{"id":478,"date":"2021-07-28T20:11:38","date_gmt":"2021-07-28T20:11:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=478"},"modified":"2021-08-09T16:03:07","modified_gmt":"2021-08-09T16:03:07","slug":"3-9-1-communication-as-a-treatment-or-prevention-for-anxiety-synthesis","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/chapter\/3-9-1-communication-as-a-treatment-or-prevention-for-anxiety-synthesis\/","title":{"rendered":"3.9.1 Communication as a treatment or prevention for anxiety (synthesis)"},"content":{"raw":"<h3>English 102, February 2021<\/h3>\r\n<div>\r\n<p class=\"paragraph\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Anxiety is one of the most diagnosed disorders in the world. Whether it be s<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">ocial anxiety, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, or one of the many other types. I have experienced severe anxiety at a younger age and have managed to overcome it through communication therapy. However, there are many people who choose alternative methods of therapy like medication. There is no correct nor incorrect way to approach the therapy process of someone dealing with a form of anxiety, but over the past few years, there has been significant research favouring the different forms of communication therapy and how it helps those with anxiety overcome the disorder.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">According to Barnett, Communication styles can be defined as \u201cthe characteristic way a person sends verbal, paraverbal, and nonverbal signals in social interactions\u201d<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">(Barnett<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">et<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">al,<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">4).<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">According to Gee<i>,<\/i><\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u2018Acquisition\u2019 is something that is learnt as if it were a habit, like second nature. It can be argued that communication is acquired over time, as one matures and gets older, whether it be via texting, speaking, writing or one of the other communication styles. However, often people do not know what their preferred form of communication is, and how they can use that to communicate their thoughts, hence the need for therapists, to help one discover what<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">and<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">how they can successfully communicate.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">(Gee,<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">20)<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"eop\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n<p class=\"paragraph\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">The first article<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">I looked at<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">was<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u201cSocial Anxiety and Perceived Social Support: Gender Differences and the Mediating Role of Communication Styles\u201d<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">by Michael D. Barnett.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>The purpose of this study was to investigate different types of communication styles \u201cas mediators of the relationship between social anxiety and perceived social support.\u201d<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span>(Barnett<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span>et al, 3)<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>This means that Barnett underwent the study in order to try and establish<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>whether<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>there was a relationship between different communication styles, and<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>social anxiety.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>This article specifically spoke about social anxiety and<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>whether or not<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>there were differences between genders when it came to the different communication styles, and what may be causing these differences, be it a perceived LACK of social support and hence the lack of people to communicate with etc.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span>(Barnett<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span>et al, 6).<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>I found this article interesting because it analyzes the different forms of communication styles<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>(varying<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>from expressiveness,<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>to more negative forms of communication<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>like verbal aggressiveness) and it<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>breaks down the link and common problems between social anxiety and<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>communication and<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>examines social support and how it is linked to communication.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span>(Barnett<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span>et al, 5)<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>The link that was found was<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>that individuals with higher social anxiety<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>were<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>more likely<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>to avoid<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>perceived<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>negative social outcomes by developing a<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>\u201cself-protective\"<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>style of communication in which there is<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>very little \u201cself-disclosure\".<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span>(Barnett<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span>et al, 11)<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>In order to get the desired results, participants completed an online survey<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>and received<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>extra<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>course credit<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>for participating. The authors found that there were<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>no gender differences<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>with regards to<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>social anxiety or perceived social support, however, social anxiety<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>was found to be more prominent where people of both genders perceived they had<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>very little to no social support and did not express their thoughts as they felt they had nobody to express them to.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span>(Barnett<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span>et al, 11)<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>The authors found that women had higher levels of expressiveness and emotionality, while men had higher levels of preciseness, verbal aggressiveness,<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>\u201cquestioningness\u201d, and impression<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>manipulativeness,<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>however, there is no explanation for what causes this.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>The common theme<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>in this article<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>was communication, and how it links to mediating the different forms of anxiety (in this case, social anxiety).<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>I had anxiety when I was younger and communication helped me deal with it, I am interested<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>to<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>find<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>out why.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>Support is very dependent on social support, which in one way or another is a discourse, whether it be friends or family, people just don\u2019t always understand that.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"eop\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n<p class=\"paragraph\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>The second article was communication focused therapy for anxiety<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>and panic attacks<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>by<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>Christian Jonathan<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>Haverkampf.