{"id":76,"date":"2022-03-17T18:02:59","date_gmt":"2022-03-17T18:02:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/their-paths-are-peace\/?post_type=chapter&p=76"},"modified":"2023-05-01T12:28:11","modified_gmt":"2023-05-01T12:28:11","slug":"rusin-cultural-garden","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/their-paths-are-peace\/chapter\/rusin-cultural-garden\/","title":{"rendered":"Rusin Cultural Garden"},"content":{"raw":"\"\"\r\n\r\n\"\"\r\n\r\nThe <\/span>Rusin <\/span>Cultural Garden, <\/span>on <\/span>the <\/span>upper <\/span>and <\/span>lower <\/span>East <\/span>Boulevard, <\/span>between <\/span>the <\/span>Czech <\/span>and <\/span>Slovak <\/span>Gardens, is the <\/span>fourth <\/span>garden <\/span>in <\/span>succession <\/span>from <\/span>the <\/span>East <\/span>Boulevard <\/span>and <\/span>St. <\/span>Clair intersection. <\/span>Set <\/span>in <\/span>a wooded <\/span>glade sloping <\/span>down to the <\/span>lower <\/span>boule\u00ad<\/span>vard <\/span>by <\/span>way <\/span>of <\/span>a spacious <\/span>terrace <\/span>overlooking <\/span>Doan <\/span>Brook, <\/span>it <\/span>has a <\/span>sandstone <\/span>terrace with <\/span>parapets <\/span>of <\/span>brick <\/span>and <\/span>stone <\/span>on <\/span>the upper <\/span>level. <\/span>The <\/span>Rush <\/span>Gar\u00ad<\/span>den <\/span>is <\/span>sponsored <\/span>by <\/span>the <\/span>Rusin <\/span>Cultural Garden <\/span>Association, <\/span>headed <\/span>by <\/span>Reverend Joseph <\/span>Hanulya, <\/span>pastor <\/span>of <\/span>Holy <\/span>Ghost <\/span>Greek Catholic Church. <\/span>\r\n\r\nPlans <\/span>for <\/span>the <\/span>Rusin <\/span>Garden <\/span>were <\/span>drawn <\/span>up <\/span>and <\/span>approved <\/span>in <\/span>1938. <\/span>Chief <\/span>supporter <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>Rush <\/span>Garden <\/span>movement <\/span>was <\/span>the <\/span>Rusin Educational <\/span>So<\/span>ciety, <\/span>with the <\/span>Reverend <\/span>Joseph <\/span>P. <\/span>Hanulya <\/span>as <\/span>pres\u00ad<\/span>ident, <\/span>Dr. <\/span>Eugen Mankovich <\/span>as <\/span>vice-president, Mi\u00ad<\/span>chael <\/span>Surso <\/span>as <\/span>secretary, <\/span>and <\/span>Sig <\/span>T. <\/span>Brinsky as <\/span>at\u00ad<\/span>torney.<\/span>\r\n\r\nThe <\/span>Rush <\/span>Garden plot <\/span>was <\/span>dedicated <\/span>on <\/span>June <\/span>25th, <\/span>1939. <\/span>Ceremonies <\/span>began <\/span>with <\/span>a parade led <\/span>by <\/span>the Cathedral <\/span>Latin <\/span>High <\/span>School <\/span>Band. <\/span>The <\/span>open\u00ad<\/span>ing <\/span>address <\/span>was <\/span>by <\/span>the Reverend Joseph <\/span>P. <\/span>Hanulya, <\/span>president <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>Rusin <\/span>Cultural <\/span>Garden <\/span>Association, <\/span>who alluded <\/span>to <\/span>the spot as <\/span>a \u201cshrine <\/span>to <\/span>the culture <\/span>of <\/span>all <\/span>Rusins,\u201d <\/span>as their garden <\/span>joined <\/span>the <\/span>28 <\/span>other <\/span>nationalities <\/span>represented <\/span>in <\/span>the Cultural Garden <\/span>League. <\/span>The <\/span>Garden <\/span>site <\/span>was blessed <\/span>by <\/span>the <\/span>guest of honor, the Right Reverend Bazil Takach of Pitts\u00adburgh, Bishop of the Greek Catholic diocese of America. Bishop Takach led the litany, and in his address to the assemblage of over 1000 people of Rusin descent from Cleveland and Northern Ohio, urged, \u201cwith all your attention to the culture of your ancestors, do not forget to be loyal to this, our adopted country.\u201d Mayor Harold H. Burton express\u00aded the wish for the continuance of Rusin culture in the city, because \u201cCleveland knows too little about your people and would like to know more.