW and the arrival of a brand new NBC powerhouse and the public was very excited about it.<\/span>","rendered":"

That new approach <\/span>called for Philco to <\/span>drop <\/span>its <\/span>legal <\/span>objection to <\/span>NBC<\/span> getting it<\/span>s license <\/span>renewal<\/span> <\/span>with the <\/span>full <\/span>understanding <\/span>that <\/span>the network <\/span>would <\/span>pa<\/span>y <\/span>Philco <\/span>$9<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> in damages.[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Th<\/span>at <\/span>$9 million figure <\/span>would <\/span>have <\/span>amply <\/span>cover<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>any <\/span>of <\/span>Philco\u2019s <\/span>incurred <\/span>radio equipment<\/span> patent fees<\/span>. <\/span>I<\/span>n exchange, i<\/span>t<\/span>s sharp legal team <\/span>guaranteed <\/span>that <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> <\/span>would <\/span>receive <\/span>all <\/span>of <\/span>Philco\u2019s <\/span>earlier<\/span>, very profitable <\/span>color television patents. <\/span>However, <\/span>Philco<\/span> <\/span>representatives <\/span>wanted <\/span>to retain <\/span>the <\/span>legal <\/span>right to <\/span>hold <\/span>on to <\/span>all <\/span>future<\/span> <\/span>color television patents at <\/span>the <\/span>customary <\/span>license<\/span> rate<\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>It also <\/span>sought <\/span>all <\/span>non-exclusive<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>RCA-l<\/span>icensed radio devices <\/span>yet <\/span>to be <\/span>filed under <\/span>domestic patents <\/span>or <\/span>patent application<\/span> laws<\/span>. <\/span>In response<\/span>, NBC <\/span>demanded <\/span>the right to <\/span>avail itself of <\/span>any <\/span>future <\/span>domestic color television patent<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>th<\/span>at<\/span> might be <\/span>issued to <\/span>the <\/span>Philco<\/span> Co<\/span>rporation<\/span>. That agreement <\/span>if a<\/span>pproved <\/span>by the <\/span>federal <\/span>courts <\/span>would <\/span>have <\/span>nullified <\/span>it<\/span>s <\/span>earlier <\/span>$150<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> <\/span>damage<\/span> claim <\/span>against the network <\/span>a<\/span>s well as <\/span>voided <\/span>NBC<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>$174 <\/span>million<\/span> countersuit<\/span>.<\/span>[3]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

RKO<\/span> <\/span>hoped that <\/span>its <\/span>carefully worded <\/span>arguments <\/span>presented <\/span>in front of <\/span>the U.S. Court of Appeals<\/span> would <\/span>be <\/span>sufficient<\/span> enough <\/span>t<\/span>o <\/span>reverse <\/span>that court\u2019s <\/span>recent <\/span>decision <\/span>that had <\/span>requir<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>NBC<\/span>–<\/span>W<\/span>BC <\/span>to flip <\/span>their Cleveland and Philadelphia <\/span>stations <\/span>once <\/span>again<\/span>.[4]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>If <\/span>that <\/span>reverse <\/span>decision <\/span>held <\/span>i<\/span>t <\/span>would <\/span>prove to <\/span>be <\/span>a costly <\/span>e<\/span>ndeavor <\/span>that <\/span>neither NBC nor<\/span> WBC <\/span>wanted to <\/span>participate in at that moment<\/span>. At the same time, <\/span>RKO<\/span> <\/span>lawyers <\/span>demanded a<\/span> further <\/span>F<\/span>ederal <\/span>C<\/span>ommunications <\/span>C<\/span>ommission<\/span> <\/span>in<\/span>quiry <\/span>directed<\/span> specifically towards finding <\/span>any <\/span>other <\/span>legal improprieties<\/span> <\/span>that <\/span>might<\/span> have <\/span>taken place <\/span>during th<\/span>e <\/span>\u201956 <\/span>exchange<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>On another <\/span>issue <\/span>close<\/span>r<\/span> to home, the Cleveland newspaper strike entered its 68<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> day <\/span>on February 6, <\/span>19<\/span>63 <\/span>with no end <\/span>to it <\/span>in sight. A <\/span>number <\/span>of loca<\/span>l <\/span>radio and television <\/span>outlets<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>including KYW<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>held a <\/span>major <\/span>debate<\/span> and Q& A session on <\/span>that <\/span>issue<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>KYW\u2019s <\/span>Editorial Manager B<\/span>art <\/span>Clausen <\/span>split<\/span> <\/span>the <\/span>production costs<\/span> among <\/span>participating<\/span> <\/span>locally-based <\/span>outlet<\/span>s.[5]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Regarding Philco\u2019s <\/span>recent <\/span>decision to d<\/span>rop<\/span> its <\/span>pending <\/span>law <\/span>suit<\/span> against NBC<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>federal officials <\/span>made it <\/span>absolutely <\/span>clear <\/span>to all <\/span>the <\/span>parties<\/span> involved <\/span>that they had no intention of <\/span>recusing <\/span>themselves <\/span>from <\/span>that case <\/span>or any other related legal matters<\/span>.<\/span> Th<\/span>e <\/span>unwillingness <\/span>of the <\/span>federal <\/span>government <\/span>to <\/span>stand down <\/span>seriously <\/span>jeopardized <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>chances of <\/span>achieving <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>workable<\/span> <\/span>arrangement <\/span>with <\/span>RKO<\/span>-General <\/span>at least not at that <\/span>particular <\/span>juncture<\/span>.[6]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00a0It also <\/span>stopped <\/span>NBC <\/span>from <\/span>readily d<\/span>i<\/span>sposing <\/span>of its <\/span>Philly <\/span>station<\/span>. <\/span>RCA-<\/span>N<\/span>BC <\/span>officials firmly believed that the<\/span>ir<\/span> <\/span>proposed <\/span>swap with <\/span>RKO<\/span> <\/span>met <\/span>all the <\/span>stringent <\/span>federal <\/span>requirements<\/span> <\/span>as <\/span>set down by the \u201959 DOJ consent decree<\/span>. H<\/span>owever, the FCC <\/span>begged to <\/span>differ<\/span> on th<\/span>eir pretense. <\/span>It <\/span>insisted that <\/span>the <\/span>P<\/span>hilco <\/span>Corporation <\/span>make a final <\/span>deci<\/span>sion as to<\/span> <\/span>whether it <\/span>was going <\/span>to <\/span>pursue th<\/span>is <\/span>Phil<\/span>ly <\/span>issue <\/span>any <\/span>further<\/span> or <\/span>simply <\/span>end it <\/span>here<\/span> and <\/span>now<\/span>.[7]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Also, the <\/span>commission<\/span>ers<\/span> <\/span>reminded <\/span>P<\/span>hilco\u2019s legal team <\/span>that <\/span>WRCV<\/span>-TV<\/span> <\/span>wa<\/span>s <\/span>fully <\/span>operational<\/span> <\/span>and <\/span>that the <\/span>public <\/span>wouldn\u2019t<\/span> <\/span>be <\/span>served <\/span>if <\/span>it<\/span>s <\/span>legal <\/span>counsel<\/span> <\/span>continued to <\/span>pursue<\/span> <\/span>what many<\/span> experts in the field<\/span> <\/span>view<\/span>ed <\/span>at that time <\/span>as <\/span>a <\/span>worthless <\/span>case<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

The <\/span>F<\/span>ederal <\/span>C<\/span>ommunications <\/span>C<\/span>ommission<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>Broadcasting Bureau <\/span>also <\/span>expressed <\/span>some serious <\/span>reservations <\/span>regard<\/span>ing <\/span>Philco\u2019s <\/span>upcom<\/span>ing <\/span>c<\/span>ase<\/span> and its legal defense<\/span>. <\/span>In the <\/span>eyes of the <\/span>bureau<\/span>,<\/span> i<\/span>t <\/span>appeared to be <\/span>a last ditched effort<\/span> <\/span>presented <\/span>by a <\/span>very <\/span>desperate <\/span>Philadelphia <\/span>company<\/span> <\/span>that was <\/span>hoping <\/span>to salvage <\/span>what was left of <\/span>its <\/span>remaining <\/span>business <\/span>reputation<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Again, t<\/span>he <\/span>feds<\/span> <\/span>made it <\/span>abundantly <\/span>clear <\/span>that <\/span>it couldn\u2019t <\/span>approve an<\/span>y<\/span> <\/span>pointed <\/span>agreement<\/span>,<\/span> like that<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>if <\/span>it didn\u2019t <\/span>serve<\/span> the<\/span> public\u2019s <\/span>needs<\/span>.[8]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>The <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> <\/span>had <\/span>hoped for <\/span>a <\/span>quick <\/span>response from the <\/span>FCC <\/span>provided that the <\/span>Philco <\/span>Company <\/span>d<\/span>id<\/span>n\u2019t <\/span>fi<\/span>gure out somehow <\/span>to <\/span>gum up<\/span> the works<\/span>. However, if <\/span>i<\/span>n <\/span>desperation<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>Philco <\/span>should <\/span>decide <\/span>at the <\/span>11<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> hour <\/span>to <\/span>pull out of <\/span>this <\/span>$9<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> <\/span>damage <\/span>package <\/span>that would <\/span>destroy <\/span>any chances <\/span>NBC<\/span> might have of <\/span>recovering <\/span>any<\/span>thing from <\/span>th<\/span>e original <\/span>proposal<\/span>. <\/span>It <\/span>was <\/span>a slippery slope <\/span>that <\/span>NBC<\/span> <\/span>might have <\/span>to climb<\/span> very soon<\/span>. Undoubtedly, a<\/span>ny f<\/span>urther <\/span>antitrust <\/span>actions <\/span>instigated <\/span>by <\/span>the <\/span>Philco<\/span> <\/span>Corporation <\/span>against <\/span>RCA-<\/span>NBC would <\/span>have to <\/span>be <\/span>placed <\/span>on the back burner <\/span>by the feds <\/span>as <\/span>they <\/span>re<\/span>directed <\/span>their <\/span>attention towards <\/span>what <\/span>they <\/span>considered to be <\/span>more pressing <\/span>legal <\/span>issues<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

NBC <\/span>had already determined that <\/span>a<\/span>ny<\/span> <\/span>long-term<\/span> <\/span>delay<\/span> on its license request <\/span>w<\/span>ould be considered <\/span>a <\/span>bone crushing <\/span>defeat<\/span> for th<\/span>is major <\/span>network<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>In a<\/span>n <\/span>unexpected move<\/span> that greatly displeased <\/span>NBC<\/span>\u2019s legal counsel<\/span>,<\/span> Philco<\/span> <\/span>officials <\/span>announced <\/span>that <\/span>they <\/span>would <\/span>continu<\/span>e <\/span>to <\/span>oppose <\/span>the <\/span>RCA-NBC <\/span>renewal <\/span>application<\/span>.<\/span>[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Many experts <\/span>in the field <\/span>seriously <\/span>doubted <\/span>the wisdom<\/span> <\/span>of <\/span>Philco<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>attorneys <\/span>choosing to <\/span>pursu<\/span>e<\/span> such a <\/span>narrow<\/span>ly<\/span>–<\/span>focused<\/span> <\/span>legal <\/span>course<\/span> of action<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>But<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>that did not <\/span>faze<\/span> <\/span>Philco<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>sharp <\/span>l<\/span>egal team <\/span>who <\/span>mov<\/span>ed <\/span>ahead <\/span>with <\/span>their plans <\/span>even though they knew f<\/span>ull well that <\/span>their <\/span>chances <\/span>of <\/span>winning <\/span>that case <\/span>were slim<\/span> to none<\/span>. <\/span>By this point, <\/span>it <\/span>didn\u2019t <\/span>matter much to Philco whether <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany <\/span>had <\/span>or had not <\/span>intentionally <\/span>violated <\/span>numerous <\/span>antitrust <\/span>laws <\/span>over the past decade <\/span>starting <\/span>with <\/span>the<\/span> <\/span>W<\/span>estinghouse <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> <\/span>trade <\/span>eight years <\/span>earlier<\/span>.<\/span> It was out for revenge.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

