{"id":223,"date":"2021-07-23T22:20:58","date_gmt":"2021-07-23T22:20:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/?post_type=chapter&p=223"},"modified":"2021-08-09T15:51:59","modified_gmt":"2021-08-09T15:51:59","slug":"6-9-1-fatphobia-marketing-and-eating-disorders-oh-my-prospectus","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/chapter\/6-9-1-fatphobia-marketing-and-eating-disorders-oh-my-prospectus\/","title":{"rendered":"6.9.1 Fatphobia, marketing, and eating disorders, oh my! (prospectus)"},"content":{"raw":"

March 2021<\/h3>\r\n

Topic:\u00a0Does exposure to weight loss advertisements\/diet culture have\u00a0an impact on how young\u00a0people\u00a0view and talk about their bodies?<\/h1>\r\nThis relates to the idea of literacy through communication both as an\u00a0internal monologue young women\u00a0have\u00a0and on how bodies are talked about online (specifically advertisements).\r\n

Research Questions<\/h1>\r\n
    \r\n \t
  1. What literacy practices do advertisements use when talking about weight loss products? How does this make people feel? What is the purpose of the language used?<\/li>\r\n \t
  2. How early in their life does diet culture\u00a0affect\u00a0children? What does this look like?\u00a0Is it behavior shifts, verbal shifts, or a combination of both?\u00a0How is diet culture linked to eating disorders? Do we teach children to\u00a0hate\u00a0their bodies through the language used in advertisements?<\/li>\r\n \t
  3. Is there nonverbal communication in advertisements that\u00a0influence\u00a0viewers?\u00a0What would these look like?<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n