\u201d Dr. P. I. Zeedick, representative of the Greek Catholic Rus\u00adin Union of Pittsburgh reviewed the history of the oppressed Rusin people, and their noble struggle to preserve the elements of their ancient national culture. The Reverend Joseph Jackanich of Youngs\u00adtown spoke about Alexander Duchnovich, Carpatho-Rusin poet. Other speakers were John W. Bricker, Governor of Ohio, and Dr. Hugo Varga, director of Cleveland parks. National anthems and sacred chants were rendered by the combined choirs of Holy Ghost and St. Gregory's Greek Catholic Churches. At a banquet at Guildhall, Builders\u2019 Exchange Build\u00ading, following the dedication, plans for the further development of the Rusin Garden were discussed by members and officers of the Rush Cultural Garden Association.<\/span>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_227\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"324\"]\"Father Father Alexander Basil Duchnovich[\/caption]\r\n\r\nOn <\/span>May <\/span>23, <\/span>1952, <\/span>a <\/span>bust <\/span>of <\/span>Father Alexander <\/span>Basil <\/span>Duchnovich <\/span>was <\/span>unveiled <\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>Rusin <\/span>Gar\u00ad<\/span>den <\/span>by <\/span>Father <\/span>Joseph <\/span>Hanulya. <\/span>Msgr. <\/span>Tomislav <\/span>Firis, <\/span>pastor <\/span>of <\/span>St. <\/span>Nicholas Parish, officiated at the <\/span>cere\u00ad<\/span>mony. <\/span>The <\/span>work <\/span>of <\/span>Sculptor, <\/span>Frank <\/span>Jirouch, <\/span>the <\/span>bust; <\/span>at <\/span>a cost of <\/span>$1300, <\/span>was <\/span>made possible by dona\u00ad<\/span>tions <\/span>contributed <\/span>by <\/span>those present <\/span>at the <\/span>Rusin <\/span>Cultural <\/span>Garden <\/span>dedication <\/span>in 1939. <\/span>\u2018On <\/span>it are <\/span>inscribed <\/span>the <\/span>words, <\/span>\u201cI <\/span>was, am, and always <\/span>will <\/span>be <\/span>a Rusin\u201d <\/span>--written <\/span>by <\/span>Father <\/span>Duchnovich when a\u00a0<\/span>political prisoner, <\/span>as <\/span>a reply to <\/span>the <\/span>court <\/span>which <\/span>offered <\/span>him <\/span>his <\/span>freedom <\/span>if <\/span>he would <\/span>renounce his <\/span>Rush <\/span>tenden\u00ad<\/span>cies. <\/span>These <\/span>words <\/span>later <\/span>became <\/span>the <\/span>nucleus <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>Rusin <\/span>National <\/span>Anthem.<\/span>\r\n\r\nFather <\/span>Duchnovich, Rusin <\/span>priest, patriot, poet, <\/span>educator, <\/span>and author <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>Rusin <\/span>National <\/span>Anthem, <\/span>lived <\/span>from l803 <\/span>to <\/span>1865. <\/span>He\u00a0<\/span>is honored\u00a0as the <\/span>chief <\/span>force <\/span>in <\/span>elevating the <\/span>cultural\u00a0<\/span>standard of the Rusin people. Also distinguished as dramatist, historian, scholar, legislator, humorist, and philosopher, this priest in the Greek Catholic Church consecrated his life to the enlightenment of his people, largely through writing and publishing books in the Rusin language. He carried on his dauntless struggle for universal education and a rebirth of the national spirit during a period of the darkest political, economic, and even moral eclipse. In addition to the National Anthem, he is famous for the Rusin national march, several primers for children, volumes of poems, plays and history, and -one of the most cherished treasures of the Rusin people--a prayer-book, \u201cThe Bread of the Soul.\u201d <\/span>\r\n\r\nBooks <\/span>Father <\/span>Duchnovich <\/span>defined <\/span>as <\/span>\u201cselfless <\/span>friends, <\/span>faithful <\/span>friends <\/span>. <\/span>. <\/span>. <\/span>a lighthouse <\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>dark\u00ad<\/span>ness <\/span>of <\/span>doubts, <\/span>an <\/span>anchor <\/span>in <\/span>the tempests <\/span>of <\/span>pas\u00ad<\/span>sions.