During the <\/span>prolonged <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>newspaper strike <\/span>many <\/span>of <\/span>local newspaper <\/span>columnists, reporters, technicians and writers work<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>temporarily<\/span> at KYW-Cleveland<\/span>.[10]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>As a public se<\/span>r<\/span>vice<\/span>, t<\/span>he <\/span>s<\/span>tation <\/span>increased its <\/span>daily <\/span>news <\/span>coverage from <\/span>just over <\/span>three <\/span>to <\/span>six <\/span>hours<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Apparently, <\/span>that was the right <\/span>strategy <\/span>to follow <\/span>then <\/span>as <\/span>first <\/span>quarter <\/span>KYW <\/span>r<\/span>evenues<\/span> <\/span>for \u201963 <\/span>reached a new all-time high<\/span> level<\/span>.<\/span>[11]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Appreciating its <\/span>expanded <\/span>news <\/span>coverage<\/span> <\/span>l<\/span>ed <\/span>the public <\/span>to <\/span>clamor for<\/span> <\/span>even <\/span>more<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>The <\/span>first years of the <\/span>19<\/span>60s <\/span>also <\/span>foreshadowed <\/span>fantastic <\/span>breakthroughs <\/span>in <\/span>the way<\/span> in which<\/span> advertisers and <\/span>their broadcasting <\/span>partners sold<\/span> <\/span>their heralded <\/span>m<\/span>erchandise <\/span>o<\/span>ver the <\/span>local <\/span>air<\/span>waves<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Very s<\/span>impl<\/span>e messag<\/span>ing <\/span>increasingly <\/span>replac<\/span>e<\/span>d<\/span> <\/span>the <\/span>more <\/span>in-depth <\/span>analysis <\/span>of the recent past <\/span>as <\/span>t<\/span>he advertising world<\/span> <\/span>gradually changed its mind <\/span>as to <\/span>what <\/span>exactly <\/span>constituted effective <\/span>new <\/span>p<\/span>romotional <\/span>strateg<\/span>ies<\/span> and techniques<\/span>. <\/span>In <\/span>large<\/span>r<\/span> <\/span>and larger <\/span>droves, <\/span>advertising firms <\/span>throughout the U.S. <\/span>began to <\/span>emphasize <\/span>cooler<\/span>\u201d<\/span> sound<\/span>s<\/span> and <\/span>simpler pres<\/span>en<\/span>tat<\/span>ion<\/span>s.<\/span> Th<\/span>at new approach towards advertising fitted right into KYW-Radio\u2019s wheelhouse. Its shrewd promoters were always seeking effective new ways in which to expand their corporate brand and image by utilizing bright and effective new advertising methods.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Depending <\/span>on <\/span>greater <\/span>d<\/span>etailed <\/span>customer surveys became <\/span>increasingly <\/span>important whenever <\/span>updating <\/span>a <\/span>co<\/span>rporate <\/span>image<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Powerful <\/span>surveys <\/span>encapsulated <\/span>much <\/span>broader<\/span>-based<\/span> <\/span>business <\/span>a<\/span>nd <\/span>social <\/span>issues <\/span>that <\/span>were <\/span>affect<\/span>ing radio <\/span>broadcast<\/span>ing compan<\/span>ies <\/span>throughout the country<\/span>. <\/span>The majority <\/span>of <\/span>th<\/span>ose <\/span>well-executed <\/span>customer <\/span>surveys <\/span>not only <\/span>dealt with <\/span>the <\/span>particular <\/span>likes and dislikes of <\/span>their <\/span>locally-based <\/span>listen<\/span>ing audience<\/span>; but also, <\/span>provided a boatload of useful hints and <\/span>suggest<\/span>ions intended <\/span>to <\/span>significantly <\/span>improve <\/span>current <\/span>program<\/span> option<\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Such <\/span>was the case<\/span> w<\/span>hen <\/span>marketers for the <\/span>W<\/span>estinghouse <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> tabulated <\/span>their <\/span>own<\/span> <\/span>survey<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>in late <\/span>\u2018<\/span>62<\/span>. <\/span>They <\/span>discovered that t<\/span>he public wanted <\/span>Westinghouse Broadcasting <\/span>to <\/span>modernize <\/span>its <\/span>old fashion <\/span>corporate <\/span>image<\/span>. They saw it <\/span>as a way <\/span>for WBC to <\/span>identify<\/span> <\/span>more directly <\/span>with <\/span>the<\/span>ir many<\/span> listen<\/span>ers<\/span>. <\/span>W<\/span>estinghouse officials<\/span> <\/span>took <\/span>that idea <\/span>to heart and in <\/span>May <\/span>19<\/span>63 <\/span>they <\/span>dramatically<\/span> <\/span>changed <\/span>their <\/span>rather <\/span>outdated <\/span>logo<\/span>.<\/span> Don <\/span>McGannon<\/span> <\/span>saw <\/span>th<\/span>at <\/span>change <\/span>as part of a <\/span>much larger overhaul that would <\/span>lead to <\/span>some <\/span>new programs directed towards younger <\/span>people<\/span>.[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Westinghouse<\/span> <\/span>programmers were<\/span> not alone <\/span>in <\/span>revising <\/span>their corporate <\/span>image<\/span>. <\/span>Both <\/span>NBC and <\/span>CBS had <\/span>done <\/span>the same thing <\/span>at <\/span>the beginning of th<\/span>e 1960s<\/span>. <\/span>The <\/span>public loved <\/span>Westinghouse\u2019s<\/span> <\/span>new <\/span>\u201c<\/span>Group W<\/span>\u201d<\/span> <\/span>logo<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>It was cool<\/span>!<\/span> <\/span>Not only did <\/span>it <\/span>embody<\/span> <\/span>a <\/span>mo<\/span>dern <\/span>image: <\/span>but also<\/span>, <\/span>epitomized <\/span>the <\/span>many new <\/span>economic and <\/span>social <\/span>force<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>that w<\/span>ere<\/span> <\/span>sweeping <\/span>across <\/span>the <\/span>radio <\/span>industry<\/span> at that<\/span> very <\/span>time<\/span>. Group W <\/span>publicists made it <\/span>quite <\/span>clear that <\/span>their network <\/span>was not <\/span>some <\/span>enormous<\/span>, <\/span>uncaring<\/span> <\/span>broadcast<\/span>ing company<\/span>; but rather<\/span>, <\/span>six <\/span>independent <\/span>rad<\/span>i<\/span>o and five television <\/span>outlets<\/span> that had <\/span>banned <\/span>together <\/span>to provide the best possible <\/span>news and <\/span>programming<\/span> to its many loyal followers<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>A w<\/span>ell-known i<\/span>ndustrial design<\/span> team <\/span>called <\/span>Lippincott<\/span> and Margulies <\/span>oversaw it<\/span>.[13]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Th<\/span>o<\/span>se <\/span>smartly <\/span>oper<\/span>a<\/span>t<\/span>ed <\/span>local radio <\/span>outlets <\/span>knew <\/span>exactly <\/span>what needed to <\/span>be <\/span>do<\/span>ne<\/span> <\/span>to spruce up their <\/span>co<\/span>rporate <\/span>image <\/span>and <\/span>they were <\/span>more than <\/span>willing <\/span>to <\/span>do <\/span>just that<\/span> to maintain their lead over their competitors<\/span>.<\/span>[14]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Exploring new vistas <\/span>enabled <\/span>W<\/span>BC<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>many <\/span>clever <\/span>radio <\/span>personalities <\/span>to make the most <\/span>out <\/span>of their <\/span>limited <\/span>budgets <\/span>while <\/span>still <\/span>outperform<\/span>ing<\/span> <\/span>their <\/span>closest <\/span>rivals<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>You might w<\/span>onder <\/span>whether <\/span>that <\/span>bu<\/span>siness <\/span>approach <\/span>would <\/span>h<\/span>o<\/span>ld <\/span>up over <\/span>time.<\/span> Well, t<\/span>he proof was in the pudding as Westinghouse <\/span>radio <\/span>repeatedly <\/span>achieved <\/span>high <\/span>local <\/span>ratings<\/span> nationwide<\/span> well into the following decade<\/span>. <\/span>As they said <\/span>then <\/span>\u201c<\/span>No one beat<\/span>s<\/span> Westinghouse<\/span> and that\u2019s a fact<\/span>.<\/span>\u201d<\/span> <\/span>T<\/span>h<\/span>eir <\/span>cool DJs<\/span>, <\/span>relevant <\/span>program<\/span>ming<\/span> and <\/span>desirable <\/span>promotions <\/span>became<\/span> <\/span>the <\/span>new <\/span>standard<\/span> <\/span>of <\/span>broadcasting <\/span>excellence <\/span>that was soon <\/span>emulated by <\/span>many <\/span>other<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>from coast to coast<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

The summer of \u201963 saw <\/span>the retu<\/span>r<\/span>n of <\/span>T<\/span>om Griffiths to <\/span>l<\/span>ate night<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>at KYW <\/span>while <\/span>Carl Reese <\/span>(1931-2014) <\/span>assumed <\/span>the <\/span>early evening <\/span>duties.[15]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Also, <\/span>KYW\u2019s <\/span>Music Director Jim Leckrone <\/span>(1936-2012) <\/span>was promoted to <\/span>producer <\/span>of <\/span>\u201c<\/span>Contact<\/span>.\u201d <\/span>Like so many other<\/span> <\/span>local radio <\/span>leader<\/span>s<\/span> of the day<\/span>, Leckrone <\/span>ascrib<\/span>ed<\/span> to <\/span>the <\/span>tight<\/span>ly-held<\/span> <\/span>professional <\/span>standards <\/span>first<\/span> <\/span>established <\/span>by <\/span>Bud Wendell<\/span> <\/span>and others <\/span>in the <\/span>rebel rousing <\/span>days of the late <\/span>\u2018<\/span>50s<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Over the years, <\/span>KYW-Radio <\/span>had received its fair share of <\/span>prestigious <\/span>awards <\/span>for its <\/span>many <\/span>outstanding <\/span>community<\/span>-based<\/span> <\/span>programs<\/span>. <\/span>But<\/span>, <\/span>nothing <\/span>seemed to equal <\/span>t<\/span>he American Bar Association<\/span>\u2019s \u201cSilver Gavel Award<\/span>.<\/span>\u201d[16]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Th<\/span>e<\/span> <\/span>previous <\/span>November<\/span>, <\/span>KY-<\/span>11 <\/span>had broadcasted <\/span>a<\/span> series of interviews <\/span>that <\/span>led to <\/span>a better <\/span>overall <\/span>u<\/span>nderstanding <\/span>of <\/span>how <\/span>the <\/span>l<\/span>aw<\/span> affects <\/span>the average person<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Th<\/span>is <\/span>s<\/span>pecial<\/span> <\/span>award <\/span>thank<\/span>ed <\/span>KYW <\/span>for <\/span>conducting such <\/span>thought provoking <\/span>presentations. <\/span>A<\/span>n <\/span>ad <\/span>in the <\/span>July 23<\/span><\/span>rd<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>Broadcasting, The Business Weekly of Television & Radio<\/span><\/span><\/em> <\/span>proclaimed <\/span>that <\/span>the <\/span>new <\/span>Group \u201c<\/span>W<\/span>\u201d <\/span>now <\/span>had<\/span> <\/span>their own<\/span> <\/span>European<\/span> <\/span>news bureau<\/span> <\/span>head<\/span>ed <\/span>by Rod MacLeish<\/span>.[17]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>That overseas <\/span>connection <\/span>provide<\/span>d<\/span> <\/span>them <\/span>with <\/span>daily <\/span>news <\/span>feeds <\/span>a<\/span>s well as <\/span>weekly <\/span>summar<\/span>ies <\/span>o<\/span>n<\/span> <\/span>important<\/span> <\/span>world <\/span>events<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

