{"id":68,"date":"2022-03-17T18:02:16","date_gmt":"2022-03-17T18:02:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/their-paths-are-peace\/?post_type=chapter&p=68"},"modified":"2023-04-28T20:15:20","modified_gmt":"2023-04-28T20:15:20","slug":"italian-cultural-garden","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/their-paths-are-peace\/chapter\/italian-cultural-garden\/","title":{"rendered":"Italian Cultural Garden"},"content":{"raw":"\"\"\r\n\r\n\"\"\r\n\r\nThe <\/span>Italian Cultural <\/span>Garden <\/span>is <\/span>designed <\/span>on <\/span>two <\/span>levels <\/span>in <\/span>formal <\/span>landscape style <\/span>grandly <\/span>conceived <\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>spirit <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>Italian <\/span>Renaissance.<\/span>\r\n\r\nThe <\/span>chief <\/span>features <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>upper <\/span>level <\/span>garden <\/span>arc <\/span>a large <\/span>circular <\/span>marble <\/span>fountain, <\/span>a stone <\/span>parapet, <\/span>and, <\/span>terminating <\/span>the <\/span>right <\/span>arm <\/span>of <\/span>its <\/span>North-South <\/span>axis, <\/span>a bronze bust <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>poet <\/span>Virgil. Mounted <\/span>on <\/span>a stone <\/span>column taken <\/span>from <\/span>the <\/span>ancient <\/span>Roman <\/span>for\u00ad<\/span>um, <\/span>this <\/span>sculpture <\/span>was <\/span>a gift <\/span>from <\/span>the <\/span>Italian\u00a0<\/span>government<\/span>.<\/span>\r\n\r\nThe <\/span>garden <\/span>slopes <\/span>by <\/span>hillside <\/span>terraces <\/span>to <\/span>the <\/span>lower <\/span>boulevard, where <\/span>a semicircular, brick-paved <\/span>court <\/span>, <\/span>forms a <\/span>parapet <\/span>and retaining wall. <\/span>Here <\/span>is <\/span>set a <\/span>double <\/span>shell <\/span>fountain, <\/span>and the wall <\/span>is <\/span>decorated <\/span>with <\/span>six <\/span>medallions <\/span>of <\/span>carved stone <\/span>representing <\/span>six <\/span>great <\/span>Italians whose genius has <\/span>enriched <\/span>the world. These <\/span>are Giotto <\/span>(1267-1337), Florentine artist regarded <\/span>as <\/span>the <\/span>founder <\/span>of <\/span>modern <\/span>art; <\/span>Michelangelo <\/span>(1475-\u00ad<\/span>1564), <\/span>sculptor, painter, <\/span>creator <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>Sistine cha\u00ad<\/span>pel <\/span>murals, <\/span>most <\/span>famous <\/span>artist <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>Renaissance <\/span>and perhaps <\/span>of <\/span>all <\/span>time; <\/span>Petrarch (1304-1374), <\/span>Italian poet, <\/span>Latin scholar, <\/span>and <\/span>great humanist; <\/span>Giu\u00ad<\/span>seppe <\/span>Verdi <\/span>(1813-1901), <\/span>composer <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>most <\/span>popular operas <\/span>ever <\/span>written; <\/span>Leonardo <\/span>da <\/span>Vinci <\/span>(1452-1519), most <\/span>typical <\/span>genius <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>Renaissance <\/span>in <\/span>his <\/span>supremacy <\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>fields <\/span>of <\/span>painting, sculpture, <\/span>architecture, music, <\/span>science, <\/span>engineering, and natural <\/span>philosophy; <\/span>and <\/span>Guglielmo Marconi (1874-1937), <\/span>Italian <\/span>inventor, <\/span>founder <\/span>of <\/span>commercial wireless <\/span>telegraphy <\/span>and <\/span>of <\/span>radio <\/span>as <\/span>we <\/span>know <\/span>it <\/span>today.<\/span>\r\n\r\nThe <\/span>Italian <\/span>Garden <\/span>was <\/span>formally opened <\/span>on <\/span>Oc\u00ad<\/span>tober <\/span>12, <\/span>1930, <\/span>with <\/span>the <\/span>joint celebration <\/span>of\u00a0<\/span>Columbus<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>Day <\/span>and the <\/span>2000th anniversary <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>birth <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>poet, Virgil, <\/span>when <\/span>the <\/span>bust <\/span>of <\/span>the great <\/span>poet was <\/span>unveiled. Festivities began <\/span>at <\/span>nine <\/span>o\u2019clock <\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>morning <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>mild <\/span>October day. <\/span>Three <\/span>thousand <\/span>members <\/span>of <\/span>Italian <\/span>societies <\/span>heard <\/span>extolled <\/span>the <\/span>rich <\/span>cultural contributions <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>Latin <\/span>races <\/span>to <\/span>American <\/span>civilization. <\/span>A <\/span>letter <\/span>of <\/span>congratulation <\/span>to <\/span>the <\/span>City of <\/span>Cleveland upon <\/span>this <\/span>occasion <\/span>from <\/span>Senator-<\/span>Nobile <\/span>Giacomo <\/span>de <\/span>Martino, <\/span>royal <\/span>Italian <\/span>ambassador <\/span>in <\/span>Washington, <\/span>read <\/span>in part: <\/span>\u201cBy <\/span>honoring Virgil, <\/span>Cleveland honors herself. Rome, <\/span>capital <\/span>of <\/span>Latinity <\/span>and <\/span>jealous <\/span>custodian <\/span>of <\/span>Latin culture, has <\/span>appreci\u00ad<\/span>ated <\/span>the <\/span>noble <\/span>gift <\/span>of <\/span>this <\/span>city. <\/span>In <\/span>response <\/span>to <\/span>the <\/span>generous <\/span>act <\/span>with <\/span>which <\/span>the <\/span>citizens <\/span>of <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>have <\/span>offered to <\/span>the <\/span>Italian <\/span>community as <\/span>a symbol <\/span>of <\/span>friendship <\/span>and <\/span>in <\/span>memory <\/span>of <\/span>the Latin poet, a <\/span>part <\/span>of <\/span>her <\/span>public <\/span>park <\/span>to <\/span>be <\/span>dedicated <\/span>to <\/span>Virgil, <\/span>Rome <\/span>has <\/span>sent <\/span>a pedestal. <\/span>This <\/span>column <\/span>has <\/span>been <\/span>handed <\/span>down <\/span>to <\/span>us <\/span>through <\/span>the <\/span>centuries, <\/span>and <\/span>perhaps has <\/span>been witness <\/span>to <\/span>the <\/span>triumph <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>poet.\u201d <\/span>\r\n\r\nAt noon <\/span>on <\/span>this day, <\/span>a semi-circle <\/span>of <\/span>American, <\/span>Ital\u00ad<\/span>ian, and <\/span>fraternal <\/span>banners <\/span>was <\/span>formed around <\/span>the pedestal, and to the strains of band music, the bronze, laurel-crowned head of the gentle and beloved poet, was unveiled.<\/span>\r\n\r\nA <\/span>message <\/span>of <\/span>congratulations <\/span>from <\/span>Herbert <\/span>Hoover, <\/span>then <\/span>President <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>United <\/span>States, <\/span>was <\/span>read.<\/span>\r\n\r\nCity <\/span>Manager <\/span>William <\/span>R. <\/span>Hopkins <\/span>then <\/span>spoke, <\/span>stressing <\/span>the <\/span>cultural <\/span>significance <\/span>of <\/span>these nationality <\/span>gardens. <\/span>Dr. <\/span>John <\/span>A. <\/span>Barricelli delivered <\/span>an <\/span>address <\/span>on <\/span>Virgil in <\/span>Italian, <\/span>and <\/span>Professor <\/span>John <\/span>Belfi <\/span>a trib\u00ad<\/span>ute in <\/span>Latin. <\/span>Commander <\/span>Hugo <\/span>Dudone, <\/span>Italian <\/span>war <\/span>veteran <\/span>of <\/span>New <\/span>York, <\/span>compared <\/span>the <\/span>legacies <\/span>to <\/span>America <\/span>of <\/span>Virgil <\/span>and <\/span>Columbus. <\/span>Count <\/span>Cesare <\/span>George <\/span>B. <\/span>Gradenigo, <\/span>Italian <\/span>Consul, <\/span>then <\/span>presented <\/span>the. <\/span>bust, <\/span>and <\/span>Mayor <\/span>John <\/span>D. <\/span>Marshall <\/span>accepted <\/span>it <\/span>for <\/span>the <\/span>city. <\/span>Mr. <\/span>B. <\/span>D. <\/span>Nicola <\/span>was master <\/span>of <\/span>cere\u00ad<\/span>monies.<\/span>\r\n\r\nThe <\/span>executive committee <\/span>in charge <\/span>of <\/span>a city-wide <\/span>Virgil <\/span>observance included Professor <\/span>J, <\/span>H. <\/span>Hanford, <\/span>Professor Clarence P. Bill, <\/span>Mrs. <\/span>Frances Bushea, <\/span>Miss <\/span>Mildred <\/span>Chadsey, <\/span>Miss <\/span>Linda <\/span>A. Eastman, <\/span>Philip Garbo, <\/span>Rossiter <\/span>Howard, <\/span>Dr. <\/span>E. <\/span>B. <\/span>de <\/span>Sauze, <\/span>Leo <\/span>Weidenthal, <\/span>Charles <\/span>\u00a0<\/span>J. <\/span>Wolfram, <\/span>and Mrs. <\/span>Jennie <\/span>K. <\/span>Zwick. <\/span>A plaque bearing a Virgil <\/span>verse <\/span>was <\/span>presented <\/span>to <\/span>the <\/span>garden,<\/span>during <\/span>this <\/span>celebration.<\/span>\r\n\r\nIn <\/span>1932 <\/span>Cleveland received <\/span>from <\/span>Italy <\/span>a block of <\/span>stone <\/span>hewn <\/span>from the <\/span>side <\/span>of <\/span>Monte Grappa <\/span>in <\/span>\u00a0Northern <\/span>Italy, in honor <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>many <\/span>northern <\/span>Ohio <\/span>members <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>332nd <\/span>Regiment <\/span>of <\/span>Infantry,. who <\/span>fought <\/span>on <\/span>Italian <\/span>soil <\/span>in.1918. <\/span>Here <\/span>also <\/span>is <\/span>a tablet <\/span>recalling <\/span>the late General <\/span>Balbo's <\/span>fight <\/span>from <\/span>Rome <\/span>to <\/span>Chicago <\/span>in <\/span>1933.<\/span>\r\n\r\nIn <\/span>August <\/span>of <\/span>1934, <\/span>the <\/span>right^ <\/span>Reverend Monsig\u00ad<\/span>nor <\/span>Edidio Vagnazzi, <\/span>Papal\u00a0<\/span>delegate<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>from <\/span>Rome, <\/span>in <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>for <\/span>the <\/span>Holy Rosary <\/span>Church\u00a0<\/span>celebration<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>Feast <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>Assumption, visited <\/span>the <\/span>Italian <\/span>Garden.<\/span>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_207\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"312\"]\"Count Count Gradenigo, Mayor Marshall, Philip Garbo[\/caption]\r\n\r\nAt <\/span>the <\/span>Columbus <\/span>Day <\/span>celebration <\/span>in 1935, two <\/span>bronze <\/span>tablets <\/span>were <\/span>presented <\/span>to <\/span>the <\/span>Italian Cultural <\/span>Garden <\/span>Association <\/span>by <\/span>its <\/span>president, Mr. <\/span>Philip <\/span>Garbo. <\/span>These <\/span>tablets <\/span>are affixed to <\/span>the <\/span>massive <\/span>stone piers <\/span>flanking <\/span>the <\/span>main <\/span>garden <\/span>entrance <\/span>on <\/span>the upper boulevard level. On one tablet are the names of one hundred famous Italians, the Italian coat of arms, and a raised map of Italy. On the other are two figures representing Italy offering America the fruits of her cultural achievement.