\u201d Father <\/span>Duchnovich <\/span>lives <\/span>on, <\/span>a hero <\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>truest <\/span>sense, <\/span>to <\/span>his <\/span>beloved Rusin <\/span>people. <\/span>\r\n\r\nThe <\/span>Rusins <\/span>are <\/span>a Slavic race <\/span>of <\/span>Asiatic <\/span>origin, <\/span>from <\/span>which <\/span>stem <\/span>the <\/span>Russians <\/span>and Ukrainians. <\/span>\r\n\r\nPrior to <\/span>World <\/span>War <\/span>I, <\/span>the <\/span>Rusin people <\/span>com\u00ad<\/span>prised <\/span>a <\/span>part <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>Austro-Hungarian <\/span>Empire <\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>main, <\/span>the <\/span>Rusins lived in <\/span>the <\/span>Carpathian <\/span>moun\u00ad<\/span>tains, and <\/span>were <\/span>at <\/span>times <\/span>called <\/span>Carpatho-Rusins.<\/span>\r\n\r\nIn <\/span>governmental <\/span>and <\/span>ecclesiastical documents <\/span>the <\/span>Rusins there are <\/span>sometimes <\/span>called <\/span>Ruthenians.<\/span>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_226\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"318\"]\"Bishop Bishop Takach at Rusin Garden Dedication[\/caption]\r\n\r\nSubsequent <\/span>to <\/span>World <\/span>War <\/span>I <\/span>and <\/span>as <\/span>the <\/span>creation <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>Republic <\/span>of <\/span>Czechoslovakia <\/span>the <\/span>Rusin <\/span>state, <\/span>Ruthenia, <\/span>was established as <\/span>a <\/span>part <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>new <\/span>republic. <\/span>\r\n\r\nRuthenia <\/span>is the <\/span>eastern <\/span>state <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>said Republic <\/span>of <\/span>Czechoslovakia, however, <\/span>large <\/span>Rusin commun\u00ad<\/span>ities <\/span>are found <\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>state <\/span>of <\/span>Slovakia which <\/span>is <\/span>adjacent <\/span>to <\/span>Ruthenia <\/span>on <\/span>its <\/span>west. <\/span>\r\n\r\nThe <\/span>faith <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>Rusins <\/span>is <\/span>Catholic. <\/span>The <\/span>rite <\/span>is <\/span>the <\/span>old <\/span>Bizantine-Slovanik <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>Catholic <\/span>Church. <\/span>\r\n\r\nA <\/span>conscientious, <\/span>thrifty, <\/span>and\u00a0<\/span>home loving people, <\/span>they <\/span>have <\/span>enriched <\/span>Cleveland's <\/span>civic <\/span>and <\/span>cultural <\/span>life <\/span>by <\/span>their <\/span>love <\/span>of <\/span>independence and <\/span>political liberty, <\/span>by <\/span>the splendid capella <\/span>choirs <\/span>of <\/span>their <\/span>Byzantine <\/span>rites churches<\/span>, <\/span>and <\/span>by <\/span>sharing with their fellow <\/span>citi\u00ad<\/span>zens <\/span>the <\/span>Rusin <\/span>Cultural <\/span>Garden <\/span>and <\/span>the <\/span>great <\/span>work <\/span>of <\/span>their <\/span>national <\/span>hero, Father <\/span>Duchnovich.<\/span>\r\n\r\nThe <\/span>spirit <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>Rusin <\/span>people, their <\/span>history <\/span>and <\/span>their <\/span>background <\/span>are mirrored <\/span>in <\/span>the <\/span>lovely\u00a0<\/span>garden which\u00a0they have established <\/span>as <\/span>a part <\/span>of <\/span>the <\/span>Cleve\u00ad<\/span>land Cultural <\/span>Garden <\/span>chain.<\/span>\r\n\r\n[caption id=\"attachment_228\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"768\"]\"Parade Parade to Rusin Cultural Garden on Dedication Day[\/caption]","rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