On August 7<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span>, <\/span>the <\/span>W<\/span>estinghouse Broadcasting Company <\/span>named Don McGannon <\/span>to <\/span>replac<\/span>e<\/span> <\/span>E.V. Huggins<\/span> as its <\/span>board <\/span>chairman<\/span>.<\/span>[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>T<\/span>hat <\/span>autumn<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>fed<\/span>eral officials <\/span>mov<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>closer towards <\/span>re<\/span>aching <\/span>a decision <\/span>regarding the <\/span>WRCV <\/span>license <\/span>renewal<\/span> case<\/span>.[19]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>The FCC\u2019s <\/span>Broadcast Bureau <\/span>strongly recommended <\/span>that <\/span>Chief <\/span>Examiner James D. Cunningham <\/span>deny <\/span>NBC\u2019s <\/span>latest <\/span>request.[20]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>It<\/span> <\/span>argued <\/span>that <\/span>the network <\/span>had <\/span>secured <\/span>its Philly outlet <\/span>by <\/span>bullying<\/span> W<\/span>BC <\/span>into <\/span>a<\/span>ccepting <\/span>it<\/span>.[21]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Earlier <\/span>that <\/span>summer<\/span>,<\/span> KYW <\/span>proudly announced the <\/span>hir<\/span>ing of <\/span>Jerry G. <\/span>His fun loving nature <\/span>was <\/span>greatly appreciated a<\/span>t KY-11 <\/span>as <\/span>that station <\/span>e<\/span>volv<\/span>e<\/span>d<\/span> <\/span>from a <\/span>local <\/span>mid<\/span>dle<\/span>–<\/span>of<\/span>–<\/span>the<\/span>–<\/span>road <\/span>music <\/span>and information <\/span>station <\/span>to a <\/span>regional <\/span>Top 40 block buster<\/span> outlet<\/span>.[22]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Jerry (Ghan) (Bishop) <\/span>(1936-2013) <\/span>not only <\/span>had <\/span>the <\/span>privilege <\/span>of <\/span>tour<\/span>ing <\/span>with <\/span>the Beatles <\/span>during <\/span>both <\/span>their <\/span>triumphant <\/span>U.S. tours; but also, <\/span>had <\/span>record<\/span>ed<\/span> his-own <\/span>popular <\/span>45 <\/span>single <\/span>called <\/span>\u201cShe\u2019s Gone.\u201d He replaced Carl Reese who <\/span>would <\/span>later gain<\/span> <\/span>local <\/span>recognition <\/span>as a <\/span>top notch <\/span>broadcaster <\/span>on <\/span>W<\/span>JW <\/span>and W<\/span>CLV-AM.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Jerry G\u2019s <\/span>arrival in Cleveland <\/span>was <\/span>not some <\/span>random <\/span>act<\/span> <\/span>initiated<\/span> by <\/span>desperate <\/span>program<\/span> coordinators <\/span>needing to <\/span>cover <\/span>airtime<\/span> hardly<\/span>.<\/span> H<\/span>e came <\/span>to that city <\/span>at a time <\/span>when <\/span>KYW-AM <\/span>was <\/span>rapidly <\/span>developing into <\/span>a <\/span>Top 40<\/span> <\/span>s<\/span>ensation<\/span>. <\/span>The many <\/span>heated<\/span> <\/span>arguments <\/span>among <\/span>its <\/span>many <\/span>programmers <\/span>over the <\/span>past decade regarding <\/span>the <\/span>long-term <\/span>value <\/span>of <\/span>mid<\/span>dle-of-the-road <\/span>music <\/span>vs. <\/span>rock and roll <\/span>were<\/span> finally <\/span>put to rest<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>All of them <\/span>had to admit <\/span>that <\/span>Top 40<\/span> broadcasting <\/span>was here to stay<\/span> and that <\/span>KY-11 <\/span>need<\/span>ed<\/span> to <\/span>assume a leading role in it<\/span> <\/span>ASAP<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>As you might have <\/span>already <\/span>guessed, t<\/span>he <\/span>big <\/span>question <\/span>facing <\/span>KY<\/span>W<\/span> program <\/span>personnel <\/span>in <\/span>19<\/span>64 <\/span>was <\/span>whether <\/span>th<\/span>at <\/span>outlet <\/span>should <\/span>gradually <\/span>ease <\/span>itself <\/span>into Top 40 by <\/span>embracing <\/span>the <\/span>more<\/span> moderate<\/span> \u201ccontemporary sound\u201d<\/span> <\/span>first <\/span>or <\/span>plunge <\/span>right into <\/span>rock and roll<\/span> without looking back<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>It took <\/span>the <\/span>soaring <\/span>number<\/span>s<\/span> of <\/span>teen<\/span> <\/span>listeners <\/span>in <\/span>the late \u201850s and <\/span>early \u2018<\/span>60s<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>before <\/span>the <\/span>scales <\/span>finally <\/span>tilted <\/span>in favor of <\/span>Top 40<\/span> programming<\/span> over <\/span>the <\/span>more <\/span>mellow<\/span> <\/span>sounds <\/span>of <\/span>\u201c<\/span>contemporary <\/span>music.<\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

High<\/span>ly<\/span> vocal<\/span> <\/span>local <\/span>a<\/span>dvertisers<\/span> that <\/span>had <\/span>progressively <\/span>favored fast<\/span>–<\/span>paced <\/span>Top 40 <\/span>format<\/span>s<\/span> over <\/span>more <\/span>\u201ccontemporary sounds<\/span>,<\/span>\u201d also played a <\/span>decisive <\/span>role in <\/span>the <\/span>outcome<\/span>. <\/span>The <\/span>majority of those <\/span>buying spot advertising<\/span> on KY-11<\/span> fully believed that Top 40<\/span> station<\/span>s<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>with <\/span>very <\/span>rare exception<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>gave <\/span>them the <\/span>biggest<\/span> return<\/span>. <\/span>As you m<\/span>ight <\/span>remember, <\/span>KYW-Cleveland <\/span>had <\/span>attempted <\/span>to <\/span>please <\/span>its <\/span>growing <\/span>teen<\/span>age<\/span> audience <\/span>in the late 1950s <\/span>by <\/span>play<\/span>ing <\/span>more <\/span>rock and roll<\/span> <\/span>music <\/span>primarily <\/span>through <\/span>targeted <\/span>programs such as the <\/span>\u201cHi-Fi Club<\/span>.<\/span>\u201d<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>However, <\/span>as everyone <\/span>now knew <\/span>\u201c<\/span>the times<\/span>,<\/span> they were a <\/span>changin.\u201d<\/span> <\/span>Its <\/span>many <\/span>program<\/span> advocates <\/span>also <\/span>fully <\/span>recognized <\/span>that <\/span>most <\/span>Top 40<\/span> outlet<\/span>s <\/span>ma<\/span>de <\/span>t<\/span>on<\/span>s <\/span>of <\/span>money<\/span> <\/span>when <\/span>compared <\/span>to<\/span> <\/span>most of <\/span>their <\/span>rival <\/span>\u201c<\/span>contemporary <\/span>music\u201d <\/span>stations<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>If <\/span>anyone <\/span>had any <\/span>doubts<\/span> <\/span>on that score <\/span>they <\/span>had only <\/span>to <\/span>review <\/span>the <\/span>extraordinary <\/span>success <\/span>of <\/span>lead<\/span>ing <\/span>regional <\/span>AM outl<\/span>e<\/span>ts <\/span>such<\/span> as <\/span>WABC<\/span> in New York<\/span> <\/span>or <\/span>WLS<\/span> in Chicago<\/span>. <\/span>By the <\/span>19<\/span>70s, <\/span>WABC reported <\/span>a <\/span>daily <\/span>listening <\/span>audience<\/span> of over <\/span>8 <\/span>million<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Hard to beat that figure. <\/span>Mid<\/span>-sized <\/span>broadcaster<\/span>s<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>such as KYW<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>full<\/span>y understood <\/span>that <\/span>they <\/span>must follow <\/span>a similar <\/span>programming <\/span>format <\/span>if they <\/span>plann<\/span>ed <\/span>to <\/span>stay <\/span>on <\/span>top<\/span>. <\/span>But, it was more than <\/span>just <\/span>that<\/span> <\/span>realization <\/span>alone<\/span> that sealed the deal<\/span> for leaders such as 1100 AM<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>G<\/span>rowing <\/span>compet<\/span>itive <\/span>by <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>rivals <\/span>such as <\/span>WHK <\/span>and <\/span>WJ<\/span>W<\/span> mad<\/span>e<\/span> that switch imperative<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Realizing <\/span>that <\/span>major <\/span>changes were <\/span>about to <\/span>occur prompted <\/span>the <\/span>Board of Directors at the <\/span>W<\/span>estinghouse <\/span>Broadcasting<\/span> Company <\/span>to <\/span>approve the <\/span>transfer <\/span>one of <\/span>its <\/span>brightest <\/span>programmers <\/span>from <\/span>KEX<\/span>–<\/span>P<\/span>ortland<\/span>, OR<\/span> <\/span>to <\/span>K<\/span>YW in <\/span>Cleveland<\/span>, OH<\/span>.<\/span> Within <\/span>a few <\/span>months<\/span>, <\/span>Ken Draper<\/span> <\/span>had <\/span>successfully <\/span>converted <\/span>this <\/span>mid<\/span>dle<\/span>–<\/span>of<\/span>–<\/span>the<\/span>–<\/span>road <\/span>Westinghouse <\/span>broadcaster <\/span>into one of <\/span>this <\/span>nation<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>fastest growing <\/span>Top 40<\/span> <\/span>station<\/span>s<\/span>. <\/span>Now called KY<\/span>–<\/span>11<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>its <\/span>fast-talking, fun<\/span>–<\/span>loving <\/span>radio <\/span>personalities <\/span>were <\/span>some of <\/span>America\u2019s <\/span>fine<\/span>st. <\/span>They <\/span>included Jerry G, Specs Howard, Harry <\/span>Martin<\/span>, <\/span>Jim <\/span>Runyon<\/span> and Jim <\/span>Stagg<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>The addition of <\/span>a host of <\/span>acclaimed<\/span> <\/span>news<\/span>cast<\/span>er<\/span>s a<\/span>long with <\/span>continual <\/span>high <\/span>ratings<\/span> <\/span>was <\/span>the <\/span>icing on the cake<\/span>. <\/span>You might wonder how <\/span>th<\/span>at programming <\/span>change <\/span>affected <\/span>local <\/span>advertis<\/span>ers<\/span>.<\/span> It revolutionized <\/span>everything <\/span>as <\/span>more <\/span>and more <\/span>ad men join<\/span>ed<\/span> the <\/span>growing <\/span>KYW<\/span> <\/span>bandwagon<\/span>. <\/span>S<\/span>kyrocketing <\/span>earnings <\/span>meant that <\/span>this <\/span>Group \u201c<\/span>W<\/span>\u201d <\/span>powerhouse was <\/span>rapidly <\/span>becoming a <\/span>prominent <\/span>force <\/span>with<\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>growing <\/span>Top 40 <\/span>radio <\/span>market<\/span>.<\/span> Everything was cool<\/span> as more <\/span>and more <\/span>people listened to <\/span>the fabulous <\/span>new <\/span>and exciting <\/span>sound<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>resonating <\/span>out of the <\/span>KY-11<\/span> studios<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

O<\/span>n October 20<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span>, <\/span>station officials <\/span>received a<\/span> special <\/span>award <\/span>from the Ohio State Nurses<\/span>\u2019<\/span> Association<\/span> for its <\/span>many <\/span>outstanding <\/span>shows <\/span>promoting better <\/span>health<\/span>.<\/span>[23]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>I<\/span>nfluential <\/span>leaders <\/span>from <\/span>a variety of <\/span>fields <\/span>such as <\/span>broadcasting, education, entertainment and government <\/span>participated in <\/span>the 5<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> annual <\/span>conference <\/span>held <\/span>in Cleveland <\/span>starting <\/span>on <\/span>November<\/span> 1<\/span>1, 1963<\/span>.[24]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Featuring <\/span>comedians <\/span>Steve Allen<\/span> <\/span>(1921-2000) <\/span>and <\/span>Dic<\/span>k Gregory <\/span>(1932-2017) <\/span>a<\/span>long with <\/span>M<\/span>ichael <\/span>H. <\/span>Dann<\/span> (1921-2016)<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>the <\/span>VP of <\/span>CBS <\/span>Programs<\/span>, this <\/span>influential <\/span>g<\/span>athering<\/span> included <\/span>a <\/span>wide <\/span>range of <\/span>well-known <\/span>experts including R<\/span>obert Lewis Shayo<\/span>n<\/span> (1912-2008),<\/span> <\/span>the <\/span>Television Editor of <\/span><\/span>Saturday Review<\/em> and Dr. Henry Lee Smith<\/span> Jr. (1913-1972)<\/span>, <\/span>a <\/span>Professor of Linguistics at SUNY-Buffalo<\/span>. <\/span>Guest speakers included <\/span>the <\/span>U.S. Commissioner of Education Francis Keppel, U.S. Secretary of State Dean Rusk and FCC Chairman E. William Henry.[25]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Those s<\/span>essions dealt with <\/span>such <\/span>important <\/span>things <\/span>as <\/span>the great<\/span> <\/span>economic <\/span>opportunities<\/span> <\/span>awaiting those <\/span>were <\/span>about to <\/span>enter<\/span> <\/span>either <\/span>advertising <\/span>or <\/span>broadcasting<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Th<\/span>at same <\/span>autumn, th<\/span>e <\/span>fed<\/span>s <\/span>released <\/span>the latest <\/span><\/span>U.S. Census<\/span><\/span><\/em> <\/span>figures.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Philadelphia<\/span> <\/span>was <\/span>the <\/span>fourth <\/span>largest <\/span>market <\/span>with 4<\/span>.<\/span>3<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> <\/span>people <\/span>while <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>ranked <\/span>eleventh <\/span>at <\/span>1<\/span>.<\/span>9<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span>.[26]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Nineteen sixty-three <\/span>ended <\/span>with <\/span><\/span>The C<\/span>leveland Plain Dealer<\/span><\/span><\/em> <\/span>i<\/span>nterview<\/span>ing <\/span>James P. Storer<\/span> (1927-2012)<\/span>. The <\/span>GM at <\/span>Cleveland<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>W<\/span>JW<\/span>, Storer<\/span> <\/span>made some <\/span>startling <\/span>predictions <\/span>about <\/span>the future of <\/span>radio <\/span>broadcasting<\/span> in the U.S.[27]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>He <\/span>envisioned<\/span> <\/span>the day when <\/span>music<\/span> and <\/span>not <\/span>talk<\/span> shows<\/span> <\/span>would rule <\/span>the <\/span>local radio <\/span>airways<\/span>. Storer <\/span>also <\/span>hoped that <\/span>his <\/span>company owned and operated <\/span>station <\/span>in Cleveland <\/span>wo<\/span>uld <\/span>continue to <\/span>maintain a prominent place <\/span>in <\/span>local <\/span>broadcasting<\/span>. <\/span>However, he <\/span>had to <\/span>admit that <\/span>WJW<\/span>-Radio<\/span> was <\/span>no match <\/span>against the likes of <\/span>local <\/span>radio <\/span>giants <\/span>such as <\/span>KY<\/span>-11<\/span>.[28]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