<\/span>\r\n\r\nSpeakers <\/span>at <\/span>the <\/span>event included <\/span>Dr. <\/span>Romeo Montec\u00ad<\/span>chi, <\/span>Italian Consul; <\/span>Mrs; Josephine <\/span>Novario, <\/span>teacher <\/span>of <\/span>Italian <\/span>at <\/span>John <\/span>Hay <\/span>High <\/span>'School <\/span>and <\/span>the <\/span>Cleve\u00ad<\/span>land Institute <\/span>of <\/span>Music; Mrs. <\/span>G. <\/span>A. Barricelli; <\/span>Dr. <\/span>C. <\/span>Menzalora, <\/span>and <\/span>Charles <\/span>J. <\/span>Wolfram, <\/span>then <\/span>presi\u00ad<\/span>dent <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>Cultural <\/span>Garden <\/span>League. <\/span>Mon\u00ad<\/span>signor <\/span>Joseph <\/span>N. <\/span>Trivisino, <\/span>pastor <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>Holy <\/span>Rosary Church, placed <\/span>a wreath <\/span>in <\/span>honor <\/span>of <\/span>Christo\u00ad<\/span>pher <\/span>Columbus. <\/span>\r\n\r\nIn <\/span>1936 <\/span>the <\/span>Cleveland <\/span>spring <\/span>season <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>San <\/span>Carlo <\/span>Opera <\/span>Company was sponsored <\/span>by <\/span>the <\/span>Cul\u00ad<\/span>tural <\/span>Garden <\/span>League. <\/span>The <\/span>Italian <\/span>Cultural <\/span>Garden Association took a leading role in arranging for this festival of all-Italian operas.<\/span>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_206\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"771\"]\"Upper Upper Boulevard Entrance to the Italian Cultural Garden[\/caption]\r\n\r\nOn <\/span>September <\/span>14, <\/span>1941, <\/span>the <\/span>completed <\/span>Italian <\/span>Cultural Garden <\/span>was <\/span>officially <\/span>dedicated <\/span>in <\/span>a pro\u00ad<\/span>gram honoring <\/span>the <\/span>garden <\/span>as <\/span>a symbol <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>con\u00ad<\/span>tribution <\/span>of <\/span>Italian culture <\/span>to <\/span>American <\/span>democracy. <\/span>Patriotic <\/span>songs <\/span>were <\/span>sung <\/span>by <\/span>the <\/span>assembled <\/span>crowd, <\/span>and Angelo <\/span>Vitale\u2019s <\/span>band played.<\/span>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_208\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"766\"]\"Lower Lower Terrace Wall of the Italian Cultural Garden[\/caption]\r\n\r\nA. L. <\/span>De <\/span>Maioribus, <\/span>at <\/span>that <\/span>time president <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>City <\/span>Council, was <\/span>principal <\/span>speaker. <\/span>His <\/span>theme, <\/span>ad\u00ad<\/span>dressed <\/span>to <\/span>free <\/span>Americans, was <\/span>\u201cStrength <\/span>Without <\/span>Hatreds.\u201d <\/span>In his address <\/span>he <\/span>pointed out that \u201cnothing <\/span>can <\/span>be <\/span>more <\/span>disruptive <\/span>of <\/span>national <\/span>unity <\/span>than <\/span>the <\/span>importation <\/span>of <\/span>antagonisms <\/span>of <\/span>old <\/span>Europe <\/span>into <\/span>our <\/span>new <\/span>world.\u201d<\/span>\r\n\r\nThe <\/span>Italian Garden <\/span>was <\/span>begun <\/span>in <\/span>1939 <\/span>and <\/span>com\u00ad<\/span>pleted <\/span>in <\/span>1941. <\/span>The <\/span>city <\/span>contributed <\/span>$18,061, <\/span>and <\/span>the Federal Government, <\/span>in <\/span>W. <\/span>P. <\/span>A. <\/span>funds, <\/span>$94,557, <\/span>toward its <\/span>total <\/span>cost.<\/span>\r\n\r\nOfficers through the <\/span>years <\/span>include Philip Garbo <\/span>as president; <\/span>Charles Cavano, <\/span>first <\/span>vice <\/span>president; <\/span>Federico <\/span>Sad, <\/span>second <\/span>vice <\/span>president; <\/span>Mrs. <\/span>Pauline <\/span>Bruno, <\/span>secretary, <\/span>and <\/span>Philip Garbo, <\/span>Mrs. <\/span>G. <\/span>A. <\/span>Barricelli, <\/span>Eugene <\/span>Palermo, and Frank <\/span>Sancetta, <\/span>trustees. <\/span>The <\/span>late <\/span>Frank <\/span>D. <\/span>Celebrezze, <\/span>brother <\/span>of <\/span>Mayor Anthony <\/span>J. <\/span>Celebrezze served <\/span>the Italian <\/span>Cultural Garden <\/span>Association <\/span>for <\/span>many <\/span>years <\/span>as <\/span>treasurer.<\/span>\r\n\r\nThe <\/span>present <\/span>executive <\/span>committee <\/span>of <\/span>the Italian <\/span>Cultural Garden <\/span>consists <\/span>of <\/span>Philip Garbo, Judge <\/span>B. <\/span>D. <\/span>Nicola, <\/span>S. <\/span>Cirelli, <\/span>Anthony <\/span>J., <\/span>Celebrezze, <\/span>A. <\/span>L. <\/span>DeMaioribus, <\/span>F. <\/span>Santi, John <\/span>J. <\/span>Locuoco, <\/span>Folco <\/span>Zu\u00ad<\/span>garo, <\/span>Mr. <\/span>and <\/span>Mrs. <\/span>John <\/span>Gamone. <\/span>Philip Garbo <\/span>is <\/span>president. <\/span>Natale <\/span>Comella <\/span>is secretary. <\/span>\r\n\r\nThe <\/span>beautiful Italian Garden <\/span>in <\/span>the glorious <\/span>Re\u00ad<\/span>naissance <\/span>tradition <\/span>it represents, <\/span>forms <\/span>a resplendent <\/span>unit <\/span>in <\/span>the Cultural Gardens chain, and <\/span>is <\/span>a time\u00ad<\/span>less asset <\/span>to Cleveland and to <\/span>America.<\/span>\r\n\r\n ","rendered":"

