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Consumer Goods Pricing Act of 1975, Pub L. No. 94-145, 89 Stat. pp. 801.

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Defunct Discount Stores of the United States, General Books, 2010.

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Ellison, Bruce. “Strawbridge is Businessman of Year,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 14, 1974.

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“Exclusive at May’s Carloads Sale, Special Savings on 1957 Deluxe Speed Queen Washers, $119.95.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 22, 1957.

“Exclusive at the May Company – The TV Blouse.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 14, 1952.

“Exclusively at the May Company, Seven-Volume Modern American Encyclopedia Set.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 21, 1952.

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“Executive Scene.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 3, 1977.

“Executive Scene.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 5, 1979.

“Executive Scene.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 8, 1985.

“Executive Scene.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 28, 1986

“Exhibition June 2nd through June 7th Nine Modern Artists.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 1, 1952.

“Expect Great Things.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 4, 1931.

“FTC Charges Price Favors to Higbee’s Others.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 1, 1964.

“Fairlawn Gets Preview of New Shopping Center.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 27, 1965.

“Federated’s Net Rises 11% May’s Is Up 9%.” The New York Times, March 19, 1987.

“Fifty-Five Stores Comprise May Company’s Network.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 19, 1964.

“File Suit to Gain Higbee Ownership.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 29, 1941.

“Find the Best Prices from the Best Names at Higbee’s.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 28, 1990.

“Fine American Tourister Luggage at Big Savings.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 22, 1953.

“Fine Overcoats and Suits.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 14, 1908.

“First in Cleveland at the May Company Five-Room Colonial Doll House.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 2, 1949.

“First Mint Elizabeth II Coins.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 4, 1953.

“First Mortgage 6% Gold Bonds.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 2, 1915.

“Food for Thought about Eagle Stamps.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 30, 1916.

“For Fall Surety Hats.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 21, 1929.

For further details see Strawbridge, Remembering Higbee’s Reminiscences.

“For Rent.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 24, 1896.

“For Sixty Dollars.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 14, 1915.

“For the Best of Everything, Go to the May Company First.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 22, 1908.

“For the Knights Templars, The May Company’s Preparations to Accommodate Them.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 7, 1903.

“Foreign Holders Seek More Higbee’s Voice.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 4, 1984.

“Foreign Investor Buys 5% of Higbee Stock, SEC is Told.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 13, 1981.

“Foreign Investors Get More Higbee Shares.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 23, 1982.

“Four Years of Steady Growth.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 31, 1904.

“Free Higbee’s Gift Certificate.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 3, 1972.

“Free Musicale in our New Auditorium.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 15, 1907.

Freeh, John. “Downtown Store Hours Extended.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 28, 1990.

Freeh, John. “Higbee to Close Restaurants Downtown.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 4, 1989.

Freeh, John. “Sales Earnings Up for Quarter, Year at Dillard Stores.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 1, 1990.

French, Janet Beighle. “The Ever Green Mr. Jingeling.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 15, 1990.

“Friday at the May Company Beginning our Annual After-Thanksgiving Mark Down Sale.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 30, 1933.

Frost, Shelly. “What is Psychological Pricing?” Houston Chronicle, 2004, www.smallbusiness.chrom.com.

Fuller, John. “Halle’s Chief, Ragan, fired by Jerome Shottenstein.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 3, 1982.

Fuller, John. “Higbee has Best Year since 1977 Record Quarter.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 26, 1983.

Fuller, John and John Lee Koshar. “Higbee Co. to Get Halle’s Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 12, 1982.

Fuller, John and Donald Sabath. “Six Halle’s Spared; One at Westgate.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 29, 1982.

“Fun Day Fashions.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 15, 1967.

Funk, Nancy M. “Dillard Executive Named New Chairman at Higbee’s.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 6, 1990.

Funk, Nancy M. “Higbee Company to Chop Jobs in its Security Division.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 2, 1990.

Funk, Nancy M. “Santa, Helpers Move to Tower City for Season.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 3, 1990.