The<\/span> <\/span>commercial radio <\/span>industry <\/span>in 19<\/span>63 <\/span>recorded <\/span>a remarkable 78% increase in <\/span>earnings <\/span>since 1961<\/span>. <\/span>Also, <\/span>billing <\/span>had grown by <\/span>13% <\/span>while <\/span>th<\/span>e <\/span>p<\/span>ercentage <\/span>of <\/span>houses <\/span>with <\/span>one or more <\/span>radios<\/span> had reached <\/span>a new<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>all-time <\/span>high of <\/span>94%<\/span>. <\/span>Similarly<\/span>, w<\/span>eekly <\/span>radio <\/span>l<\/span>istening time <\/span>had <\/span>nearly <\/span>top <\/span>100 <\/span>minute<\/span>s<\/span> while <\/span>somewhere around <\/span>14<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> <\/span>to <\/span>15<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> <\/span>homes <\/span>regularly tuned in<\/span>to<\/span> <\/span>FM <\/span>broadcasts<\/span>. <\/span>Ken <\/span>Draper <\/span>introduced <\/span>two <\/span>major <\/span>changes<\/span> <\/span>to <\/span>the KYW <\/span>daily <\/span>radio <\/span>lineup <\/span>starting <\/span>in January, <\/span>19<\/span>64<\/span>. <\/span>The first one involved <\/span>Al James <\/span>who <\/span>brief<\/span>ly <\/span>took <\/span>over the <\/span>Midn<\/span>ight <\/span>time <\/span>slot <\/span>following <\/span>the <\/span>resignation <\/span>of <\/span>Thomas Griffith<\/span>s.[29]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>The second change concerned <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>well-<\/span>respected<\/span> <\/span>linguist <\/span>and <\/span>national<\/span>ly-recognized<\/span> <\/span>television celebrity <\/span>named <\/span>Bergen <\/span>B. <\/span>Evans<\/span>. He <\/span>now <\/span>host<\/span>ed<\/span> a <\/span>new <\/span>Wednesday<\/span> <\/span>night<\/span> show<\/span> <\/span>on KYW-Radio <\/span>called <\/span>\u201cWords in the News<\/span>.<\/span>\u201d<\/span> It <\/span>immediately <\/span>followed <\/span>\u201cContact.\u201d[30]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

One <\/span>writer <\/span>at <\/span><\/span>The C<\/span>leveland Plain Dealer,<\/span><\/span><\/em> Ja<\/span>mes B. Flanagan, wrote a<\/span>n in-depth <\/span>piece on January 18<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> <\/span>devoted to <\/span>KYW<\/span>-Radio<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>highly successful <\/span>morning <\/span>team of <\/span>Mar<\/span>t<\/span>in & Howard<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>He <\/span>had to <\/span>admit <\/span>that it took him <\/span>a while before he <\/span>fully <\/span>appreciate<\/span>d<\/span> their <\/span>off<\/span>-the-wall <\/span>humor.[31]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>But<\/span>, he <\/span>also <\/span>had to <\/span>confess <\/span>that once you got <\/span>used<\/span> to <\/span>it <\/span>they were <\/span>hilarious<\/span>. Debuting i<\/span>n July \u2018<\/span>62, <\/span>this <\/span>dynamic <\/span>duo <\/span>had to fill the <\/span>large <\/span>void <\/span>created when <\/span>the city\u2019s favorite <\/span>Big Wilson<\/span> left Cleveland<\/span>. <\/span>T<\/span>hey d<\/span>id it <\/span>admirably<\/span> with <\/span>memorable <\/span>offbeat <\/span>characters <\/span>such as <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>songwriter <\/span>named <\/span>Clark Freeway; a drunk <\/span>known as <\/span>Barney Gulch<\/span> and <\/span>two <\/span>prissy <\/span>nieces appropriately <\/span>call<\/span>ed Bertha and Millicent Bandelaise Brown<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Both jocks <\/span>had <\/span>engaged in <\/span>some <\/span>acting<\/span> <\/span>in college<\/span> <\/span>with <\/span>Harry <\/span>Martin <\/span>singing <\/span>briefly <\/span>with <\/span>the <\/span>Robert Shaw<\/span> chorale<\/span>. <\/span>W<\/span>ith <\/span>zany antics <\/span>and <\/span>a host of <\/span>corny jokes<\/span> ready to go<\/span> <\/span>at any <\/span>minute<\/span>,<\/span> Martin & Howard <\/span>rapidly <\/span>became <\/span>local <\/span>broadcasting <\/span>legend<\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Their combined <\/span>talents<\/span> <\/span>made <\/span>KY-11 <\/span>the <\/span>prime <\/span>lea<\/span>der <\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>local <\/span>Top 40<\/span> <\/span>market<\/span> <\/span>by the <\/span>mid<\/span>–<\/span>\u201860s<\/span>.[32]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

February <\/span>19<\/span>64 <\/span>saw <\/span>the arrival of <\/span>another <\/span>popular <\/span>DJ <\/span>that <\/span>was destined <\/span>for stardom<\/span>. <\/span>A Miami<\/span> entertainer<\/span> and brother of <\/span>the <\/span>popular <\/span>Hollywood <\/span>actor Larry Storch<\/span>, <\/span>Jay Lawrence <\/span>found himself drawn to <\/span>the city of <\/span>Cleveland by the <\/span>phenomenal<\/span> <\/span>success of KY<\/span>W-Radio.[33]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Everyone in commercial radio<\/span> <\/span>was talking about <\/span>that AM station<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>and why not<\/span>. <\/span>Lawrence <\/span>quickly became <\/span>a<\/span>n influential <\/span>force in <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>radio <\/span>until 19<\/span>68 <\/span>when<\/span> he <\/span>left <\/span>for Los Angeles<\/span>. He <\/span>later <\/span>di<\/span>d <\/span>broadcast<\/span> <\/span>stints <\/span>on both <\/span>WNEW-<\/span>New York and KTAR<\/span>–<\/span>Phoenix. <\/span>M<\/span>ore recently,<\/span> he <\/span>served as <\/span>a<\/span>n<\/span> <\/span>Arizona State Congressman. <\/span>Without a doubt, <\/span>his <\/span>successful broadcasting <\/span>career <\/span>in <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>began <\/span>whe<\/span>n <\/span>he <\/span>took over <\/span>the <\/span>12 <\/span>Midnight<\/span> <\/span>slot<\/span>. <\/span>Lawrence\u2019s colleague <\/span>Jim Stagg <\/span>also <\/span>made <\/span>quite <\/span>a name for himself that <\/span>same <\/span>winter <\/span>when <\/span>he <\/span>hiked <\/span>all the way <\/span>from Akron to Cleveland <\/span>for <\/span>the March of Dimes.[34]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>When <\/span>station <\/span>officials praised him for <\/span>t<\/span>his <\/span>daring <\/span>effort<\/span>, he <\/span>simply <\/span>shrugged it off saying that it <\/span>was <\/span>a <\/span>part of <\/span>his job.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

KYW\u2019s <\/span>high <\/span>ratings <\/span>in <\/span>March <\/span>1964 <\/span>demonstrated <\/span>Ken Draper\u2019s <\/span>program <\/span>mastery<\/span> at its <\/span>finest<\/span>. He <\/span>was doing <\/span>all the <\/span>right<\/span> things<\/span> <\/span>repeatedly.<\/span>[35]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Th<\/span>e station\u2019<\/span>s <\/span>new and <\/span>exciting <\/span>rock and roll <\/span>format <\/span>did <\/span>n<\/span>ot <\/span>represent <\/span>some <\/span>half-baked<\/span> <\/span>idea that w<\/span>ould <\/span>explode<\/span> <\/span>in their face <\/span>at <\/span>any moment<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Everything <\/span>affecting <\/span>daily <\/span>programming <\/span>was <\/span>carefully<\/span> orchestrated<\/span> <\/span>by <\/span>Ken <\/span>Draper<\/span> and his <\/span>in<\/span>novated <\/span>crew<\/span>. <\/span>At the same time<\/span>, <\/span>his <\/span>seemingly <\/span>off-handed approach <\/span>towards <\/span>it <\/span>all <\/span>left <\/span>the <\/span>r<\/span>e<\/span>st of <\/span>Cleveland<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> radio <\/span>managers <\/span>f<\/span>rantically <\/span>searching <\/span>around <\/span>for <\/span>their own<\/span> <\/span>new <\/span>format. <\/span>Nothing seemed outside <\/span>their capabilities<\/span> <\/span>a<\/span>nd yet everything seem<\/span>ed <\/span>just <\/span>beyond their <\/span>immediate <\/span>grasp. <\/span>However, <\/span>th<\/span>e <\/span>internal <\/span>programming <\/span>struggles <\/span>and turmoil <\/span>f<\/span>ac<\/span>ing <\/span>so many <\/span>of <\/span>KYW\u2019s <\/span>local <\/span>competitors <\/span>in early <\/span>\u2018<\/span>64 <\/span>rarely <\/span>reached <\/span>the <\/span>public<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>In fact, <\/span>radio leaders <\/span>appeared not to <\/span>care <\/span>in the least <\/span>as to what <\/span>KY-11<\/span> was doing<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Nowhere<\/span> was that more evident than in <\/span>a<\/span> special <\/span>in<\/span>terview<\/span> <\/span>conducted <\/span>by <\/span>Alvin Bean of <\/span><\/span>The C<\/span>leveland Plain Dealer<\/span><\/span><\/em> <\/span>with J<\/span>ack <\/span>G. <\/span>Thayer <\/span>(1922-1996)<\/span> the GM and VP<\/span> <\/span>at WHK. Thayer <\/span>expressed every <\/span>confidence that <\/span>his <\/span>successful <\/span>o<\/span>utlet <\/span>could <\/span>easily <\/span>ride out the <\/span>present <\/span>ratings <\/span>storm<\/span>.[36]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>He <\/span>was equally <\/span>sure that <\/span>the <\/span>Cleveland<\/span> <\/span>market would not have any trouble<\/span> <\/span>support<\/span>ing <\/span>several high <\/span>quality <\/span>\u201ccontemporary music\u201d <\/span>AM <\/span>s<\/span>tations<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Thayer <\/span>firmly <\/span>believed <\/span>that<\/span> t<\/span>he time was right for <\/span>such <\/span>massive <\/span>programming <\/span>change<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>and <\/span>that<\/span> <\/span>KYW\u2019s <\/span>recent <\/span>antics<\/span> <\/span>both <\/span>on and off the air <\/span>might <\/span>produce the exact opposite effect<\/span> <\/span>it wanted <\/span>with<\/span> <\/span>its many<\/span> Cleveland listen<\/span>ers<\/span>. Instead of g<\/span>uaranteeing <\/span>fan loyalty<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>its recent actions <\/span>might encourage <\/span>some of <\/span>them <\/span>to make the <\/span>switch <\/span>t<\/span>o <\/span>the <\/span>all-<\/span>new <\/span>adult sound<\/span>s <\/span>of <\/span>WHK<\/span> at 1420 on your AM dial<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0A <\/span>thoroughly competent <\/span>and <\/span>highly <\/span>respected <\/span>leader<\/span>, <\/span>Thayer <\/span>later <\/span>became <\/span>President<\/span> of the National Broadcasting Company<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