The Rusin Cultural Garden, on the upper and lower East Boulevard, between the Czech and Slovak Gardens, is the fourth garden in succession from the East Boulevard and St. Clair intersection. Set in a wooded glade sloping down to the lower boule\u00advard by way of a spacious terrace overlooking Doan Brook, it has a sandstone terrace with parapets of brick and stone on the upper level. The Rush Gar\u00adden is sponsored by the Rusin Cultural Garden Association, headed by Reverend Joseph Hanulya, pastor of Holy Ghost Greek Catholic Church. <\/p>\n

Plans for the Rusin Garden were drawn up and approved in 1938. Chief supporter of the Rush Garden movement was the Rusin Educational Society, with the Reverend Joseph P. Hanulya as pres\u00adident, Dr. Eugen Mankovich as vice-president, Mi\u00adchael Surso as secretary, and Sig T. Brinsky as at\u00adtorney.<\/p>\n

The Rush Garden plot was dedicated on June 25th, 1939. Ceremonies began with a parade led by the Cathedral Latin High School Band. The open\u00ading address was by the Reverend Joseph P. Hanulya, president of the Rusin Cultural Garden Association, who alluded to the spot as a \u201cshrine to the culture of all Rusins,\u201d as their garden joined the 28 other nationalities represented in the Cultural Garden League. The Garden site was blessed by the guest of honor, the Right Reverend Bazil Takach of Pitts\u00adburgh, Bishop of the Greek Catholic diocese of America. Bishop Takach led the litany, and in his address to the assemblage of over 1000 people of Rusin descent from Cleveland and Northern Ohio, urged, \u201cwith all your attention to the culture of your ancestors, do not forget to be loyal to this, our adopted country.\u201d Mayor Harold H. Burton express\u00aded the wish for the continuance of Rusin culture in the city, because \u201cCleveland knows too little about your people and would like to know more.\u201d Dr. P. I. Zeedick, representative of the Greek Catholic Rus\u00adin Union of Pittsburgh reviewed the history of the oppressed Rusin people, and their noble struggle to preserve the elements of their ancient national culture. The Reverend Joseph Jackanich of Youngs\u00adtown spoke about Alexander Duchnovich, Carpatho-Rusin poet. Other speakers were John W. Bricker, Governor of Ohio, and Dr. Hugo Varga, director of Cleveland parks. National anthems and sacred chants were rendered by the combined choirs of Holy Ghost and St. Gregory’s Greek Catholic Churches. At a banquet at Guildhall, Builders\u2019 Exchange Build\u00ading, following the dedication, plans for the further development of the Rusin Garden were discussed by members and officers of the Rush Cultural Garden Association.<\/p>\n

\"Father
Father Alexander Basil Duchnovich<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