Funk, Nancy M. “Two Former Executives Sue Higbee Company in Dispute over Severance Pay.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 14, 1991.

“Gay Spring Things, A Suburb Exhibition of Women’s Tailored Garments Shown at Halle Bros’ Opening.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 17, 1898.

Gerdel, Thomas W. “American Greetings Shift Costs 450 Jobs.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 26, 1974.

Gerdel, Thomas W. “Dillard Plans Expansion of Higbee Retail Chain.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 27, 1990.

Gerdel, Thomas W. “Higbee Company Blames New Stores for Losses.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 23, 1977.

Gerdel, Thomas W. “New Higbee Store to Open in Westgate.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 2, 1974.

“Getting Ready to Build, Work on E.R. Hull & Dutton’s Immense New Store to Begin May 1st.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 12, 1897.

“Giant Music and Dance Fete to Aid Charities.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 20, 1955.

“Gifts for Men.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 21, 1916.

Gisser, Marv. “Downtown There is a Future.” Clevelander Magazine, January 1971, http://www.clevelandmagazine.com.

Gleason, Eugene F. “Bond Piper Plays $69,599,325 Tune, Big Money Rolls Out at Auction of War Relics.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 2, 1944.

Gleisser, Marcus. “Area Retailers Note Stronger Sales.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 14, 1985.

Gleisser, Marcus. “Australians Purchase Higbee Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 11, 1984.

Gleisser, Marcus. “City, State Start Promotions to Lure Business.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 22, 1984.

Gleisser, Marcus. “Four New Presidents Named at Higbee Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 11, 1984.

Gleisser, Marcus. “Future of Higbee’s Depends Heavily on Foreign Holders.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 2, 1984.

Gleisser, Marcus. “Higbee Company to Improve Downtown, Other Stores.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 7, 1985.

Gleisser, Marcus. “Higbee Debentures are Well Received.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 12, 1984.

Gleisser, Marcus. “Higbee’s Sets Records in Sales and Profits.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 20, 1984.

Gleisser, Marcus. “Higbee’s Weighs Third Akron Store, Firm Confirms Plans for Rolling Acres Outlet.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 12, 1986.

Gleisser, Marcus. “Nation Sees Sun but Ohio Outlook Remains Cloudy.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 29, 1984.

Gleisser, Marcus. “Ninety Percent of Higbee Stock Offered to Group.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 10, 1984.

“Globe Theatre at the Great Lakes Exposition.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 19, 1936.

“Gloria Swanson.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 15, 1952.

Glueck, Robert. “Ware Directs Bailey Growth.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 16, 1964.

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“Going On at Halle’s.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 15, 1961.

“Golden Anniversary for Bailey Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 1, 1949.

“Golden Film to be Made for Taylor’s Jubilee.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 2, 1920.

“Good Clothes By the House of Kuppenheimer.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 21, 1918.

Goodsell, Winifred H. “View Paris Fashions at Style Show.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 22, 1951.

“Goucher Grads to Earn Quota as Hostesses.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 23, 1925.

“Gratifying, Indeed, Crow & Whitmarsh.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 22, 1885.

Green, Tom. “Santa Claus is Alive and Well and Living in Cleveland Downtown.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 9, 1977.

Greenough, Peter B. “Halle Building Plan Climaxed: West Wing to Open All Doors.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 27, 1949.

Greenough, Peter B. “Sterling and Welch to Get New Face.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 23, 1950.

“Ground Breaking Due at Halle’s in Fairview.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 9, 1952.

“Ground Breaking Held at Elyria’s Midway Mall.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 29, 1965.

Gruson, Lindsey. “Morton D. May Dies in St. Louis; Headed Department Store Chain.” The New York Times, April 14, 1983.

“Halle Appoints an Ad Agency.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 4, 1975.

“Halle Denies Merger Rumor.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 21, 1968.

“Halle to Acquire Six-Store Chain in Columbus.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 8, 1980.

“Halle Bros. Previews Second Suburban Store Weds.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 31, 1950.

“Halle’s Adds Budget Clothing Sessions.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 13, 1972.