If you think <\/span>for one moment <\/span>that <\/span>Ken Draper gloated <\/span>over h<\/span>is recent success you\u2019d be <\/span>dead <\/span>wrong. If anything, he <\/span>often tended to <\/span>downplay<\/span> his<\/span> many program<\/span> triumphs<\/span>. H<\/span>owever, <\/span>that did not prevent him from <\/span>tak<\/span>ing<\/span> <\/span>great <\/span>pride in the fact that <\/span>a <\/span>highly respected, <\/span>unnamed <\/span>rating <\/span>service <\/span>had purposely <\/span>gone out of its way to <\/span>congratulate <\/span>him <\/span>on <\/span>his<\/span> <\/span>outstanding <\/span>program<\/span> achievements<\/span>.[37]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>When all was said and done<\/span>, <\/span>KYW and WHK <\/span>jointly <\/span>controlled <\/span>about 50% of <\/span>Cleveland<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> <\/span>early \u201964 <\/span>radio <\/span>market<\/span>.<\/span> What gave WHK a slight edge <\/span>in the <\/span>local <\/span>ratings <\/span>occurred <\/span>later <\/span>that <\/span>same <\/span>year when 1420<\/span>–<\/span>AM <\/span>w<\/span>as named <\/span>the <\/span>\u201c<\/span>official<\/span> <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>station<\/span>\u201d<\/span> f<\/span>or<\/span> the <\/span>Beatles<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

G<\/span>uess<\/span> what, <\/span>the legal bickering <\/span>occurring <\/span>in Phil<\/span>adelphia<\/span> <\/span>over the NBC license renewal <\/span>continued<\/span> <\/span>right <\/span>into <\/span>the spring of <\/span>\u201964 <\/span>with no <\/span>apparent <\/span>end in sight<\/span>. However, t<\/span>h<\/span>e<\/span> prolonged legal <\/span>battle <\/span>between <\/span>Philco <\/span>a<\/span>nd <\/span>NBC <\/span>appeared <\/span>to <\/span>have <\/span>turn<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>a <\/span>corner <\/span>that <\/span>March.[38]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>In <\/span>its <\/span>closing<\/span> argument<\/span>s<\/span>, <\/span>Philco<\/span> <\/span>made it <\/span>incredibly <\/span>clear that the public<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> interest would not be served if <\/span>the FCC granted <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>Company<\/span> <\/span>its <\/span>license<\/span> renewal<\/span>. <\/span>T<\/span>he <\/span>rapidly <\/span>approaching <\/span>June 30<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> deadline <\/span>requiring <\/span>that <\/span>this prime <\/span>network <\/span>rid <\/span>itself <\/span>of <\/span>its Philly station <\/span>only <\/span>add<\/span>ed <\/span>further <\/span>fuel <\/span>to th<\/span>is <\/span>already <\/span>raging <\/span>legal <\/span>fire<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Chief Examiner Cunningham<\/span>\u2019s earlier <\/span>recommend<\/span>ation<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>that <\/span>had <\/span>called for <\/span>the FCC to <\/span>approv<\/span>e<\/span> <\/span>both <\/span>the <\/span>NBC <\/span>license <\/span>re<\/span>newal <\/span>a<\/span>nd <\/span>RKO <\/span>exchange <\/span>only <\/span>mudd<\/span>ied <\/span>th<\/span>os<\/span>e <\/span>legal <\/span>waters<\/span> <\/span>more<\/span>.[39]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Who would have <\/span>ever <\/span>imagined that the <\/span>commission\u2019s<\/span> <\/span>Broadcasting Bureau<\/span> would <\/span>ever <\/span>humb<\/span>l<\/span>e itself <\/span>enough <\/span>to <\/span>support Philco<\/span>\u2019s claims<\/span> over <\/span>those <\/span>articulated <\/span>by RCA-<\/span>NBC?<\/span> B<\/span>ut<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>that<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>exactly what <\/span>happene<\/span>d<\/span> <\/span>that <\/span>spring<\/span>. <\/span>The Bureau argued <\/span>that <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> <\/span>had <\/span>a <\/span>long<\/span> <\/span>history <\/span>of <\/span>coercing <\/span>other<\/span> <\/span>broadcast<\/span>ing companies <\/span>in<\/span>to accept<\/span>ing<\/span> <\/span>their <\/span>questionable <\/span>offer<\/span>s<\/span>. The <\/span>mounting <\/span>pressure placed on Westinghouse<\/span>\u2019s legal counsel<\/span> <\/span>by <\/span>RCA-<\/span>NBC <\/span>in the <\/span>mid-<\/span>1950s<\/span> <\/span>to accept the <\/span>station swap <\/span>show<\/span>ed <\/span>the extent to which <\/span>that network <\/span>w<\/span>as willing to go <\/span>to achieve its <\/span>highly <\/span>ambitious <\/span>business <\/span>goals<\/span> and objectives<\/span>. <\/span>The b<\/span>ureau said that <\/span>NBC must be punished<\/span> for <\/span>its <\/span>unfair actions<\/span>.[40]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

NBC<\/span>\u2019s counsel<\/span> <\/span>responded <\/span>to Philco\u2019s direct assault <\/span>by <\/span>challenging <\/span>the <\/span>legal <\/span>motives<\/span> <\/span>responsible for <\/span>Philco\u2019s recent <\/span>unprecedented <\/span>actions<\/span>. The network\u2019s legal team<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>further claimed <\/span>that <\/span>Philco\u2019s <\/span>original <\/span>legal o<\/span>bjection <\/span>to <\/span>NBC<\/span> receiving its <\/span>license renewal <\/span>symbolized <\/span>a <\/span>feeble<\/span> <\/span>attempt <\/span>by that Philadelphia-based corporation <\/span>to <\/span>justify <\/span>its <\/span>pending <\/span>$150<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> <\/span>patent suit <\/span>against <\/span>RCA-NBC<\/span>.[41]<\/sup><\/a> <\/span>As you might have <\/span>already <\/span>figured out, <\/span>NBC\u2019s signing<\/span> <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>DOJ <\/span>consent decree <\/span>took <\/span>much of <\/span>the wind out of <\/span>Philco\u2019s <\/span>legal <\/span>sails by <\/span>provided <\/span>NBC<\/span> <\/span>lawyers <\/span>some <\/span>sorely needed <\/span>time <\/span>in <\/span>which <\/span>to <\/span>build up <\/span>a<\/span>n <\/span>airtight <\/span>defense<\/span>. <\/span>Philco <\/span>now <\/span>had to <\/span>face the fact that it would have to <\/span>come up <\/span>very <\/span>quickly <\/span>with <\/span>a new <\/span>legal <\/span>justification for <\/span>introducing <\/span>its l<\/span>atest <\/span>suit <\/span>intended to <\/span>gain <\/span>WRCV<\/span>-TV<\/span>. <\/span>Its<\/span> hastily conceived <\/span>suit <\/span>represented <\/span>it<\/span>s <\/span>latest<\/span> <\/span>attempt to right this <\/span>alleged <\/span>wrong<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

The i<\/span>ron<\/span>y <\/span>in <\/span>all of <\/span>this was not lost <\/span>to <\/span>NBC<\/span>s <\/span>very <\/span>sharp <\/span>defen<\/span>se <\/span>team<\/span>. <\/span>After all, <\/span>its <\/span>network leaders <\/span>knew <\/span>full-well <\/span>that <\/span>the <\/span>Philco <\/span>Corporation <\/span>had <\/span>not hesitated in the <\/span>le<\/span>a<\/span>st <\/span>eleven years earlier <\/span>when it <\/span>sold that same <\/span>Philadelphia <\/span>station <\/span>to W<\/span>estinghouse<\/span> for a high price<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>In spite of <\/span>all <\/span>the recent <\/span>hype to the contrary, <\/span>Philco<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>in the early 1950s<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>had <\/span>not <\/span>come up with <\/span>any <\/span>worthwhile <\/span>new <\/span>business strategy <\/span>intended <\/span>to <\/span>ensure <\/span>the <\/span>long-term <\/span>loyalty of <\/span>its <\/span>growing <\/span>listening <\/span>audience<\/span> <\/span>i<\/span>n <\/span>P<\/span>hiladelphia<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Instead, it took the first train out<\/span> <\/span>of town <\/span>when <\/span>a <\/span>legitimate <\/span>bu<\/span>y<\/span>er <\/span>showed up<\/span>. <\/span>Philco<\/span> <\/span>countered <\/span>those arguments <\/span>by <\/span>remind<\/span>ed<\/span> the <\/span>feds <\/span>that NBC<\/span>,<\/span> and <\/span>not <\/span>Philco<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>had used coerci<\/span>ve tactics <\/span>to force <\/span>the <\/span>Westinghouse <\/span>Broadcasting <\/span>Company <\/span>in<\/span>to agreeing to the <\/span>\u2018<\/span>56 <\/span>exchange<\/span>. <\/span>Considered by many leg<\/span>al experts <\/span>as <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>compelling <\/span>argument, the <\/span>fed<\/span>eral government <\/span>still <\/span>remained unmoved<\/span> by <\/span>the logical case presented by <\/span>Philco\u2019s <\/span>legal staff<\/span>. <\/span>Federal officials <\/span>claim<\/span>ed that Philco\u2019s arguments<\/span> <\/span>w<\/span>eren\u2019t <\/span>nearly <\/span>sufficient<\/span> <\/span>based on <\/span>the <\/span>seriousness <\/span>of th<\/span>os<\/span>e charges<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

In <\/span>what many<\/span> critics considered <\/span>to be <\/span>a <\/span>very <\/span>bold move, <\/span>Group <\/span>W <\/span>President McGannon strongly suggested <\/span>that <\/span>m<\/span>ore <\/span>broadcasters<\/span> become <\/span>involved <\/span>in the <\/span>civil rights<\/span> <\/span>movement<\/span> <\/span>and <\/span>in <\/span>fight<\/span>ing <\/span>poverty<\/span>.[42]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>A <\/span>recent<\/span> <\/span>recipient of the National Association of Broadcasters\u2019 Distinguished Service Award, <\/span>Don <\/span>McGannon <\/span>further <\/span>contende<\/span>d that <\/span>the radio-industry had an obligation <\/span>to <\/span>its listeners to <\/span>expose <\/span>arrogant<\/span> <\/span>business leaders and <\/span>dishonest <\/span>politic<\/span>ians<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>He <\/span>concluded that fighting <\/span>corruption <\/span>everywhere <\/span>year after year <\/span>only helped to <\/span>ma<\/span>k<\/span>e <\/span>th<\/span>is<\/span> country <\/span>stronger<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>That <\/span>May<\/span>, two <\/span>clever <\/span>North Olmsted High School <\/span>students <\/span>form<\/span>ed <\/span>the <\/span>Hugh Danaceau Fan Club<\/span>.[43]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>A<\/span> <\/span>popular <\/span>KYW newscaste<\/span>r in the <\/span>early <\/span>19<\/span>60s<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>Danaceau\u2019s broadcasting<\/span> career <\/span>span<\/span>ned<\/span> <\/span>six decades<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>KY<\/span>–<\/span>11<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>Jim <\/span>Runyon<\/span> <\/span>(1931-1973) <\/span>warned <\/span>club members <\/span>that if <\/span>he <\/span>r<\/span>a<\/span>n <\/span>a <\/span>record <\/span>hop <\/span>he would <\/span>probably <\/span>play <\/span>Edward R<\/span>.<\/span> Murrow<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> \u201c<\/span>Hear It N<\/span>ow\u201d<\/span> <\/span>record<\/span>ing<\/span>s<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>That same month, <\/span>KYW-Radio <\/span>won the <\/span>local <\/span>ratings war <\/span>again beating <\/span>its chief rival <\/span>WHK.[44]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00a0Not <\/span>too <\/span>bad for <\/span>the new<\/span>est<\/span> kid on the block<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T<\/span>h<\/span>at<\/span> <\/span>messy <\/span>RKO<\/span>-General<\/span> <\/span>petition <\/span>ran into <\/span>a<\/span>n<\/span>other<\/span> <\/span>roadblock <\/span>in <\/span>mid<\/span>-June<\/span>. <\/span>The <\/span>possibility <\/span>that WRCV might <\/span>be <\/span>compelled to stop broadcasting <\/span>if NBC <\/span>failed to <\/span>comply with the DOJ <\/span>deadline <\/span>only <\/span>worse<\/span>ned<\/span> <\/span>when <\/span>it<\/span>s legal team <\/span>discovered <\/span>that the <\/span>new <\/span>FCC <\/span>ruling prohibit<\/span>ing<\/span> <\/span>different <\/span>television <\/span>facilities<\/span> <\/span>from <\/span>overlapping <\/span>might <\/span>apply <\/span>to its client<\/span>. <\/span>T<\/span>h<\/span>is <\/span>new <\/span>rul<\/span>ing<\/span> <\/span>specified <\/span>a <\/span>\u201cminimum separation for all classes of stations.\u201d[45]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Regrettably, <\/span>the broadcasting radius of <\/span>WOR-<\/span>TV <\/span>New York<\/span> <\/span>and <\/span>WRCV-<\/span>TV <\/span>Philadelphia<\/span> <\/span>intersected<\/span>. <\/span>The only <\/span>legal <\/span>way <\/span>out <\/span>w<\/span>as <\/span>to <\/span>ask <\/span>the FCC to exempt it<\/span>s <\/span>recent <\/span>application by invoking <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>carefully devised <\/span>grandfather <\/span>clause<\/span>.[46]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>However, that <\/span>seemed<\/span> <\/span>highly <\/span>unlikely<\/span> given the <\/span>current <\/span>hubbub <\/span>over th<\/span>at<\/span> <\/span>possible <\/span>trade<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