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>This article breaks down what anxiety is,<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>as well as<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>looking into the different communication patterns, possible side effects, the process<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>to<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>understanding and approaching anxiety, and what communication focused therapy is and why it is important.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>The conclusion was that based on many years of research and looking at different papers that have been written,<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>and it was found that communication is the<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>main most important part of change.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>It was established that when there is a meaningful exchange of words, thoughts or messages, and a mutual flow of information<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>in a \u2018safe environment\u2019, it brings a positive change in both people who take part.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span>(Haverkampf, 39)<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>The study looked specifically at public speaking anxiety<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>and<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>its relationship to<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>different \u201cpsychological<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>stress indicators\u201d<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>at four different stages of the delivery.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span>(Haverkampf, 9)<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>The author found that<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>communication is some<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>way<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>or another was extremely important and \u201cthe vehicle of change\u201d<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span>(Haverkampf, 39)<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>It was found that communication lowers anxiety because it<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>allows people to \u2018de-stress\u2019, and essentially makes more meaningful<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>information available to those we can trust, allowing them to help us and support us if it is needed.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span>(Haverkampf, 18)<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>It allows people to adapt to their environments, and live life according to their own interests and values. It was found that the reason there was such success with communication, was because it allows people to<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>\u201cgrasp who they are, and their wants and needs in life\u201d.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"eop\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n<p class=\"paragraph\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>Communication allows us to have a sense of self and a grasp of who we are and what we need and want in the world, but it has to be learned<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>similar to<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>our communication with other people.\u201d<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span>(Haverkampf, 18)<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>This study follows the common them of communication. It<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>investigates<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>what it is, why it helps, and the positive effect it has on coping and dealing with anxiety.\u00a0 It is an in-depth study that helped me generate a broader understanding of anxiety, whilst looking at some forms of communication that can help,<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>and<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>different factors that may even worsen the effect anxiety has on<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>one's<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>life, like social setting.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"eop\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n<p class=\"paragraph\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>The third article is Communication-Focused Therapy (CFT) for Social Anxiety and Shyness<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>by<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>Christian<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>Jonathan<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>Haverkampf.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>I chose this article because it takes the information from the previous<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>article, and shows it in a more specified study, particularly<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>to do with<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>social anxiety which<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>therefore<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>links the first article and the second article at the same time.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>This article is also written by<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>Haverkampf<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>and hence has very similar findings and research, however, it is more detailed as it is focusing on a specific type of anxiety.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>It<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>looks at<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>why<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>communication is important, why people with social anxiety struggle to communicate, and what is so dangerous about a lack of communication.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>Haverkampf<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>believes that communication is the<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>roots<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>of how people pursue what is valuable to them<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>and<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>fulfill<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>their aspirations, communicating is an essential part of leading a happy life. However, people with social anxiety who struggle to communicate, essentially have their lives interfered with as they are unable to develop helpful communication patterns, and this interferes with \u201clife itself\u201d<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span>(Haverkampf, 108)<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>\u201cIndividuals with social anxiety often see their communication patterns as a direct expression of themselves rather than as a skill which can be experimented with to find ways of interacting with others that ultimately fit one\u2019s personality and sense of self.\u201d<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>Haverkampf<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>came to these conclusions by means of research, previous papers, other<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>studies.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>He believes that the most important factor of<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>communication,<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>it that it allows for an exchange of meaningful messages, which<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>allow<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>the individual<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>to become better connected to oneself.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span>(Haverkampf, 110)<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>This study is once again the same common concept of anxiety,<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>however,<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>puts the research and information from the first two articles into one. I saw it<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>as<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span>a \u2018conclusion\u2019 of the first two articles. It was written by the same author as the second article and so many of the concepts are very similar, however, this applies the previous information to a specific type of anxiety disorder, which happens to be the same as what the first article was about.