“Halle’s Bros. Spending $1 Million on Two Stores.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 13, 1965.

“Halle’s Camp Bureau Open April 7th Through April 12th.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 6, 1952.

“Halle’s Expansion of Store on Euclid to Cost Million.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 4, 1955.

“Halle’s Finest Clocks Measure Your Happiest Moments.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 15, 1952.

“Halle’s Forum, Insuring Satisfied Customer.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 24, 1968.

“Halle’s Import Bazaar.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 21, 1958.

“Halle’s is Expanding; ’68 Sales Set Record.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 15, 1969.

“Halle’s Is Opening Remodeled Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 12, 1954.

“Halle’s to Build New Canton Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 19, 1951.

“Halle’s to Display ‘Shah of Persia.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 23, 1950.

“Halle’s to Open Organ Studio.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 1, 1962.

“Halle’s to Open Organ Studio.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 1, 1962.

“Halle’s to Open Store in Heights.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 15, 1947.

“Halle’s Will Hand-blend a Regular Box of Antoine Face Powder.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 22, 1953.

“Halle’s Will Run a Spring Geranium Fair.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 2, 1972.

“Hammocks, Mosquito Canopies.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 23, 1884.

“Hand Painted Summer flowers Sac-de-Perl Handbags.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 17, 1940.

“He Applied His Principles.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 28, 1938.

“Head of Lindner Store Dies at 47.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 21, 1923.

“Headquarters for Mickey Riley Perfect Swim Trunks.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 26, 1936.

“Headquarters for Refrigerators and Ice Chests.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 2, 1867.

“Heights Site of Higbee’s First Branch.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 22, 1959.

Hellmuth, Ann. “U.S. Moves to Break Up Higbee, Burrow Merger.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 23, 1969.

“Helps to Profitable Crockery Selling No. 9.” Glass and Pottery, February 1906.

“Hickok Christmas Gift Shop Presents the Greatest Gift Show on Earth.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 13, 1953.

Hicks, Jonathan P. “Higbee ’82 Sales Up 4.5% after Strong Fourth Quarter.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 28, 1983.

“Higbee A La Carte Luncheon Feature $.45.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 3, 1933.

“Higbee and Halle Stores to be in Heights Center.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 30, 1959.

“Higbee Auto Rentals Readied.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 4, 1967.

“Higbee Bands Give Concert in Square.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 30, 1958.

“Higbee Chief Predicts Employees to Shun Union.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 5, 1988.

“Higbee Choir, Monroe on Monitor Today.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 22, 1956.

“Higbee Dividend.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 28, 1967.

“Higbee Executive Moves to Tower City Center.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 4, 1989.

“Higbee Expects Healthy Profitable Holiday Sales.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 3, 1970.

“Higbee Head Director of Retail Group.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 14, 1959.

“Higbee May Trim Monday Hours Downtown.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 25, 1979.

“Higbee Nine-Month Net is $622,617.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 1, 1961.

“Higbee Plan Confirmed.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 8, 1941.

“Higbee Plans Stock Dividend, Expansion; Top Aide to Retire.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 14, 1966.

“Higbee Plans to Add to Area Stores.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 30, 1964.

“Higbee Realigns Branch Operations Makes Three Executive Appointments.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 3, 1964.

“Higbee Reports Sales, Profits Up.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 21, 1962.

“Higbee Sales Income at All-Time Highs.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 17, 1966.

“Higbee Service Department in Terminal Garage Drive in Today!” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 31, 1932.

“Higbee 71st Anniversary, A Fine New Store with Fine Old Traditions.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 18, 1931.

“Higbee Suit is Upheld.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 21, 1936.

“Higbee Under New Charter.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 20, 1931.

“Higbee Westgate Budget Store Has Official Opening Tomorrow.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 23, 1966.

“Higbee World of Toys.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 8, 1960.

“Higbee’s.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 12, 1964.

“Higbee’s Asks $9.2 Million County Bond.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 15, 1986.

“Higbee’s Cinderella’s Fantasia Breakfast.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 20, 1965.

“Higbee’s Hikes Shares.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 12, 1956.