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The Italian Cultural Garden is designed on two levels in formal landscape style grandly conceived in the spirit of the Italian Renaissance.<\/p>\n

The chief features of the upper level garden arc a large circular marble fountain, a stone parapet, and, terminating the right arm of its North-South axis, a bronze bust of the poet Virgil. Mounted on a stone column taken from the ancient Roman for\u00adum, this sculpture was a gift from the Italian\u00a0government.<\/p>\n

The garden slopes by hillside terraces to the lower boulevard, where a semicircular, brick-paved court , forms a parapet and retaining wall. Here is set a double shell fountain, and the wall is decorated with six medallions of carved stone representing six great Italians whose genius has enriched the world. These are Giotto (1267-1337), Florentine artist regarded as the founder of modern art; Michelangelo (1475-\u00ad1564), sculptor, painter, creator of the Sistine cha\u00adpel murals, most famous artist of the Renaissance and perhaps of all time; Petrarch (1304-1374), Italian poet, Latin scholar, and great humanist; Giu\u00adseppe Verdi (1813-1901), composer of the most popular operas ever written; Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), most typical genius of the Renaissance in his supremacy in the fields of painting, sculpture, architecture, music, science, engineering, and natural philosophy; and Guglielmo Marconi (1874-1937), Italian inventor, founder of commercial wireless telegraphy and of radio as we know it today.<\/p>\n