On May 23, 1952, a bust of Father Alexander Basil Duchnovich was unveiled in the Rusin Gar\u00adden by Father Joseph Hanulya. Msgr. Tomislav Firis, pastor of St. Nicholas Parish, officiated at the cere\u00admony. The work of Sculptor, Frank Jirouch, the bust; at a cost of $1300, was made possible by dona\u00adtions contributed by those present at the Rusin Cultural Garden dedication in 1939. \u2018On it are inscribed the words, \u201cI was, am, and always will be a Rusin\u201d –written by Father Duchnovich when a\u00a0political prisoner, as a reply to the court which offered him his freedom if he would renounce his Rush tenden\u00adcies. These words later became the nucleus of the Rusin National Anthem.<\/p>\n

Father Duchnovich, Rusin priest, patriot, poet, educator, and author of the Rusin National Anthem, lived from l803 to 1865. He\u00a0is honored\u00a0as the chief force in elevating the cultural\u00a0standard of the Rusin people. Also distinguished as dramatist, historian, scholar, legislator, humorist, and philosopher, this priest in the Greek Catholic Church consecrated his life to the enlightenment of his people, largely through writing and publishing books in the Rusin language. He carried on his dauntless struggle for universal education and a rebirth of the national spirit during a period of the darkest political, economic, and even moral eclipse. In addition to the National Anthem, he is famous for the Rusin national march, several primers for children, volumes of poems, plays and history, and -one of the most cherished treasures of the Rusin people–a prayer-book, \u201cThe Bread of the Soul.\u201d <\/p>\n

Books Father Duchnovich defined as \u201cselfless friends, faithful friends . . . a lighthouse in the dark\u00adness of doubts, an anchor in the tempests of pas\u00adsions.\u201d Father Duchnovich lives on, a hero in the truest sense, to his beloved Rusin people. <\/p>\n

The Rusins are a Slavic race of Asiatic origin, from which stem the Russians and Ukrainians. <\/p>\n

Prior to World War I, the Rusin people com\u00adprised a part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in the main, the Rusins lived in the Carpathian moun\u00adtains, and were at times called Carpatho-Rusins.<\/p>\n

In governmental and ecclesiastical documents the Rusins there are sometimes called Ruthenians.<\/p>\n

\"Bishop
Bishop Takach at Rusin Garden Dedication<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Subsequent to World War I and as the creation of the Republic of Czechoslovakia the Rusin state, Ruthenia, was established as a part of the new republic. <\/p>\n

Ruthenia is the eastern state of the said Republic of Czechoslovakia, however, large Rusin commun\u00adities are found in the state of Slovakia which is adjacent to Ruthenia on its west. <\/p>\n

The faith of the Rusins is Catholic. The rite is the old Bizantine-Slovanik of the Catholic Church. <\/p>\n

A conscientious, thrifty, and\u00a0home loving people, they have enriched Cleveland’s civic and cultural life by their love of independence and political liberty, by the splendid capella choirs of their Byzantine rites churches, and by sharing with their fellow citi\u00adzens the Rusin Cultural Garden and the great work of their national hero, Father Duchnovich.<\/p>\n

The spirit of the Rusin people, their history and their background are mirrored in the lovely\u00a0garden which\u00a0they have established as a part of the Cleve\u00adland Cultural Garden chain.<\/p>\n

\"Parade
Parade to Rusin Cultural Garden on Dedication Day<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"menu_order":19,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-76","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":48,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/their-paths-are-peace\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/76","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/their-paths-are-peace\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/their-paths-are-peace\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/their-paths-are-peace\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/their-paths-are-peace\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/76\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":391,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/their-paths-are-peace\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/76\/revisions\/391"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/their-paths-are-peace\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/48"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/their-paths-are-peace\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/76\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/their-paths-are-peace\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=76"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/their-paths-are-peace\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=76"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/their-paths-are-peace\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=76"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/their-paths-are-peace\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=76"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}