“Higbee’s is Designed to Meet All Needs of Heights Shoppers.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 4, 1963.

“Higbee’s is the Store with More.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 14, 1955.

“Higbee’s Letter.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 29, 1982.

“Higbee’s Looks Forward to Bright Christmas.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 2, 1969.

“Higbee’s, May’s Seek Tax Cut.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 17, 1984.

“Higbee’s Names New Controller.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 3, 1958.

“Higbee’s Opens Store in New Stark Mall.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 6, 1970.

“Higbee’s Reports increase in Quarterly Profits, Sales.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 25, 1968.

“Higbee’s Seeks Browns Mascot.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 4, 1966.

“Higbee’s Speaker Rates Cleveland as Cultured City.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 2, 1955.

“Higbee’s Tailored Suits for Women at $25 and $39.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 8, 1908.

“Higbee’s The Store With More.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 2, 1962.

“Higbee’s to be First.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 22, 1959.

“Higbee’s to Have 9-Floor Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 3, 1913.

“Higbee’s to Lease North Randall Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 5, 1974.

“Higbee’s to Open New Music Center.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 9, 1951.

“Higbee’s to Open Store in Akron Mall.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 31, 1990.

“Higbee’s Reports Record Sales.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 5, 1978.

“Higbee’s Sears Plan Stores in Elyria Midway Mall.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 9, 1964.

“Higbee’s Sells Its Interest in Hotel to the Browns.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 8. 1980.

“Higbee’s Strawbridge Reports Better Outlook.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 24, 1980.

“Higbee’s Three Winning Cards.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 19, 1977.

“Higbee’s Westgate Is Opening Tomorrow.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 1, 1961.

“Higbee Company Chain Gained New Peaks in Past Year.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 7, 1973.

“Higbee Company Elevates Three; Two Become Vice Presidents.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 20, 1975.

“Higbee Company Hires Wyse Ad Agency.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 14, 1963.

“Higbee Company Passes into New Control.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 30, 1913.

“Higbee Company Plans Store in Mentor.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 14, 1968.

“Higbee Company Reports Record Sales, Profits.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 9, 1974.

“Higbee Company Reports Second Quarter Loss.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 26, 1976.

“Higbee Company Stock is Offered to Public.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 13, 1923.

“Higbee Company Will Sell McNally-Doyle Products.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 1, 1933.

“Higbee Company Wins National Award for Advertising.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 19, 1958.

“Higbee Company Wins Rent Reduction.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 4, 1938.

“Higbee Company’s Profits Soar 19.6%.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 24, 1965.

“Highest Quality Appliances at September-Low Prices.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 11, 1949.

Hill, Miriam. “It Won’t Seem Like Cleveland Anymore.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 17, 1992.

Hinton, Allan. “Pays $22.50 Dividends.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 17, 1947.

Hirschfeld, Mary. “Third Store in May Group Serving Greater Cleveland.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 28, 1960.

“Holiday Dollars Another Good Reason to Have a May Company Charge Account.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 19, 1972.

“Hot Line of Happenings.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 25, 1967.

“Hot Line of Happenings.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 9, 1967.

“Hotel, Store Set Shoppers Rest Break.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 21, 1961.

Hudak, Stephen. “May Company to add 100 Jobs at Credit Card Service Center.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 22, 1995.

“Hull & Dutton Consolidation Sale is a Winner.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 12, 1899.

“Hundreds Set for Model Plane Test.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 11, 1948.

“I Like Higbee’s Because.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 13, 1990.

“If it’s a Question of which machine, Consider these Facts.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 18, 1923.

“Immigrants’ Pioneer Spirit Lives in 50-Years Old May Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 9, 1949.

“Importance Notice, Announcing a New May Company Service Advanced Credit Coupons.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 6, 1939.

“Important Change.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 11, 1880.

“In Business Forty Years.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 4, 1910.

“In 4th Floor Tea Room.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 23, 1918.

“Indian-Higbee Boy’s Dugout Club Formed.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 1, 1964.

Interview with former Higbee Department Store President John S. Lupo.