    Paragraph Breakdown<\/h1>\r\nParagraph one:\u00a0Hook, introduction to\u00a0the topic,\u00a0and pose the main question. \u201cDoes exposure to weight loss advertisements\/diet culture have an impact on how young people view and talk about their bodies?\u201d\r\n\r\nParagraph two:\u00a0Provide\u00a0extra information, define (or specify) words like: eating disorder\u00a0(anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating disorder are the three main disorders being\u00a0discussed\u00a0in the paper), mid-sized,\u00a0plus sized, and disordered eating (which is different from an eating disorder).\u00a0From here I will\u00a0explain\u00a0the kind\u00a0advertisements\u00a0I will be\u00a0analyzing and\u00a0provide\u00a0a smooth transition to the next paragraph by talking\u00a0about the literacy aspect of weight loss advertisements.\r\n\r\nParagraph three:\u00a0Pose the first set of research questions. \u201cWhat literacy practices do advertisements use when talking about weight loss products? How does this make people feel? What is the purpose of the language used?\u201d To answer the first question, I will break down the media elements that evoke some\u00a0emotional\u00a0response. Some of these include lighting, color\u00a0palate, facial expressions of the actors, music in the background, and language used before and after using the product. Literacy encompasses\u00a0all\u00a0these modes because communication can happen\u00a0all\u00a0these ways. The following two questions will be an analysis of the media elements.\u00a0Sources will be used to reinforce all the information used.\r\n\r\nParagraph four: Add in a few screen\u00a0shots of a commercial and then\u00a0provide\u00a0the YouTube link to the exact commercial.\u00a0Break down\u00a0all\u00a0the media elements listen in paragraph 2 and explain how eating disorders are cultivated. Define trauma and learned\u00a0behaviors\u00a0and how they apply to being constantly exposed to media explaining why their bodies are bad.\u00a0Cite a few sources that explain why eating disorders happen and how external factors have a hand in this mental illness.\r\n\r\nParagraph five: Pose the next set of questions \u201cHow early in their life does diet culture affect children? What does this look like? Is it behavior shifts, verbal shifts, or a combination of both? How is diet culture linked to eating disorders? Do we teach children to hate their bodies through the language used in advertisements?\u201d\u00a0The multi-part questions will be analyzed and then answered through the sources and in future examples.\u00a0Some of the future examples will include screen shots from actual weight loss advertisements.\r\n\r\nParagraph six: Collect a series\u00a0(three\u00a0or four)\u00a0of weight loss advertisements and cite them all. Analyze the script used in each of them and then compare the language used.\u00a0Copy and paste the scripts and highlight the commonly used words or phrases. They do not have to be\u00a0verbatim,\u00a0but they\u00a0need to be\u00a0very similar.\u00a0What words are repeated? Why? Are they positive or negative? Does it talk about how good you look and feel or about how unsatisfied you are with your body? After listening to these repeated words, how do I feel? Cite more sources about negative reinforcement, usage of\u00a0negative\u00a0language and how it affects us, and about eating disorder language.\u00a0The next method of analysis I will use is looking specifically at the colors used. I know from previous exposure to these advertisements that the \u201cbefore\u201d picture or skit,\u00a0usually where a mid-sized woman is unsuccessful in trying to button her jeans,\u00a0that is shown\u00a0in black and white\u00a0and then the use of bright, vibrant colors when she fits into those same jeans.\u00a0I can either cite a source about color psychology or dive into my own analysis as to why\u00a0cinematically\u00a0it is shown this way.\r\n\r\nParagraph seven: Focus on the outcomes of the\u00a0advertisements.\u00a0Do the weight loss companies care if the viewers are psychologically damaged from their commercials?\u00a0Explain eating disorder statistics and why they matter.\u00a0I will also\u00a0review the terminology from the beginning that I defined to give the reader a better idea now that they have read the paper.\u00a0Talk about societal expectations for women and include stereotypes.\u00a0The societal expectations will date back as far as the 1990s simply to keep it relevant. The stereotypes can include anything misogynistic, fatphobic, or\u00a0blatantly sexist\u00a0as long as\u00a0it has to do with weight.\u00a0Go into depth with the stigma associated with being fat and why\u00a0western culture has this \u201cthin idealism\u201d way of thinking. Relate\u00a0all\u00a0this back to the advertisements with the use of sources.\u00a0This paragraph should broaden the argument into many different things to\u00a0encapsulate\u00a0just how ingrained it\u00a0iswithin\u00a0our society to deem fat as \u201cunacceptable\u201d and then drive\u00a0the point home by narrowing it down again into this one specific issue.\r\n\r\nParagraph seven: conclusion, reiterate findings, restate thesis.\u00a0Killer closing sentence that I have yet to come up with.\r\n\r\nI\u00a0will\u00a0be\u00a0including\u00a0my own experiences in this paper. While it does\u00a0increase\u00a0my\u00a0ethos\u00a0and\u00a0pathos\u00a0(credibility and emotional response), it\u00a0does not necessarily improve my argument. My own disordered eating habit was due to trauma from\u00a0a severe\u00a0injury and\u00a0a lot of bullying.\u00a0When I was 13, I broke my neck and almost died. I was an athlete and while even at that time I had an unhealthy relationship with food, because I was working out so much it \u201cdidn\u2019t really matter\u201d.\u00a0I am incredibly lucky to not only be alive but\u00a0to also not have any\u00a0paralysis.\u00a0My injury happened when I was in 7th\u00a0grade and my bullying was atrocious. Even now, middle school brings back terrible memories. Because of this prolonged trauma of not only almost dying but\u00a0lots of bullying, I developed a binge eating disorder. I used food as a coping mechanism which created another problem for me. This\u00a0disordered\u00a0eating lasted\u00a0through most of high school. It was not until my senior year when I finally reached out for help and received proper treatment.\u00a0While it is not directly applicable,\u00a0while I was struggling, weight loss advertisements were incredibly triggering and detrimental when I was already so\u00a0unstable.\u00a0I am\u00a0still\u00a0sensitive to weight loss advertisements and comments on my appearance in general, but I am learning to distinguish opinions\u00a0that\u00a0are important\u00a0to me and ones that are not.\r\n\r\nI am pleased to say that over quarantine, after my recovery, I decided to reclaim my body and treat it the way I should have been all along. I have lost 30 pounds now and am aiming for another 30 to get back to where I should\u00a0be\u00a0had it not been for my disorder. It has been a long, hard journey but I am doing it with the help of a fitness coach and nutritionist so I am being as\u00a0healthy and safe as I can be. I am also\u00a0becoming a certified yoga teacher\u00a0in an effort to\u00a0live a happier, healthier life. I think my own story will be a\u00a0nice contribution to the final paper.\r\n