The Italian Garden was formally opened on Oc\u00adtober 12, 1930, with the joint celebration of\u00a0Columbus\u00a0Day and the 2000th anniversary of the birth of the poet, Virgil, when the bust of the great poet was unveiled. Festivities began at nine o\u2019clock in the morning of the mild October day. Three thousand members of Italian societies heard extolled the rich cultural contributions of the Latin races to American civilization. A letter of congratulation to the City of Cleveland upon this occasion from Senator-Nobile Giacomo de Martino, royal Italian ambassador in Washington, read in part: \u201cBy honoring Virgil, Cleveland honors herself. Rome, capital of Latinity and jealous custodian of Latin culture, has appreci\u00adated the noble gift of this city. In response to the generous act with which the citizens of Cleveland have offered to the Italian community as a symbol of friendship and in memory of the Latin poet, a part of her public park to be dedicated to Virgil, Rome has sent a pedestal. This column has been handed down to us through the centuries, and perhaps has been witness to the triumph of the poet.\u201d <\/p>\n

At noon on this day, a semi-circle of American, Ital\u00adian, and fraternal banners was formed around the pedestal, and to the strains of band music, the bronze, laurel-crowned head of the gentle and beloved poet, was unveiled.<\/p>\n

A message of congratulations from Herbert Hoover, then President of the United States, was read.<\/p>\n

City Manager William R. Hopkins then spoke, stressing the cultural significance of these nationality gardens. Dr. John A. Barricelli delivered an address on Virgil in Italian, and Professor John Belfi a trib\u00adute in Latin. Commander Hugo Dudone, Italian war veteran of New York, compared the legacies to America of Virgil and Columbus. Count Cesare George B. Gradenigo, Italian Consul, then presented the. bust, and Mayor John D. Marshall accepted it for the city. Mr. B. D. Nicola was master of cere\u00admonies.<\/p>\n