“Introducing America’s Largest Creation in Fine Translucent China.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 21, 1940.

“Introducing Halle’s Own Continental Collection of the World’s Finest Ties.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 23, 1952.

“Introducing the Magnavision Video Disc System by Magnavox, Enjoy tonight.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 2, 1980.

“Introducing the New and Exclusive Beaux Arts Coats.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 9, 1941.

“Irish Linen Hankies with her Initials.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 28, 1965.

“It All Began in 1899.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 11, 1951.

“It’s All New, Halle’s Picture Framing.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 5, 1976.

“It’s Always May First in Cleveland.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 1, 1934.

“Jam Lindner-Davis to Flee Heat and Revel in Orchids.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 27, 1949.

“James Vadis Elected to High Higbee Posts.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 28, 1984.

Jarboe, Michelle. “Restaurant Club for May Company Site Cadillac Ranch.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 2, 2008.

“Jerry Silverman’s.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 10, 1980.

“Jingeling to Jangle at Higbee’s.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 23, 1982.

“John P. Murphy Is Higbee President.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 15, 1944.

“John P. Murphy President of Higbee’e Denied Rumors of a Merger with Federal Department Stores.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 19, 1959.

“Join One of these Classes in the Citizen’s Christmas Money Club.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 30, 1916.

“Joint Trade Week and Autumn Display.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 1, 1904.

“Judge 700 Dolls in Halle Contest.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 25, 1952.

“July Savers.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 30, 1957.

“July Savers.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 13, 1958.

“Just in Time for the Thanksgiving Holiday, Dinner and Dance Frocks.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 24, 1922.

Kaplan, Stephen N. “Federated’s Acquisition and Bankruptcy: Lessons and Implications.” Washington University Law Review 73, 3, 1994, pp. 1103-1126.

Karle, Delinda. “Higbee’s Plans Store at Mall in Cincinnati.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 24, 1987.

Karle, Delinda. “Retailers are Hopping Here Despite Slow Sales.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 9, 1985.

Karle, Delinda. “Veil of Secrecy Surrounds Bidding for Higbee Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 18, 1987.

Kashar, John. “Akron Battles Heart Decay.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 7, 1965.

“Kashmoor, The Coats You Can Count On.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 26, 1954.

“Kaufmann’s Replacing May Company On Store Signs.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 28, 1993.

Kelly, Grace V. “Art Teachers Today Show Own Prints and Paintings.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 18, 1936.

Kelly, Michael. “Dreaming of a Green Christmas, How Sweet the Sound of Ash Register Bells.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 21, 1977.

Kelly, Michael. “Halle’s Downtown Launches First-Floor Part of Big Renovations.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 25, 1971.

Kelly, Michael. “Higbee President Decides to Bow Out; Replacement Sought.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 28, 1978.

Kelly, Michael. “Higbee’s Losses Big.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 25, 1978.

Kelly, Michael. “Higbee’s to Join New Parmatown Complex.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 21, 1965.

Kelly, Michael. “May Company Ends Charga-Plate Link.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 16, 1966.

Kelly, Michael. “Nau to Take May Company Helm Here.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 18, 1976.

Kelly, Michael. “Randall Mall to be Challenge to Downtown.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 8, 1973.

Kelly, Michael. “Retailers Hopeful of Last-Minute Selling Spree.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 22, 1970.

Kelly, Michael. “Saks Eager to Realize Idea for Store Here Board Chairman Says.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 21, 1976.

“Keep Abreast of Shopping News.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 2, 1956.

Kersey, Nancy Bigler. “Linville Finds Love at M.A.S.H. Bash.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 6, 1983.

Koshar, John Leo. “Yule was a Happy One for Cash Registers Here.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 27, 1979.

“L.A. Bailey’s, Great Department Store – A Model Establishment Successfully Opening of all the Departments Yesterday.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 15, 1895.

“Labor Day Weekend.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 4, 1977.

Lawrence, Charles W. “Ball Representing his Foundation, Transfers Mid America’s Holding.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 27, 1937.