    Annotated Bibliography<\/p>\r\nAmos, Clinton, and Nancy Spears. \u201cGENERATING A VISCERAL RESPONSE: The Effects of Visceral Cues in Weight Loss Advertising.\u201d Journal of Advertising, vol. 39, no. 3, 2010, pp. 25\u201338., www.jstor.org\/stable\/25780645. Accessed 4 Mar. 2021.\r\n\r\nThis source\u00a0reviews\u00a0visceral responses to weight loss advertisements. Visceral is defined\u00a0as the techniques used to shift the attractiveness\u00a0of a product or lifestyle. This source reviews the techniques used in\u00a0diet culture and weight loss advertisements and how that affects the viewers.\u00a0The three main factors of behavior\u00a0discussed\u00a0in this source are impulsivity,\u00a0attitude changes, and purchase intentions.\r\n\r\nPatton, G. C., et al. \u201cOnset of Adolescent Eating Disorders: Population Based Cohort Study over 3 Years.\u201d BMJ: British Medical Journal, vol. 318, no. 7186, 1999, pp. 765\u2013768. JSTOR, www.jstor.org\/stable\/25184056. Accessed 4 Mar. 2021.\r\n\r\nThis source\u00a0explains how likely adolescents are to develop an eating disorder (specifically anorexia\u00a0or\u00a0bulimia)\u00a0based on how they diet. This three-year study\u00a0began with students\u00a0aged\u00a014-15 and monitored their dieting habits.\u00a0At the beginning of the study, 3.3% of\u00a0female\u00a0adolescent\u00a0subjects already had an eating disorder in some capacity; by the end of the three years, 21.8% of female subjects had developed an eating disorder.\u00a0Adolescent female subjects that strictly dieted were 18 times more likely to develop an eating disorder.\u00a0In \u201cOnset of Adolescent Eating Disorders\u201d\r\n\r\nThompson, J. Kevin, and Eric\u00a0Stice. \u201cThin-Ideal Internalization: Mounting Evidence for a New Risk Factor for Body-Image Disturbance and Eating Pathology.\u201d\u202fCurrent Directions in Psychological Science, vol. 10, no. 5, 2001, pp. 181\u2013183.\u202fJSTOR, www.jstor.org\/stable\/20182734. Accessed 4 Mar. 2021.\r\n\r\nThis source\u00a0talks about the correlation of\u00a0the\u00a0family, peers,\u00a0dieting, and weight loss media\u00a0have\u00a0with body image\u00a0and eating behaviors.\u00a0\u201cThin-ideal internalization\u201d is defined as how people embrace the\u00a0social construct that is western beauty standards and how they negatively impact\u00a0self-worth.\u00a0This source discusses body dissatisfaction purely based on diet culture and how these feelings\u00a0contribute to\u00a0eating disorders and disordered eating.\r\n\r\nBoschi, V., et al. \u201cBody Composition, Eating Behavior, Food-Body Concerns and Eating Disorders in Adolescent Girls.\u201d\u202fAnnals of Nutrition & Metabolism, vol. 47, no. 6, 2003, pp. 284\u2013293.\u202fJSTOR, www.jstor.org\/stable\/48508435. Accessed 4 Mar. 2021.\r\n\r\nThis source\u00a0covers\u00a0the prevalence of\u00a0eating disorders\u00a0in adolescent female subjects. 156 young women had their meals, height, weight,\u00a0and BMI recorded and took a psychological questionnaire to assess their mental state regarding food.\u00a0This study shows that 12.81 percent of the 156 subjects had an eating disorder of some kind.\r\n\r\nGranberg, Ellen M. \u201c\u2018Now My 'Old Self' Is Thin\u2019: Stigma Exits after Weight Loss.\u201d\u202fSocial Psychology Quarterly, vol. 74, no. 1, 2011, pp. 29\u201352.\u202fJSTOR, www.jstor.org\/stable\/41303968. Accessed 4 Mar. 2021.\r\n\r\nThis source\u00a0shows\u00a0a unique perspective\u00a0on\u00a0weight loss and how there is an identity shift. This journal discussed the stigma that is associated with\u00a0the word \u201cfat\u201d and how when removing yourself from that label through weight loss\u00a0still does not remove the stigma.\u00a0This source defines stigma and\u00a0explains the gravity of being\u00a0pigeonholed\u00a0into something that society\u00a0deems\u00a0as \u201cdisgusting\u201d.\u00a0The source also\u00a0explains\u00a0the societal\u00a0expectations of women\u2019s bodies\u00a0and how even after losing weight, the stigma\u00a0remains.","rendered":"