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"eop\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n<p class=\"paragraph\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">In conclusion,<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">communication is a vital part of not only dealing with anxiety, but also avoiding anxiety<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">of<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">many different forms.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">It allows one to<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">express<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">their thoughts and is also very dependent on the social circle and the level of trust the person has in the people they are communicating with.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"eop\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n<p class=\"paragraph\" style=\"text-align: center\" align=\"center\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Works<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">cited\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"eop\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n<p class=\"paragraph hanging-indent\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Jonathan<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Haverkampf<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">(2017)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Communication-Focused Therapy (CFT) for Social Anxiety and Shyness,<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Available at:<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><u><span lang=\"EN-GB\">https:\/\/d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net\/56209699\/Haverkampf_CJ_Communication-Focused_Therapy_CFT_for_Social_Anxiety_and_Shyness_J_Psychiatry_Psychotherapy_Communication.pdf?1522588074=&amp;response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DCommunication_Focused_Therapy_CFT_for_So.pdf&amp;Expires=1614269536&amp;Signature=KPEzq1DF-LVlOdKLFfKh6diAFu7qADJv-rCBT3OwJfnzXTQbM8Rxv6VUWsbzrU7q365WlIdOQPHn0-Z4Tk33BnDPjZnPpj3WOU4krySRUSCdvpnEQSK7F~Awljprn4WBYng0-FBqbR9Y-tdMp3wwBoE0IbRkzj4fJNvRLG1m2Hk-EV-gutYzpgm3PIi9~v7KGWaF4VlOQ5R8GA6GQsrMk6tO4PtUFScnbz52hWzebYIUIvHlh9mnqMspQDUX4hpunO0h6SCeCNO2eZ~FPQc2yFhfxA0q7MQQrFYxiyp0lQyeiJrCxLQ3TFMI-NV0ZtfxS2XmaAIBEfhazwx6ynXnjg__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA<\/span><\/u><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">(Accessed: 10 February 2020).<\/span><\/span><span class=\"eop\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<p class=\"paragraph\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Jonathan<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Haverkampf<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">(2019)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">COMMUNICATIONFOCUSED THERAPY\u00ae (CFT) FOR ANXIETY AND PANIC ATTACKS,<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Available at:<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><u><span lang=\"EN-GB\">https:\/\/jonathanhaverkampf.ie\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Communication-Focused-Therapy%C2%AE-CFT-for-Anxiety-and-Panic-Attacks-3-Christian-Jonathan-Haverkampf.pdf<\/span><\/u><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">(Accessed: 10 February 2020).<\/span><\/span><span class=\"eop\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<div>\r\n<p class=\"paragraph hanging-indent\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Michael D. Barnett (2020)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Social Anxiety and Perceived Social Support: Gender Differences and the Mediating Role of Communication Styles,<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Available at:<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><u><span lang=\"EN-GB\">https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/0033294119900975<\/span><\/u><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">(Accessed: 10 February 2020).<\/span><\/span><span class=\"eop\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n<p class=\"paragraph\"><span class=\"eop\"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span><\/span><\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<h3>English 102, February 2021<\/h3>\n<div>\n<p class=\"paragraph\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Anxiety is one of the most diagnosed disorders in the world. Whether it be s<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">ocial anxiety, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, or one of the many other types. I have experienced severe anxiety at a younger age and have managed to overcome it through communication therapy. However, there are many people who choose alternative methods of therapy like medication. There is no correct nor incorrect way to approach the therapy process of someone dealing with a form of anxiety, but over the past few years, there has been significant research favouring the different forms of communication therapy and how it helps those with anxiety overcome the disorder.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">According to Barnett, Communication styles can be defined as \u201cthe characteristic way a person sends verbal, paraverbal, and nonverbal signals in social interactions\u201d<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">(Barnett<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">et<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">al,<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">4).<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">According to Gee<i>,<\/i><\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u2018Acquisition\u2019 is something that is learnt as if it were a habit, like second nature. It can be argued that communication is acquired over time, as one matures and gets older, whether it be via texting, speaking, writing or one of the other communication styles. However, often people do not know what their preferred form of communication is, and how they can use that to communicate their thoughts, hence the need for therapists, to help one discover what<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">and<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">how they can successfully communicate.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">(Gee,<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">20)<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"eop\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"paragraph\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">The first article<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">I looked at<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">was<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u201cSocial Anxiety and Perceived Social Support: Gender Differences and the Mediating Role of Communication Styles\u201d<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">by Michael D. Barnett.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">The purpose of this study was to investigate different types of communication styles \u201cas mediators of the relationship between social anxiety and perceived social support.\u201d<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i>(Barnett<\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i>et al, 3)<\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">This means that Barnett underwent the study in order to try and establish<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">whether<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">there was a relationship between different communication styles, and<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">social anxiety.<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">This article specifically spoke about social anxiety and<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">whether or not<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">there were differences between genders when it came to the different communication styles, and what may be causing these differences, be it a perceived LACK of social support and hence the lack of people to communicate with etc.<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i>(Barnett<\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i>et al, 6).<\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">I found this article interesting because it analyzes the different forms of communication styles<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">(varying<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">from expressiveness,<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">to more negative forms of communication<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">like verbal aggressiveness) and it<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">breaks down the link and common problems between social anxiety and<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">communication and<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">examines social support and how it is linked to communication.