“Lease Here Taken By Bonwit-Teller.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 23, 1947.

“Legal Notice, District Court of U.S. Northern District of Ohio, Eastern Division, No. 36. 119.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 20, 1938.

Lehman Brothers Collection. “Contemporary Business Archives.” Harvard University Business School, library.hbs.edu.

“Lindner-Davis Company to Open in June.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 27, 1948.

“Lindner’s Men’s Buying Bureau Opens Today.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 12, 1935.

“Lindner’s Participate in Living Music Day.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 11, 1933.

“Local Firm Boosted for Gateway Deal.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 23, 1972.

“Look at Our Stock Before Going Elsewhere.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 19, 1897.

“Loop Bus Service To and From The May Company Garage Begins Tuesday, September 4th.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 3, 1945.

“Loss at Federated; Deals for May Company Cited.” The New York Times, May 11, 2006.

“Lower Profit is Reported by Higbee.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 4, 1975.

Lubinger, Bill. “Auto Museum Considering Downtown Sites More Storage, Exhibit Space Needed for Historic Showplaces.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 24, 1999.

Lubinger, Bill. “Downtown May Company Loses Buyer Solon Firm Drops Plans to Rebuild Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 10, 1995.

Lubinger, Bill. “May Company Building Downtown May Be Renovated as a Hotel.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 1, 1998.

“M. Roget is Here Famous Hairstylists from Helena Rubinstein’s New York Salon.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 22, 1950.

“Major Strong Acquires Taylor Store Control.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 22, 1939.

“Making Good Our Slogan Watch Us Grow, Ohio Largest Store Becomes Even Larger.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 19, 1931.

“Marc Jonas to Direct Higbee’s Advertising.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 1, 1957.

Marsh, W. Ward. “Cleveland is Background for Lake’s Comedy.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 7, 1933.

“Marshall Field Opposes Merger Plan.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 13, 1977.

“May Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 9, 1932.

“May Company Bows to Decree.” The New York Times, June 29, 1959.

“May Company Completes Its Bid for Control of Meier and Frank.” The New York Times, April 27, 1965.

“May Company Peggy Angora Beret.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 13, 1949.

“May Company Profits Dip on Record Sales.” The New York Times, April 8, 1969.

“May Company to be Fashion Leader at Euclid Square.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 1, 1977.

“May Company to Erect Magnificent Home, Will Build $3,000,000 Sore Extending from Euclid Avenue to Prospect Avenue S.E.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 23, 1913.

“May Department Buying 125 Stores from Gingiss Group.” The New York Times, December 30, 2003.

“May Department Stores, First Quarter Profits Raised to a $.40 a share from $.36.” The New York Times, June 15, 1957.

“May Department Stores Net Profits $3,788,707 in 1921 Equivalent to $16.82 Per Share.” The New York Times, March 28, 1922.

“May Department Stores Net Slips.” The New York Times, November 18, 1967.

“May Department Stores Stock Earns $24.92 a Share Last Year Against $15.40 in 1918.” The New York Times, April 6, 1920.

“May Department Stores’ Net in Half Year Is Placed at $4,220,000 or $.62 a share.” The New York Times, September 21, 1953.

“May Dillard Likely to Bid on Lazarus.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 26, 1989.

“May Stores Company.” The New York Times, April 27, 1962.

“May Stores Earn $4,402,894 in Year.” The New York Times, April 3, 1940.

“May Stores Files A $25,000,000 Issue.” The New York Times, February 10, 1955.

“May Stores Group Clears $3,301,614.” The New York Times, April 4, 1935.

“May Stores Incorporated, and Kaufmann’s Announce Plans for a Merger.” The New York Times, July 7, 1946.

“May Stores Lift Sales and Profits, Figures for Latest Quarter and Nine Months Surpass Those of ’55 Periods.” The New York Times, December 7, 1956.

“May Stores Sales Increase $20,722,480 Net is $7,680,039 in Record $202,449,639.” The New York Times, May 1, 1946.

“May Stores Sets Earnings Records.” The New York Times, November 17, 1965.