    March 2021<\/h3>\n

    Topic:\u00a0Does exposure to weight loss advertisements\/diet culture have\u00a0an impact on how young\u00a0people\u00a0view and talk about their bodies?<\/h1>\n

    This relates to the idea of literacy through communication both as an\u00a0internal monologue young women\u00a0have\u00a0and on how bodies are talked about online (specifically advertisements).<\/p>\n

    Research Questions<\/h1>\n
      \n
    1. What literacy practices do advertisements use when talking about weight loss products? How does this make people feel? What is the purpose of the language used?<\/li>\n
    2. How early in their life does diet culture\u00a0affect\u00a0children? What does this look like?\u00a0Is it behavior shifts, verbal shifts, or a combination of both?\u00a0How is diet culture linked to eating disorders? Do we teach children to\u00a0hate\u00a0their bodies through the language used in advertisements?<\/li>\n
    3. Is there nonverbal communication in advertisements that\u00a0influence\u00a0viewers?\u00a0What would these look like?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Paragraph Breakdown<\/h1>\n

      Paragraph one:\u00a0Hook, introduction to\u00a0the topic,\u00a0and pose the main question. \u201cDoes exposure to weight loss advertisements\/diet culture have an impact on how young people view and talk about their bodies?\u201d<\/p>\n

      Paragraph two:\u00a0Provide\u00a0extra information, define (or specify) words like: eating disorder\u00a0(anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating disorder are the three main disorders being\u00a0discussed\u00a0in the paper), mid-sized,\u00a0plus sized, and disordered eating (which is different from an eating disorder).\u00a0From here I will\u00a0explain\u00a0the kind\u00a0advertisements\u00a0I will be\u00a0analyzing and\u00a0provide\u00a0a smooth transition to the next paragraph by talking\u00a0about the literacy aspect of weight loss advertisements.<\/p>\n

      Paragraph three:\u00a0Pose the first set of research questions. \u201cWhat literacy practices do advertisements use when talking about weight loss products? How does this make people feel? What is the purpose of the language used?\u201d To answer the first question, I will break down the media elements that evoke some\u00a0emotional\u00a0response. Some of these include lighting, color\u00a0palate, facial expressions of the actors, music in the background, and language used before and after using the product. Literacy encompasses\u00a0all\u00a0these modes because communication can happen\u00a0all\u00a0these ways. The following two questions will be an analysis of the media elements.\u00a0Sources will be used to reinforce all the information used.<\/p>\n

      Paragraph four: Add in a few screen\u00a0shots of a commercial and then\u00a0provide\u00a0the YouTube link to the exact commercial.\u00a0Break down\u00a0all\u00a0the media elements listen in paragraph 2 and explain how eating disorders are cultivated. Define trauma and learned\u00a0behaviors\u00a0and how they apply to being constantly exposed to media explaining why their bodies are bad.\u00a0Cite a few sources that explain why eating disorders happen and how external factors have a hand in this mental illness.<\/p>\n

      Paragraph five: Pose the next set of questions \u201cHow early in their life does diet culture affect children? What does this look like? Is it behavior shifts, verbal shifts, or a combination of both? How is diet culture linked to eating disorders? Do we teach children to hate their bodies through the language used in advertisements?\u201d\u00a0The multi-part questions will be analyzed and then answered through the sources and in future examples.\u00a0Some of the future examples will include screen shots from actual weight loss advertisements.<\/p>\n

      Paragraph six: Collect a series\u00a0(three\u00a0or four)\u00a0of weight loss advertisements and cite them all. Analyze the script used in each of them and then compare the language used.\u00a0Copy and paste the scripts and highlight the commonly used words or phrases. They do not have to be\u00a0verbatim,\u00a0but they\u00a0need to be\u00a0very similar.\u00a0What words are repeated? Why? Are they positive or negative? Does it talk about how good you look and feel or about how unsatisfied you are with your body? After listening to these repeated words, how do I feel? Cite more sources about negative reinforcement, usage of\u00a0negative\u00a0language and how it affects us, and about eating disorder language.\u00a0The next method of analysis I will use is looking specifically at the colors used. I know from previous exposure to these advertisements that the \u201cbefore\u201d picture or skit,\u00a0usually where a mid-sized woman is unsuccessful in trying to button her jeans,\u00a0that is shown\u00a0in black and white\u00a0and then the use of bright, vibrant colors when she fits into those same jeans.\u00a0I can either cite a source about color psychology or dive into my own analysis as to why\u00a0cinematically\u00a0it is shown this way.<\/p>\n