The executive committee in charge of a city-wide Virgil observance included Professor J, H. Hanford, Professor Clarence P. Bill, Mrs. Frances Bushea, Miss Mildred Chadsey, Miss Linda A. Eastman, Philip Garbo, Rossiter Howard, Dr. E. B. de Sauze, Leo Weidenthal, Charles \u00a0J. Wolfram, and Mrs. Jennie K. Zwick. A plaque bearing a Virgil verse was presented to the garden,during this celebration.<\/p>\n

In 1932 Cleveland received from Italy a block of stone hewn from the side of Monte Grappa in \u00a0Northern Italy, in honor of the many northern Ohio members of the 332nd Regiment of Infantry,. who fought on Italian soil in.1918. Here also is a tablet recalling the late General Balbo’s fight from Rome to Chicago in 1933.<\/p>\n

In August of 1934, the right^ Reverend Monsig\u00adnor Edidio Vagnazzi, Papal\u00a0delegate\u00a0from Rome, in Cleveland for the Holy Rosary Church\u00a0celebration\u00a0of the Feast of the Assumption, visited the Italian Garden.<\/p>\n

\"Count
Count Gradenigo, Mayor Marshall, Philip Garbo<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

At the Columbus Day celebration in 1935, two bronze tablets were presented to the Italian Cultural Garden Association by its president, Mr. Philip Garbo. These tablets are affixed to the massive stone piers flanking the main garden entrance on the upper boulevard level. On one tablet are the names of one hundred famous Italians, the Italian coat of arms, and a raised map of Italy. On the other are two figures representing Italy offering America the fruits of her cultural achievement.<\/p>\n

Speakers at the event included Dr. Romeo Montec\u00adchi, Italian Consul; Mrs; Josephine Novario, teacher of Italian at John Hay High ‘School and the Cleve\u00adland Institute of Music; Mrs. G. A. Barricelli; Dr. C. Menzalora, and Charles J. Wolfram, then presi\u00addent of the Cleveland Cultural Garden League. Mon\u00adsignor Joseph N. Trivisino, pastor of the Holy Rosary Church, placed a wreath in honor of Christo\u00adpher Columbus. <\/p>\n

In 1936 the Cleveland spring season of the San Carlo Opera Company was sponsored by the Cul\u00adtural Garden League. The Italian Cultural Garden Association took a leading role in arranging for this festival of all-Italian operas.<\/p>\n

\"Upper
Upper Boulevard Entrance to the Italian Cultural Garden<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

On September 14, 1941, the completed Italian Cultural Garden was officially dedicated in a pro\u00adgram honoring the garden as a symbol of the con\u00adtribution of Italian culture to American democracy. Patriotic songs were sung by the assembled crowd, and Angelo Vitale\u2019s band played.<\/p>\n

\"Lower
Lower Terrace Wall of the Italian Cultural Garden<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

A. L. De Maioribus, at that time president of the City Council, was principal speaker. His theme, ad\u00addressed to free Americans, was \u201cStrength Without Hatreds.\u201d In his address he pointed out that \u201cnothing can be more disruptive of national unity than the importation of antagonisms of old Europe into our new world.\u201d<\/p>\n

The Italian Garden was begun in 1939 and com\u00adpleted in 1941. The city contributed $18,061, and the Federal Government, in W. P. A. funds, $94,557, toward its total cost.<\/p>\n

Officers through the years include Philip Garbo as president; Charles Cavano, first vice president; Federico Sad, second vice president; Mrs. Pauline Bruno, secretary, and Philip Garbo, Mrs. G. A. Barricelli, Eugene Palermo, and Frank Sancetta, trustees. The late Frank D. Celebrezze, brother of Mayor Anthony J. Celebrezze served the Italian Cultural Garden Association for many years as treasurer.<\/p>\n

The present executive committee of the Italian Cultural Garden consists of Philip Garbo, Judge B. D. Nicola, S. Cirelli, Anthony J., Celebrezze, A. L. DeMaioribus, F. Santi, John J. Locuoco, Folco Zu\u00adgaro, Mr. and Mrs. John Gamone. Philip Garbo is president. Natale Comella is secretary. <\/p>\n

The beautiful Italian Garden in the glorious Re\u00adnaissance tradition it represents, forms a resplendent unit in the Cultural Gardens chain, and is a time\u00adless asset to Cleveland and to America.<\/p>\n

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