As <\/span>noted <\/span>earlier, \u201cThe Cleveland Long Song\u201d also <\/span>called <\/span>\u201cThe Best Locat<\/span>ion Song\u201d debuted on June 18, <\/span>19<\/span>64.[47]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>P<\/span>romoters <\/span>asked random <\/span>shoppers to <\/span>listen to <\/span>it<\/span>. N<\/span>early e<\/span>veryone <\/span>loved <\/span>this tune<\/span>. <\/span>Throughout that summer, <\/span>Martin & Howard <\/span>continually <\/span>p<\/span>layed <\/span>the <\/span>week<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>top ten<\/span> <\/span>hits as part of <\/span>the<\/span> <\/span>\u201cKYW Sound-11 Survey.\u201d <\/span>During <\/span>th<\/span>e week of <\/span>June 19<\/span><\/span>th,<\/span><\/span> <\/span>the top spot <\/span>belonged to<\/span> Billy J. Kramer<\/span>\u2019s \u201cLittle Chi<\/span>l<\/span>dren\u201d<\/span> <\/span>w<\/span>ith <\/span>S<\/span>tan <\/span>Getz & <\/span>Astrud Gilberto<\/span>\u2019s \u201cGirl from <\/span>Ipanema\u201d<\/span> <\/span>holding the <\/span>number ten<\/span> <\/span>slot<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>Bobby Freeman\u2019s <\/span>\u201cC\u2019mon & Swim\u201d<\/span> was <\/span>the <\/span>KYW <\/span>\u201c<\/span>Pick of the Week.\u201d[48]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>As expect<\/span>ed<\/span>, <\/span>W<\/span>BC <\/span>went all out <\/span>for <\/span>the <\/span>\u2018<\/span>64 <\/span>Presidential C<\/span>onventions<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Team c<\/span>overage <\/span>included <\/span>thirty <\/span>reporters <\/span>head<\/span>ed <\/span>by <\/span>its <\/span>highly <\/span>respected <\/span>National <\/span>News <\/span>Director Jim<\/span> Snyder<\/span> (1925-2001)<\/span>. The Editor<\/span>-in-Chief<\/span> of the <\/span><\/span>Christian Science Monitor<\/span><\/span><\/em> Erwin Canham<\/span> (1904-1982)<\/span> along with <\/span>author and <\/span>arts <\/span>critic Gore Vidal<\/span> (1925-2012)<\/span>, Pulitzer <\/span>Prize<\/span> winning playwright Marc Connelly <\/span>(1890-1980) <\/span>and noted historian Allan Nevins<\/span> (1890-1971)<\/span> <\/span>provided<\/span> expert<\/span> <\/span>commentary.<\/span>[49]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Th<\/span>e summertime blues <\/span>finally<\/span> <\/span>hit <\/span>t<\/span>wo Willoughby<\/span> <\/span>students <\/span>who <\/span>br<\/span>oke the <\/span>spell by <\/span>conduct<\/span>ing<\/span> <\/span>their own<\/span> <\/span>KYW <\/span>listening marathon.<\/span> Both said <\/span>th<\/span>at their <\/span>forty-two <\/span>hour marathon <\/span>was <\/span>rewarding<\/span>.<\/span>[50]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

N<\/span>ational<\/span>l<\/span>y<\/span>, t<\/span>he U.S. <\/span>3<\/span><\/span>rd<\/span><\/span> <\/span>District Court <\/span>in Philadelphia <\/span>granted NBC <\/span>its <\/span>second <\/span>90 <\/span>day <\/span>station <\/span>extensi<\/span>on<\/span>.[51]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>T<\/span>h<\/span>at July, th<\/span>e<\/span> FCC <\/span>said <\/span>that <\/span>its <\/span>new <\/span>overlap<\/span>ping<\/span> <\/span>rul<\/span>e<\/span> <\/span>would <\/span>not apply to <\/span>applications <\/span>submitted before <\/span>June 9<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> <\/span>which <\/span>includ<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>the <\/span>RKO<\/span>-General<\/span> request<\/span>.[52]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Later that <\/span>same <\/span>month, <\/span>promoters advertise<\/span>d a Ruggles Beach <\/span>extravaganza <\/span>that <\/span>featur<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>Jerry G<\/span> a<\/span>nd<\/span> <\/span>t<\/span>wo<\/span> <\/span>very popular <\/span>singing groups the <\/span>Majestics and the Secrets.[53]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Th<\/span>e <\/span>t<\/span>op three <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>outlets reported a $773,000 revenue increase <\/span>over <\/span>the previous year<\/span> <\/span>w<\/span>ith <\/span>spot advertising improv<\/span>ing <\/span>by <\/span>an impressive <\/span>$1.<\/span>03<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span>.[54]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>The long awaited <\/span>federal <\/span>decision <\/span>concerning <\/span>the <\/span>Westinghouse <\/span>trade <\/span>was rendered <\/span>on <\/span>J<\/span>uly 30<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>The <\/span>commission <\/span>by a five to <\/span>nothing <\/span>vote ordered NBC<\/span> and W<\/span>BC <\/span>to <\/span>reverse <\/span>their <\/span>Cleveland and Philly <\/span>stations<\/span>. That meant th<\/span>ey <\/span>must <\/span>return <\/span>to their original home base<\/span>s<\/span>. Th<\/span>is latest <\/span>act<\/span>ion <\/span>by the feds <\/span>overturned th<\/span>at federal regulatory agency\u2019<\/span>s <\/span>decision<\/span> <\/span>rendered <\/span>eight years<\/span> earlier<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>The <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany <\/span>immediately <\/span>compl<\/span>ied <\/span>with the order<\/span>.[55]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Reoccurring occasions of <\/span>RCA-<\/span>NBC<\/span> <\/span>employing <\/span>strong-armed <\/span>tactics <\/span>against <\/span>smaller broadcast<\/span>ing companies <\/span>suc<\/span>h<\/span> as W<\/span>estinghouse <\/span>led to that <\/span>decision<\/span>. <\/span>At the same time, t<\/span>h<\/span>e <\/span>commission also <\/span>flatly <\/span>denied <\/span>the <\/span>RKO<\/span>-General<\/span> petition<\/span>. It <\/span>claim<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>that <\/span>such an exchange <\/span>would <\/span>have <\/span>give<\/span>n<\/span> <\/span>a<\/span>n <\/span>overwhelming business<\/span> <\/span>advantage <\/span>to <\/span>th<\/span>os<\/span>e <\/span>two <\/span>networks<\/span>. More importantly, <\/span>i<\/span>f <\/span>that petition had <\/span>stood it <\/span>would <\/span>have <\/span>afforded <\/span>NBC <\/span>unlimited<\/span> opportunities within the <\/span>growing <\/span>Boston <\/span>market<\/span>. <\/span>In terms of the <\/span>mandated <\/span>reversal, <\/span>the FCC <\/span>totally ignored <\/span>the $3<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> <\/span>paid by <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> <\/span>to <\/span>the <\/span>W<\/span>estinghouse <\/span>Broadcasting<\/span> <\/span>C<\/span>ompany <\/span>in order<\/span> <\/span>to <\/span>seal the deal<\/span>.<\/span>[56]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>With<\/span> the i<\/span>nten<\/span>tion of <\/span>complet<\/span>ing <\/span>th<\/span>is <\/span>latest <\/span>station <\/span>reversal <\/span>ASAP;<\/span> <\/span>the feds <\/span>awarded <\/span>RCA-<\/span>NBC <\/span>a <\/span>two-month <\/span>provisional <\/span>extension of its <\/span>current <\/span>WRCV <\/span>license.[57]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Throughout <\/span>this <\/span>grueling<\/span> <\/span>legal <\/span>process<\/span>, <\/span>t<\/span>h<\/span>e F<\/span>ederal <\/span>Communications<\/span> <\/span>C<\/span>ommission<\/span> <\/span>di<\/span>d <\/span>not<\/span> <\/span>hold any meetings <\/span>with <\/span>other<\/span> <\/span>local <\/span>broadcasters <\/span>interest<\/span>ed<\/span> in <\/span>procuring<\/span> <\/span>NBC<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> <\/span>television <\/span>rights in Cleveland<\/span>.<\/span> A<\/span>p<\/span>p<\/span>arently<\/span>, <\/span>th<\/span>at <\/span>federal <\/span>regulatory agency firmly <\/span>believed that <\/span>the <\/span>public<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> interest<\/span> w<\/span>ould be <\/span>best <\/span>served <\/span>by returning th<\/span>ose<\/span> stations<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>as is, <\/span>to <\/span>their <\/span>origin<\/span>al <\/span>cities<\/span>. <\/span>At <\/span>long <\/span>last, the <\/span>feds <\/span>had <\/span>resolved <\/span>th<\/span>at <\/span>legal <\/span>mess<\/span> and they <\/span>were not about to <\/span>ignite <\/span>it up <\/span>again<\/span>.[58]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Th<\/span>e<\/span> <\/span>lopsided<\/span> <\/span>nature of the <\/span>\u2018<\/span>56 <\/span>swap <\/span>became <\/span>even more <\/span>apparent <\/span>when <\/span>further <\/span>i<\/span>nvestigat<\/span>ions <\/span>revealed that NBC<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>owned and operated <\/span>WRCV <\/span>had<\/span> <\/span>generated far <\/span>higher profit<\/span>s <\/span>annual<\/span>ly<\/span> <\/span>than <\/span>W<\/span>estinghouse\u2019s <\/span>KYW.[59]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>FCC <\/span>commissioners <\/span>further <\/span>d<\/span>iscovered<\/span> that <\/span>the <\/span>unwanted business <\/span>pressures <\/span>leashed <\/span>a<\/span>gainst <\/span>the <\/span>W<\/span>estinghouse <\/span>Broadcasting<\/span> <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> <\/span>had <\/span>only <\/span>served to <\/span>increase <\/span>NBC\u2019s <\/span>earlier <\/span>business <\/span>lead <\/span>over <\/span>its <\/span>less than enthusiastic <\/span>business <\/span>partner<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>T<\/span>hat<\/span> revelation was <\/span>not <\/span>so <\/span>surprising<\/span> <\/span>in itself <\/span>a<\/span>lthough <\/span>the <\/span>clear <\/span>difference in <\/span>the<\/span> two stations\u2019 <\/span>asset value<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>did strike a note<\/span> with leaders in the commercial radio business<\/span>. <\/span>According<\/span> to an August 3<\/span>, 1964 <\/span>article in <\/span><\/span>Broadcasting, the Business Weekly of Television & Radio<\/span><\/span><\/em> <\/span>independent<\/span> <\/span>brokers <\/span>had <\/span>determined that the <\/span>asset <\/span>value of <\/span>WRCV <\/span>stood at<\/span> around<\/span> <\/span>$35<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> while KYW<\/span> <\/span>was <\/span>much <\/span>less <\/span>a<\/span>t <\/span>$20<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span>.<\/span>[60]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Th<\/span>at <\/span>appreciable difference <\/span>meant <\/span>a great deal to <\/span>Group <\/span>W<\/span> board members<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>N<\/span>BC<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> <\/span>legal defense <\/span>tried <\/span>unsuccessfully <\/span>to <\/span>block <\/span>the <\/span>Westinghouse <\/span>Broadcasting<\/span> Company <\/span>from <\/span>receiving <\/span>a<\/span>dded <\/span>punitive <\/span>damages<\/span> <\/span>resulting from <\/span>th<\/span>is unfair <\/span>trade<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Meanwhile in Cleveland<\/span>, <\/span>Harv<\/span>e<\/span> Morgan<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> <\/span>nightly talk show <\/span>faced <\/span>two <\/span>naggin<\/span>g <\/span>problems<\/span>.[61]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>First, <\/span>some <\/span>topics<\/span> <\/span>pop<\/span>ped<\/span> up <\/span>repeated<\/span>ly<\/span>. Second, <\/span>his <\/span>use <\/span>o<\/span>f<\/span> <\/span>phone <\/span>call<\/span>s to <\/span>stimulat<\/span>e<\/span> <\/span>nightly <\/span>discussion <\/span>just didn\u2019t seem to <\/span>work<\/span> <\/span>anymore<\/span>.<\/span> Some critics <\/span>claimed that <\/span>Harve <\/span>Morgan was <\/span>very <\/span>capable <\/span>of <\/span>conducting <\/span>intelligent conversations without relying on <\/span>outside <\/span>call<\/span>er<\/span>s<\/span> for<\/span> <\/span>direct <\/span>assistance<\/span>. <\/span>On August 11<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span>, <\/span>KYW<\/span>\u2019S Jim Stagg and <\/span>its <\/span>News <\/span>Director Art<\/span> Schreiber<\/span> <\/span>started <\/span>cover<\/span>ing <\/span>the <\/span>upcoming <\/span>Beatles <\/span>tour <\/span>that <\/span>included <\/span>among other things <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>September 15<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> stop in C<\/span>leveland<\/span>.<\/span>[62]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>To celebrate <\/span>this <\/span>latest<\/span> round of <\/span>\u201cBeatlemania,\u201d <\/span>Jim <\/span>Stagg gave away tickets to a Beatles concert <\/span>that was scheduled <\/span>for <\/span>September 14<\/span><\/span>th<\/span> <\/span><\/span>in Pittsburgh.<\/span> <\/span>Also<\/span>, <\/span>Jerry G <\/span>visited <\/span>the Opening Day Celebrations of \u201cMiss Revlon of Higbee\u2019s\u201d on <\/span>the <\/span>17<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span>.<\/span>[63]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Three days later a <\/span>vicious <\/span>rumor<\/span> <\/span>began circulating around <\/span>that <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> <\/span>was <\/span>plann<\/span>ing<\/span> <\/span>to trash <\/span>KYW<\/span>s <\/span>Top 40<\/span> format<\/span>.<\/span>[64]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>As everyone in the radio-industry <\/span>already <\/span>knew <\/span>NBC<\/span> <\/span>owned and <\/span>operated <\/span>stations <\/span>d<\/span>id<\/span>n\u2019t <\/span>play <\/span>rock and roll<\/span> music. In all probability, <\/span>th<\/span>is<\/span> <\/span>emerging <\/span>outlet wo<\/span>uld <\/span>concentrate on <\/span>network news<\/span> and <\/span>softer <\/span>music<\/span> <\/span>while <\/span>forgoing <\/span>traditional <\/span>talk<\/span> shows<\/span>.
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