<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i>(Barnett<\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i>et al, 5)<\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">The link that was found was<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">that individuals with higher social anxiety<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">were<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">more likely<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">to avoid<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">perceived<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">negative social outcomes by developing a<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">\u201cself-protective&#8221;<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">style of communication in which there is<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">very little \u201cself-disclosure&#8221;.<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i>(Barnett<\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i>et al, 11)<\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">In order to get the desired results, participants completed an online survey<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">and received<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">extra<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">course credit<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">for participating. The authors found that there were<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">no gender differences<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">with regards to<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">social anxiety or perceived social support, however, social anxiety<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">was found to be more prominent where people of both genders perceived they had<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">very little to no social support and did not express their thoughts as they felt they had nobody to express them to.<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i>(Barnett<\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i>et al, 11)<\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">The authors found that women had higher levels of expressiveness and emotionality, while men had higher levels of preciseness, verbal aggressiveness,<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">\u201cquestioningness\u201d, and impression<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">manipulativeness,<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">however, there is no explanation for what causes this.<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">The common theme<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">in this article<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">was communication, and how it links to mediating the different forms of anxiety (in this case, social anxiety).<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">I had anxiety when I was younger and communication helped me deal with it, I am interested<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">to<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">find<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">out why.<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">Support is very dependent on social support, which in one way or another is a discourse, whether it be friends or family, people just don\u2019t always understand that.\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"eop\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"paragraph\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\">The second article was communication focused therapy for anxiety<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">and panic attacks<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">by<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">Christian Jonathan<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">Haverkampf.<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">This article breaks down what anxiety is,<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">as well as<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">looking into the different communication patterns, possible side effects, the process<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">to<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">understanding and approaching anxiety, and what communication focused therapy is and why it is important.<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">The conclusion was that based on many years of research and looking at different papers that have been written,<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">and it was found that communication is the<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">main most important part of change.<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">It was established that when there is a meaningful exchange of words, thoughts or messages, and a mutual flow of information<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">in a \u2018safe environment\u2019, it brings a positive change in both people who take part.<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i>(Haverkampf, 39)<\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">The study looked specifically at public speaking anxiety<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">and<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">its relationship to<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">different \u201cpsychological<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">stress indicators\u201d<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">at four different stages of the delivery.<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i>(Haverkampf, 9)<\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">The author found that<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">communication is some<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">way<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">or another was extremely important and \u201cthe vehicle of change\u201d<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i>(Haverkampf, 39)<\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">It was found that communication lowers anxiety because it<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">allows people to \u2018de-stress\u2019, and essentially makes more meaningful<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">information available to those we can trust, allowing them to help us and support us if it is needed.<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i>(Haverkampf, 18)<\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">It allows people to adapt to their environments, and live life according to their own interests and values. It was found that the reason there was such success with communication, was because it allows people to<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">\u201cgrasp who they are, and their wants and needs in life\u201d.<\/span><span class=\"eop\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"paragraph\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\">Communication allows us to have a sense of self and a grasp of who we are and what we need and want in the world, but it has to be learned<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">similar to<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">our communication with other people.\u201d<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i>(Haverkampf, 18)<\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">This study follows the common them of communication. It<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">investigates<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">what it is, why it helps, and the positive effect it has on coping and dealing with anxiety.\u00a0 It is an in-depth study that helped me generate a broader understanding of anxiety, whilst looking at some forms of communication that can help,<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">and<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">different factors that may even worsen the effect anxiety has on<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">one&#8217;s<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">life, like social setting.<\/span><span class=\"eop\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"paragraph\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\">The third article is Communication-Focused Therapy (CFT) for Social Anxiety and Shyness<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">by<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">Christian<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">Jonathan<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">Haverkampf.<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">I chose this article because it takes the information from the previous<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">article, and shows it in a more specified study, particularly<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">to do with<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">social anxiety which<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">therefore<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">links the first article and the second article at the same time.