      Paragraph seven: Focus on the outcomes of the\u00a0advertisements.\u00a0Do the weight loss companies care if the viewers are psychologically damaged from their commercials?\u00a0Explain eating disorder statistics and why they matter.\u00a0I will also\u00a0review the terminology from the beginning that I defined to give the reader a better idea now that they have read the paper.\u00a0Talk about societal expectations for women and include stereotypes.\u00a0The societal expectations will date back as far as the 1990s simply to keep it relevant. The stereotypes can include anything misogynistic, fatphobic, or\u00a0blatantly sexist\u00a0as long as\u00a0it has to do with weight.\u00a0Go into depth with the stigma associated with being fat and why\u00a0western culture has this \u201cthin idealism\u201d way of thinking. Relate\u00a0all\u00a0this back to the advertisements with the use of sources.\u00a0This paragraph should broaden the argument into many different things to\u00a0encapsulate\u00a0just how ingrained it\u00a0iswithin\u00a0our society to deem fat as \u201cunacceptable\u201d and then drive\u00a0the point home by narrowing it down again into this one specific issue.<\/p>\n

      Paragraph seven: conclusion, reiterate findings, restate thesis.\u00a0Killer closing sentence that I have yet to come up with.<\/p>\n

      I\u00a0will\u00a0be\u00a0including\u00a0my own experiences in this paper. While it does\u00a0increase\u00a0my\u00a0ethos\u00a0and\u00a0pathos\u00a0(credibility and emotional response), it\u00a0does not necessarily improve my argument. My own disordered eating habit was due to trauma from\u00a0a severe\u00a0injury and\u00a0a lot of bullying.\u00a0When I was 13, I broke my neck and almost died. I was an athlete and while even at that time I had an unhealthy relationship with food, because I was working out so much it \u201cdidn\u2019t really matter\u201d.\u00a0I am incredibly lucky to not only be alive but\u00a0to also not have any\u00a0paralysis.\u00a0My injury happened when I was in 7th\u00a0grade and my bullying was atrocious. Even now, middle school brings back terrible memories. Because of this prolonged trauma of not only almost dying but\u00a0lots of bullying, I developed a binge eating disorder. I used food as a coping mechanism which created another problem for me. This\u00a0disordered\u00a0eating lasted\u00a0through most of high school. It was not until my senior year when I finally reached out for help and received proper treatment.\u00a0While it is not directly applicable,\u00a0while I was struggling, weight loss advertisements were incredibly triggering and detrimental when I was already so\u00a0unstable.\u00a0I am\u00a0still\u00a0sensitive to weight loss advertisements and comments on my appearance in general, but I am learning to distinguish opinions\u00a0that\u00a0are important\u00a0to me and ones that are not.<\/p>\n

      I am pleased to say that over quarantine, after my recovery, I decided to reclaim my body and treat it the way I should have been all along. I have lost 30 pounds now and am aiming for another 30 to get back to where I should\u00a0be\u00a0had it not been for my disorder. It has been a long, hard journey but I am doing it with the help of a fitness coach and nutritionist so I am being as\u00a0healthy and safe as I can be. I am also\u00a0becoming a certified yoga teacher\u00a0in an effort to\u00a0live a happier, healthier life. I think my own story will be a\u00a0nice contribution to the final paper.<\/p>\n

      Annotated Bibliography<\/p>\n

      Amos, Clinton, and Nancy Spears. \u201cGENERATING A VISCERAL RESPONSE: The Effects of Visceral Cues in Weight Loss Advertising.\u201d Journal of Advertising, vol. 39, no. 3, 2010, pp. 25\u201338., www.jstor.org\/stable\/25780645. Accessed 4 Mar. 2021.<\/p>\n