E<\/span>liminating <\/span>daily <\/span>talk shows <\/span>from the <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>lineup <\/span>seemed <\/span>a bit <\/span>out of character<\/span> <\/span>for <\/span>NBC<\/span>. In <\/span>fact<\/span>, <\/span>two years earlier <\/span>New York\u2019s WNBC-Radio <\/span>66 <\/span>had <\/span>lured <\/span>away <\/span>popular <\/span>talk <\/span>show <\/span>host Long John <\/span>Nebel<\/span> <\/span>(1911-1978) <\/span>f<\/span>rom 710<\/span> AM<\/span>-WOR f<\/span>or a <\/span>whopping <\/span>annual <\/span>salary of <\/span>$100,000.[65]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>He remained <\/span>a staple <\/span>at WNBC<\/span>\u2019s broadcasting house<\/span> <\/span>until 19<\/span>73.<\/span> Why wouldn\u2019t <\/span>a similar scenario <\/span>develop <\/span>in Cleveland? That was a<\/span> crucial <\/span>question<\/span> <\/span>needing to be addressed <\/span>quickly <\/span>by the National Broadcasting Company<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Perhaps <\/span>the <\/span>experts were <\/span>all wrong<\/span>. A<\/span> <\/span>revamped <\/span>AM <\/span>program <\/span>lineup <\/span>that <\/span>all but eliminated local <\/span>talk <\/span>shows <\/span>might be just <\/span>the <\/span>thing <\/span>that <\/span>Cleveland\u2019s <\/span>more <\/span>sophisticated <\/span>listening <\/span>audience<\/span> <\/span>might <\/span>need<\/span>. <\/span>After all, <\/span>anyone listening to rock and <\/span>roll <\/span>on KYW <\/span>could easily turn to th<\/span>at<\/span> <\/span>city\u2019s <\/span>other <\/span>Top 40 <\/span>station <\/span>W<\/span>HK<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>So, what was <\/span>the <\/span>big deal? <\/span>As everyone knew<\/span>,<\/span> o<\/span>nly time would tell. <\/span>On a happier note, t<\/span>he California <\/span>s<\/span>ound hit Euclid Beach Park <\/span>when <\/span>the <\/span>\u201cBeach Boys\u201d<\/span> <\/span>came to <\/span>town<\/span> <\/span>that <\/span>August<\/span>.[66]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Intended <\/span>to be <\/span>a promotion<\/span> piece<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>A<\/span> <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>L<\/span>ove <\/span>S<\/span>ong sold <\/span>more than <\/span>two thousand <\/span>copies <\/span>in <\/span>a <\/span>month. Part of its <\/span>proceeds went towards <\/span>beautifying <\/span>th<\/span>e Cleveland Mall<\/span> downtown<\/span>.<\/span>[67]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

In a last ditched effort to save <\/span>it<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>petition<\/span>, RKO<\/span>-General<\/span>\u2019s legal counsel <\/span>a<\/span>ppealed to <\/span>the <\/span>F<\/span>ederal <\/span>C<\/span>ommunications <\/span>C<\/span>ommission<\/span> <\/span>to <\/span>re<\/span>consider<\/span> its <\/span>most <\/span>recent <\/span>action<\/span>. <\/span>Its attorneys <\/span>claim<\/span>ed<\/span> that <\/span>RKO <\/span>had <\/span>racked up <\/span>$2<\/span> <\/span>million<\/span> <\/span>in <\/span>debt <\/span>over the <\/span>p<\/span>ast two years <\/span>to get <\/span>its <\/span>petition approved <\/span>by the FCC <\/span>and<\/span> <\/span>t<\/span>hat <\/span>the network <\/span>could not <\/span>begin to <\/span>recoup <\/span>its <\/span>loss<\/span>es<\/span> <\/span>without <\/span>it<\/span>.<\/span>[68]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>RKO\u2019s legal defense further <\/span>contended <\/span>that the <\/span>recent <\/span>decision <\/span>leveled <\/span>against <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>Company<\/span> <\/span>was<\/span> <\/span>a <\/span>total and utter <\/span>sham<\/span>. The August 30<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> <\/span>\u201cKYW Radio Days\u201d <\/span>w<\/span>as <\/span>h<\/span>ighly <\/span>success<\/span>ful<\/span>.[69]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Led by Jerry G; Specs Howard and Jim <\/span>Runyon<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>this <\/span>joyous <\/span>event <\/span>ende<\/span>d <\/span>with<\/span> <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>rousing <\/span>sing-along. <\/span>On the <\/span>flip <\/span>side<\/span> of the dial<\/span>, <\/span>KYW-<\/span>FM and WCLV-FM <\/span>were <\/span>battl<\/span>ing it out to be<\/span>come<\/span> Cleveland\u2019s <\/span>number one classical <\/span>music <\/span>station<\/span>.[70]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>In the case of <\/span>105.7<\/span> FM<\/span>, <\/span>its<\/span> <\/span>twelve <\/span>hour <\/span>broadcasting <\/span>day <\/span>continually <\/span>spotlighted <\/span>great <\/span>classical music<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>It didn\u2019t matter which <\/span>classical <\/span>album <\/span>was <\/span>currently <\/span>being <\/span>play<\/span>ed<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>i<\/span>t <\/span>was always <\/span>a<\/span>n <\/span>exhilarating <\/span>adventure<\/span> in <\/span>good <\/span>music<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

On September 2<\/span>, 1964<\/span>, <\/span>NBC, P<\/span>hilco and RKO <\/span>submitted <\/span>their <\/span>respective <\/span>appeals<\/span> with the federal court<\/span>. <\/span>NBC<\/span> <\/span>took the lead by <\/span>asked <\/span>the <\/span>feds <\/span>to <\/span>reconsider <\/span>its <\/span>recent <\/span>denial of <\/span>the <\/span>RKO<\/span>-General<\/span> <\/span>petition<\/span>.[71]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>A feature article <\/span>published <\/span>in the September 7<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>Broadcasting;<\/span> the B<\/span>usiness Weekly of Television <\/span>& Radio<\/span><\/span><\/em> <\/span>closely examined <\/span>the<\/span> <\/span>federal <\/span>decision <\/span>that <\/span>l<\/span>ed <\/span>to <\/span>th<\/span>is<\/span> <\/span>most <\/span>recent <\/span>NBC<\/span>–<\/span>W<\/span>BC <\/span>reversal<\/span>.<\/span>[72]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>It also focused on why <\/span>th<\/span>os<\/span>e <\/span>federal <\/span>commission<\/span>ers<\/span> <\/span>reject<\/span>ed<\/span> both <\/span>P<\/span>hilco\u2019s request <\/span>for WRCV<\/span>-TV<\/span> <\/span>a<\/span>nd <\/span>RKO<\/span>-General<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> petition<\/span>. <\/span>Although <\/span>it never <\/span>deliberately <\/span>challenged the <\/span>legal <\/span>merits of either one of <\/span>th<\/span>ose<\/span> <\/span>federal <\/span>decision<\/span>s<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>Philco\u2019s <\/span>legal counsel contend<\/span>ed<\/span> that <\/span>it <\/span>was <\/span>grossly <\/span>unfair <\/span>that <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>Broadcasting<\/span> <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> <\/span>with<\/span> <\/span>only a <\/span>mode<\/span>st <\/span>interest<\/span> <\/span>in <\/span>nurturing <\/span>its <\/span>Phi<\/span>ladelphia market <\/span>should<\/span> <\/span>be <\/span>awarded <\/span>a<\/span> <\/span>temporary license<\/span> <\/span>in that city<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>W<\/span>aiv<\/span>ing <\/span>its <\/span>overlap <\/span>restrictions <\/span>to a<\/span>ssist <\/span>NBC and RKO <\/span>seemed <\/span>a bit <\/span>odd given the fact <\/span>that the <\/span>feds <\/span>from the <\/span>very <\/span>beginning <\/span>had <\/span>oppos<\/span>ed <\/span>th<\/span>eir <\/span>petition<\/span>.<\/span>[73]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>What <\/span>were<\/span> the<\/span> fed<\/span>eral official<\/span>s<\/span> thinking<\/span> <\/span>and why did <\/span>they <\/span>so willingly <\/span>acquiesce <\/span>to the demands made by those two <\/span>major <\/span>broadcasting companies<\/span>?<\/span> <\/span>Without a doubt, Philadelphia\u2019s <\/span>WRCV-<\/span>TV<\/span>\u2019s broadcasting signal<\/span> <\/span>overlapped <\/span>both <\/span>New York\u2019s <\/span>WOR<\/span>-TV<\/span> and <\/span>Baltimore\u2019s <\/span>W<\/span>JZ<\/span>-TV<\/span>. <\/span>Yet, t<\/span>he<\/span> commissioners <\/span>seemed<\/span> to <\/span>just <\/span>s<\/span>hrug <\/span>it <\/span>off<\/span>. <\/span>It took <\/span>Philco<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>accept<\/span>ance of <\/span>$550,000 from <\/span>NBC <\/span>allegedly <\/span>to cover <\/span>its <\/span>many <\/span>application <\/span>costs and <\/span>additional <\/span>fees<\/span> <\/span>that led t<\/span>he <\/span>FCC <\/span>to <\/span>overwhelmingly <\/span>vote against <\/span>renewing NBC\u2019s <\/span>Phi<\/span>ladelphia <\/span>license<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kids returning to <\/span>school that <\/span>autumn enjoyed <\/span>the all-ne<\/span>w<\/span> sound<\/span>s<\/span> of <\/span>KY<\/span>-11<\/span>. It began <\/span>on <\/span>September 12<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> <\/span>when <\/span>it <\/span>played Beatles record<\/span>ing<\/span>s and <\/span>aired <\/span>previously recorded <\/span>interviews with the \u201cFab Four.\u201d[74]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Narrated by Jim Stagg and Art Schreiber much of <\/span>th<\/span>is<\/span> show <\/span>c<\/span>oncentrated <\/span>on <\/span>the<\/span> Beatles <\/span>first <\/span>U.S. <\/span>tour. <\/span>Over 11,000 teens <\/span>knocked on <\/span>their <\/span>neighbors<\/span>\u2019<\/span> <\/span>doors the next day<\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>as part <\/span>of <\/span>\u201cThe <\/span>Aiding <\/span>Leukemia<\/span> <\/span>Stricken<\/span> American Children<\/span>\u201d<\/span> <\/span>drive<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>D<\/span>one in cooperation with <\/span>St. Jude Hospital<\/span>, t<\/span>he <\/span>money <\/span>they <\/span>collected <\/span>went towards <\/span>fight<\/span>ing<\/span> <\/span>that <\/span>most <\/span>dreaded <\/span>disease<\/span>.<\/span>[75]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>The <\/span>earlier <\/span>legal <\/span>controvers<\/span>y <\/span>over the F<\/span>ederal <\/span>C<\/span>ommunications <\/span>C<\/span>ommission<\/span>\u2019s denial <\/span>of the <\/span>NBC-<\/span>RKO <\/span>petition continued into the autu<\/span>mn months with P<\/span>hilco<\/span> <\/span>claiming that <\/span>RKO<\/span> <\/span>still <\/span>had no <\/span>legal <\/span>right to <\/span>claim <\/span>financial <\/span>damages or <\/span>injury<\/span> based on rece<\/span>nt loss<\/span>es<\/span>.[76]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>The <\/span>commissioners <\/span>fought back <\/span>by saying <\/span>that <\/span>repeated <\/span>public <\/span>outcr<\/span>ies<\/span> against <\/span>it <\/span>extending <\/span>other <\/span>RCA-<\/span>NBC <\/span>television <\/span>licenses <\/span>m<\/span>ight <\/span>compel <\/span>the<\/span> agency <\/span>to <\/span>reject<\/span> <\/span>other <\/span>future <\/span>request<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>submitted <\/span>by <\/span>RKO-General<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