<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">This article is also written by<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">Haverkampf<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">and hence has very similar findings and research, however, it is more detailed as it is focusing on a specific type of anxiety.<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">It<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">looks at<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">why<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">communication is important, why people with social anxiety struggle to communicate, and what is so dangerous about a lack of communication.<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">Haverkampf<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">believes that communication is the<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">roots<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">of how people pursue what is valuable to them<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">and<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">fulfill<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">their aspirations, communicating is an essential part of leading a happy life. However, people with social anxiety who struggle to communicate, essentially have their lives interfered with as they are unable to develop helpful communication patterns, and this interferes with \u201clife itself\u201d<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i>(Haverkampf, 108)<\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">.\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">\u201cIndividuals with social anxiety often see their communication patterns as a direct expression of themselves rather than as a skill which can be experimented with to find ways of interacting with others that ultimately fit one\u2019s personality and sense of self.\u201d<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">Haverkampf<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">came to these conclusions by means of research, previous papers, other<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">studies.<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">He believes that the most important factor of<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">communication,<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">it that it allows for an exchange of meaningful messages, which<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">allow<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">the individual<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">to become better connected to oneself.<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i>(Haverkampf, 110)<\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i>\u00a0<\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">This study is once again the same common concept of anxiety,<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">however,<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">puts the research and information from the first two articles into one. I saw it<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">as<\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\">\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\">a \u2018conclusion\u2019 of the first two articles. It was written by the same author as the second article and so many of the concepts are very similar, however, this applies the previous information to a specific type of anxiety disorder, which happens to be the same as what the first article was about.\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"eop\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"paragraph\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">In conclusion,<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">communication is a vital part of not only dealing with anxiety, but also avoiding anxiety<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">of<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">many different forms.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">It allows one to<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">express<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">their thoughts and is also very dependent on the social circle and the level of trust the person has in the people they are communicating with.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"eop\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"paragraph\" style=\"text-align: center; text-align: center;\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Works<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">cited\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"eop\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"paragraph hanging-indent\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Jonathan<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Haverkampf<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">(2017)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Communication-Focused Therapy (CFT) for Social Anxiety and Shyness,<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Available at:<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><u><span lang=\"EN-GB\">https:\/\/d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net\/56209699\/Haverkampf_CJ_Communication-Focused_Therapy_CFT_for_Social_Anxiety_and_Shyness_J_Psychiatry_Psychotherapy_Communication.pdf?1522588074=&amp;response-content-disposition=inline%3B+filename%3DCommunication_Focused_Therapy_CFT_for_So.pdf&amp;Expires=1614269536&amp;Signature=KPEzq1DF-LVlOdKLFfKh6diAFu7qADJv-rCBT3OwJfnzXTQbM8Rxv6VUWsbzrU7q365WlIdOQPHn0-Z4Tk33BnDPjZnPpj3WOU4krySRUSCdvpnEQSK7F~Awljprn4WBYng0-FBqbR9Y-tdMp3wwBoE0IbRkzj4fJNvRLG1m2Hk-EV-gutYzpgm3PIi9~v7KGWaF4VlOQ5R8GA6GQsrMk6tO4PtUFScnbz52hWzebYIUIvHlh9mnqMspQDUX4hpunO0h6SCeCNO2eZ~FPQc2yFhfxA0q7MQQrFYxiyp0lQyeiJrCxLQ3TFMI-NV0ZtfxS2XmaAIBEfhazwx6ynXnjg__&amp;Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA<\/span><\/u><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">(Accessed: 10 February 2020).<\/span><\/span><span class=\"eop\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"paragraph\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Jonathan<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Haverkampf<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">(2019)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">COMMUNICATIONFOCUSED THERAPY\u00ae (CFT) FOR ANXIETY AND PANIC ATTACKS,<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Available at:<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><u><span lang=\"EN-GB\">https:\/\/jonathanhaverkampf.ie\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Communication-Focused-Therapy%C2%AE-CFT-for-Anxiety-and-Panic-Attacks-3-Christian-Jonathan-Haverkampf.pdf<\/span><\/u><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">(Accessed: 10 February 2020).<\/span><\/span><span class=\"eop\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<div>\n<p class=\"paragraph hanging-indent\"><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Michael D. Barnett (2020)<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Social Anxiety and Perceived Social Support: Gender Differences and the Mediating Role of Communication Styles,<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><i><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">Available at:<\/span><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><i><u><span lang=\"EN-GB\">https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/0033294119900975<\/span><\/u><\/i><\/span><span class=\"apple-converted-space\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><span class=\"normaltextrun\"><span lang=\"EN-GB\">(Accessed: 10 February 2020).<\/span><\/span><span class=\"eop\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p class=\"paragraph\"><span class=\"eop\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":253,"menu_order":22,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":["kmindry"],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[87],"license":[],"class_list":["post-478","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","contributor-kmindry"],"part":42,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/478","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/253"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/478\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":556,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/478\/revisions\/556"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/42"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/478\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=478"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=478"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=478"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ulib.csuohio.edu\/understanding-literacy-in-our-lives\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=478"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}