      This source\u00a0reviews\u00a0visceral responses to weight loss advertisements. Visceral is defined\u00a0as the techniques used to shift the attractiveness\u00a0of a product or lifestyle. This source reviews the techniques used in\u00a0diet culture and weight loss advertisements and how that affects the viewers.\u00a0The three main factors of behavior\u00a0discussed\u00a0in this source are impulsivity,\u00a0attitude changes, and purchase intentions.<\/p>\n

      Patton, G. C., et al. \u201cOnset of Adolescent Eating Disorders: Population Based Cohort Study over 3 Years.\u201d BMJ: British Medical Journal, vol. 318, no. 7186, 1999, pp. 765\u2013768. JSTOR, www.jstor.org\/stable\/25184056. Accessed 4 Mar. 2021.<\/p>\n

      This source\u00a0explains how likely adolescents are to develop an eating disorder (specifically anorexia\u00a0or\u00a0bulimia)\u00a0based on how they diet. This three-year study\u00a0began with students\u00a0aged\u00a014-15 and monitored their dieting habits.\u00a0At the beginning of the study, 3.3% of\u00a0female\u00a0adolescent\u00a0subjects already had an eating disorder in some capacity; by the end of the three years, 21.8% of female subjects had developed an eating disorder.\u00a0Adolescent female subjects that strictly dieted were 18 times more likely to develop an eating disorder.\u00a0In \u201cOnset of Adolescent Eating Disorders\u201d<\/p>\n

      Thompson, J. Kevin, and Eric\u00a0Stice. \u201cThin-Ideal Internalization: Mounting Evidence for a New Risk Factor for Body-Image Disturbance and Eating Pathology.\u201d\u202fCurrent Directions in Psychological Science, vol. 10, no. 5, 2001, pp. 181\u2013183.\u202fJSTOR, www.jstor.org\/stable\/20182734. Accessed 4 Mar. 2021.<\/p>\n

      This source\u00a0talks about the correlation of\u00a0the\u00a0family, peers,\u00a0dieting, and weight loss media\u00a0have\u00a0with body image\u00a0and eating behaviors.\u00a0\u201cThin-ideal internalization\u201d is defined as how people embrace the\u00a0social construct that is western beauty standards and how they negatively impact\u00a0self-worth.\u00a0This source discusses body dissatisfaction purely based on diet culture and how these feelings\u00a0contribute to\u00a0eating disorders and disordered eating.<\/p>\n

      Boschi, V., et al. \u201cBody Composition, Eating Behavior, Food-Body Concerns and Eating Disorders in Adolescent Girls.\u201d\u202fAnnals of Nutrition & Metabolism, vol. 47, no. 6, 2003, pp. 284\u2013293.\u202fJSTOR, www.jstor.org\/stable\/48508435. Accessed 4 Mar. 2021.<\/p>\n

      This source\u00a0covers\u00a0the prevalence of\u00a0eating disorders\u00a0in adolescent female subjects. 156 young women had their meals, height, weight,\u00a0and BMI recorded and took a psychological questionnaire to assess their mental state regarding food.\u00a0This study shows that 12.81 percent of the 156 subjects had an eating disorder of some kind.<\/p>\n

      Granberg, Ellen M. \u201c\u2018Now My ‘Old Self’ Is Thin\u2019: Stigma Exits after Weight Loss.\u201d\u202fSocial Psychology Quarterly, vol. 74, no. 1, 2011, pp. 29\u201352.\u202fJSTOR, www.jstor.org\/stable\/41303968. Accessed 4 Mar. 2021.<\/p>\n

      This source\u00a0shows\u00a0a unique perspective\u00a0on\u00a0weight loss and how there is an identity shift. This journal discussed the stigma that is associated with\u00a0the word \u201cfat\u201d and how when removing yourself from that label through weight loss\u00a0still does not remove the stigma.\u00a0This source defines stigma and\u00a0explains the gravity of being\u00a0pigeonholed\u00a0into something that society\u00a0deems\u00a0as \u201cdisgusting\u201d.\u00a0The source also\u00a0explains\u00a0the societal\u00a0expectations of women\u2019s bodies\u00a0and how even after losing weight, the stigma\u00a0remains.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":253,"menu_order":23,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":["anonenglish102"],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[68],"license":[],"class_list":["post-223","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","contributor-anonenglish102"],"part":158,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/223","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/253"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/223\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":531,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/223\/revisions\/531"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/158"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/223\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=223"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=223"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=223"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=223"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}