At the same time<\/span>, Philco <\/span>boldly<\/span> <\/span>pointed out <\/span>that <\/span>those <\/span>same <\/span>federal officials<\/span> <\/span>had <\/span>undoubtedly <\/span>overstepped <\/span>their <\/span>legal <\/span>bounds <\/span>when they <\/span>order<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>the <\/span>most <\/span>recent <\/span>Phi<\/span>ladelphia<\/span>–<\/span>Cleveland <\/span>swap<\/span>. <\/span>Its counsel <\/span>said <\/span>that such actions directly <\/span>violat<\/span>ed <\/span>all <\/span>federal <\/span>rules <\/span>pertaining to <\/span>radio and television <\/span>licens<\/span>e renewals<\/span>.<\/span>[77]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>The <\/span>noticeable <\/span>silence <\/span>o<\/span>n the part o<\/span>f <\/span>Westinghouse<\/span>\u2019s legal counsel<\/span> throughout th<\/span>e<\/span> summer <\/span>seemed <\/span>somewhat <\/span>odd<\/span>. Wh<\/span>y <\/span>w<\/span>eren<\/span>\u2019t <\/span>it<\/span>s <\/span>attorneys <\/span>responding<\/span>? Finally <\/span>in September<\/span>, <\/span>1964, <\/span>W<\/span>BC<\/span> <\/span>broke its <\/span>long-held silence by <\/span>saying that it <\/span>100% <\/span>s<\/span>upport<\/span>ed<\/span> <\/span>t<\/span>h<\/span>e <\/span>decision<\/span>.<\/span>[78]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>In the end, t<\/span>he <\/span>FCC\u2019s<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>through its <\/span>highly<\/span> vocal <\/span>Broadcast Bureau<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>made it <\/span>quite <\/span>clear <\/span>that any<\/span> future r<\/span>enewal request<\/span>s <\/span>brought forward <\/span>by <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>Company<\/span> <\/span>must <\/span>first <\/span>go through a <\/span>r<\/span>igorous <\/span>federal <\/span>evaluation <\/span>process<\/span>. <\/span>Also, <\/span>RCA-<\/span>NBC <\/span>did not have <\/span>any <\/span>legal <\/span>right to transfer <\/span>its<\/span> <\/span>WRCV<\/span>-Philly<\/span> <\/span>license <\/span>to <\/span>another<\/span> broadcaster or <\/span>to <\/span>claim that <\/span>the July 30<\/span><\/span>th<\/span><\/span> <\/span>decision<\/span> <\/span>that had <\/span>order<\/span>ed<\/span> the re<\/span>–<\/span>swaping of the Cleveland-Philly stations had <\/span>in some way <\/span>violated Philco\u2019s or RKO-General\u2019s rights to a fair hearing<\/span>.<\/span>[79]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>In reality, th<\/span>e FCC <\/span>decision <\/span>originated <\/span>from a <\/span>legal <\/span>case <\/span>that <\/span>resulted from <\/span>an <\/span>antitrust <\/span>federal <\/span>court order that had <\/span>forced <\/span>the <\/span>N<\/span>ational <\/span>B<\/span>roadcasting <\/span>C<\/span>ompany<\/span> to dispose of <\/span>both <\/span>WRCV <\/span>radio <\/span>and<\/span> television<\/span>. NBC officials had attempted to <\/span>circumvent that <\/span>specific <\/span>court <\/span>order <\/span>by exchanging its Philly outlets for <\/span>the <\/span>RKO <\/span>stations <\/span>located <\/span>in Boston. <\/span>That might have occurred with<\/span>out <\/span>any <\/span>legal <\/span>hitches <\/span>had <\/span>the <\/span>Philco <\/span>Corporation <\/span>not submitted <\/span>its own <\/span>application for WRCV<\/span>–<\/span>Philadelphia<\/span>. The submission of th<\/span>e Philco <\/span>application <\/span>mandat<\/span>ed <\/span>a <\/span>special <\/span>federal<\/span> hearing<\/span> which <\/span>delved into a number of <\/span>relevant <\/span>issues including NBC\u2019s <\/span>many <\/span>responsibilities <\/span>as a <\/span>premier <\/span>license holder.[80]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

On <\/span>a <\/span>far more uplifting <\/span>note, <\/span>KYW-radio<\/span> that October <\/span>sponsored <\/span>a<\/span>n overflow <\/span>concert at the Cleveland Arena <\/span>that <\/span>featur<\/span>ed<\/span> the <\/span>British r<\/span>ock <\/span>sensation <\/span>\u201cthe Animals<\/span>.<\/span>\u201d[81]<\/sup><\/a><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>From a <\/span>purely <\/span>business perspective, t<\/span>he bulk of <\/span>early \u201860s <\/span>a<\/span>dvertisers and <\/span>program<\/span> coordinators <\/span>t<\/span>ruly believed <\/span>that <\/span>Top 40 radio <\/span>was <\/span>the <\/span>best <\/span>deal <\/span>in town<\/span>.[82]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Its <\/span>limited <\/span>playlist <\/span>w<\/span>ith plenty of time <\/span>in<\/span>–<\/span>between <\/span>for <\/span>attention <\/span>gripping<\/span> <\/span>commercials <\/span>was <\/span>the dream of every <\/span>advertiser<\/span>. <\/span>In fact, <\/span>its <\/span>many <\/span>catchy<\/span> <\/span>radio <\/span>jingles <\/span>and <\/span>very convincing <\/span>advertising pitch<\/span>es<\/span> <\/span>played <\/span>critical <\/span>role<\/span>s in <\/span>increas<\/span>ing <\/span>sales<\/span> volume<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>Although <\/span>vaguely familiar to older<\/span>, more <\/span>traditional<\/span> programming formats, <\/span>its <\/span>fast pace<\/span>d<\/span> <\/span>cadence <\/span>out<\/span>shone <\/span>them all<\/span>. <\/span>KYW\u2019s <\/span>highly <\/span>practical <\/span>daily <\/span>promotion<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>successfully <\/span>brought together <\/span>that station\u2019s <\/span>very <\/span>talented <\/span>salesmanship <\/span>with <\/span>the <\/span>many <\/span>pleasurable <\/span>aspects <\/span>of <\/span>rock and roll <\/span>to <\/span>produce <\/span>a<\/span>n<\/span> <\/span>extraordinary <\/span>new <\/span>sound<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>I<\/span>n <\/span>the case of <\/span>i<\/span>t<\/span>s<\/span> <\/span>popular <\/span>jingle<\/span>s<\/span>, they<\/span> <\/span>not only <\/span>spotlight<\/span>ed <\/span>the<\/span> fun loving <\/span>jocks<\/span> <\/span>responsible for <\/span>creating KY-11\u2019s <\/span>many <\/span>energetic <\/span>program<\/span>s<\/span>; but also, <\/span>served to <\/span>introduc<\/span>e<\/span> <\/span>th<\/span>at station\u2019s <\/span>numerous <\/span>features <\/span>such as <\/span>n<\/span>ews<\/span>casts<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>shows<\/span>, <\/span>weather <\/span>forecasts<\/span>, traffic conditions<\/span> <\/span>and sports<\/span> reports<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C<\/span>arefree <\/span>melodies <\/span>with <\/span>simple<\/span> <\/span>message<\/span>s<\/span>, <\/span>those<\/span> <\/span>jingles <\/span>were <\/span>updated on a <\/span>regular<\/span> basis<\/span>. <\/span>Some of the more <\/span>me<\/span>morable <\/span>ones <\/span>of th<\/span>e early \u201860s <\/span>included \u201cMy Baby Listens to KYW, Yea, Yea, Yea,\u201d; \u201cKYW Has a Happy Sound,\u201d \u201cMake Your Radio Feel Good Agai<\/span>n, KYW Radio\u201d or \u201cTake KYW Any Time, A<\/span>ny <\/span>D<\/span>ay.\u201d<\/span> <\/span>Th<\/span>e station\u2019s <\/span>DJs<\/span>,<\/span> known collectively as the <\/span>\u201c<\/span>KYW <\/span>VIPs<\/span> in \u201864<\/span>,<\/span>\u201d <\/span>also received <\/span>extensive <\/span>recognition. <\/span>Examples included <\/span>\u201cHere\u2019s the Double-Martin & Ho<\/span>ward;\u201d \u201cMr. <\/span>Runyon<\/span>, Someone is C<\/span>alling <\/span>Y<\/span>ou,\u201d \u201cThe Lovable Swinging Ca<\/span>t<\/span> Jerry G & Company,\u201d and \u201c<\/span>The J\u2019 Bird Flies Tonight<\/span>.<\/span>\u201d<\/span> Also, w<\/span>ho can forget <\/span>those <\/span>striking <\/span>sound bites such as <\/span>\u201cJerry G Swinging at Record Hops;\u201d \u201cJay Lawrence Music & Comedy Bits,\u201d \u201cJim Runyon Spinning the Latest Pops\u201d and \u201cJim Stagg Nightline for You.\u201d[83]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

N<\/span>ineteen Sixty<\/span>–<\/span>Three and Sixty<\/span>–<\/span>Four<\/span> <\/span>proved to be <\/span>very <\/span>challenging <\/span>year<\/span>s for the <\/span>U.S. <\/span>radio-<\/span>industry<\/span> in general and <\/span>N<\/span>BC<\/span> and <\/span>W<\/span>BC<\/span> in particular<\/span>. <\/span>At long last, t<\/span>he <\/span>U.S. Supreme Court <\/span>under the direction of <\/span>Chief Justice <\/span>Earl Warren <\/span>(1891-1974) <\/span>had <\/span>final<\/span>ized <\/span>the <\/span>legal <\/span>procedures <\/span>that <\/span>commercial <\/span>broadcast<\/span>ers <\/span>must <\/span>follow <\/span>when<\/span>ever<\/span> <\/span>trading <\/span>stations<\/span>. However, <\/span>the <\/span>fate of the <\/span>\u2018<\/span>56 <\/span>exchange <\/span>and the <\/span>more <\/span>recent <\/span>RKO<\/span> <\/span>petition <\/span>still <\/span>hung <\/span>in the balance<\/span>. <\/span>O<\/span>n <\/span>the first week of <\/span>January<\/span> <\/span>19<\/span>63<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>Philco and NBC <\/span>announce<\/span>d<\/span> <\/span>that <\/span>a tentative <\/span>compromise <\/span>had been reached<\/span> between <\/span>those<\/span> two parties<\/span>.[1]<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span>Had the <\/span>FCC\u2019s a<\/span>cc<\/span>ept<\/span>ed<\/span> the RKO-General proposal, at that <\/span>moment<\/span>, <\/span>it <\/span>would <\/span>have <\/span>led to <\/span>an i<\/span>nstant <\/span>Philadelphia<\/span>-Boston <\/span>s<\/span>tation s<\/span>wap<\/span>.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>While everyone <\/span>anxiously a<\/span>waited the <\/span>fed\u2019s<\/span> <\/span>decision<\/span>, t<\/span>he <\/span>feds <\/span>den<\/span>ied<\/span> <\/span>Philco<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> <\/span>most recent <\/span>request <\/span>pertaining to <\/span>WRCV-TV<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> <\/span>license<\/span> <\/span>renewal<\/span>. <\/span>Now <\/span>a <\/span>part <\/span>of <\/span>the Ford Motor Company<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>Philc<\/span>o<\/span>\u2019s <\/span>new set of <\/span>lawyers<\/span> <\/span>re<\/span>directed <\/span>their <\/span>current <\/span>efforts<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n