“May Stores Show 19.3% Dip in Profit.” The New York Times, December 4, 1954.

“May Stores Stock Change, New Shares to be traded for old, Two-for-One Basis.” The New York Times, November 24, 1926.

“May Stores Stock Offered at $103.50.” The New York Times, April 10, 1945.

“May Stores to Form Separate Realty Firm.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 16, 1962.

“May Stores to Settle Lawsuits on Debt-Collection Tactics.” The New York Times, November 3, 1998.

“May Stores Up; Macy has Loss.” The New York Times, November 11, 1988.

“May Stores’ Income $6,952,101 Net in 1926.” The New York Times, March 23, 1927.

“May Stores’ Sales Off in Half-Years.” The New York Times, September 26, 1949.

“May Widens Its Holdings, Substantial Minority Interests is Taken in Cleveland Store.” The New York Times, April 4, 1945.

“May’s Interest in Taylor’s Revealed.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 13, 1945.

“May’s New Street Floor Your Passport to Fashion.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 12, 1965.

“May’s Opening April 22, Western Reserve is Store Motif.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 11, 1964.

“May’s Store is Rising in Parmatown.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 27, 1960.

“McWatters Has Resigned, Severs the Connection with the Hull & Dutton Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 9, 1899.

“Meet Miss Joan Murchison Pan American World Airways Stewardess.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 5, 1953.

Melnick, Norman and Martin T. Ranta. “Heights Ends Bar to New Big Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 8, 1958.

Metzler, Paul B. “Halle’s Art Show.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 22, 1961.

“Mid-Season Clearance Taylor’s Store for Men.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 10, 1938.

Miller, William F. “Dali Museum is Postponed, Pollution Cited.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 13, 1976.

Miller, William F. “Five Suburban Higbee Stores Set Pre-Christmas Sunday Opening.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 17, 1971.

“Mme. Yale Sends Two Beauty Demonstrations from Chicago to the May Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 14, 1903.

“Monkey Business for Ginger, Zippy and You.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 17, 1957.

Monnett, J.G. Jr. “Higbee Expansion to Cost Millions.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 25, 1922.

Monnett, James G. Jr. “Navy Quarters Ready Monday.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 30, 1943.

Monnett, James G. Jr. “Navy Will Take Over Old Higbee Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 27, 1942.

Monnett, James G. Jr. “Union Club Asks $298,510 Tax Cut, Former John Hartness Brown and Higbee Building also in Hearing.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 8, 1936.

Monnett, James G. “Woods Approves Higbee Company Plan.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 2, 1941.

“Monogram Pictures, the Hull & Dutton Company Giving Their Customers Wonderful Entertainment.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 6, 1898.

“Morning Specials Notice.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 23, 1909.

“Mothers, A Study of the Rearing and Education of Children.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 14, 1920.

“Mr. M.E. McGillin.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 26, 1899.

“Multiple Pricing.” www.commerce.wa.gove.

“N.L. Dauby Dies; Builder of May Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 18, 1964.

“National Bridge Tourney in Cleveland This Week.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 18, 1928.

“New Advertisement.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 21, 1860.

“New and Exclusive in Cleveland with the May Company Sunset Boulevard Hat Fashions.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 9, 1940.

“New at the May Company Strawberry Shortcake Shop.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 1, 1981.

“New Farnsworth Radio.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 9, 1939.

“New Halle Store is Flexible, Vital.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 24, 1948.

“New Hat Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 4, 1858.

“New Higbee Plan Upholds Woods, Percent Rent Provided with Lower Minimal.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 29, 1940.

“New Higbee Shoe Hospital.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 11, 1933.

“New Issue, Tax Exempt in Ohio and Exempt from Normal Federal Income Tax, 8% Cumulative Preferred Stock.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 6, 1920.

“New Lindner’s to Become General Department Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 30, 1947.

“New Mammoth Carpet Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 17, 1874.

“New Merchandise at Sales Prices.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 7, 1934.

“New Tearoom Reflects Spirit of the late Mrs. Samuel Halle.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 4, 1963.

“NLRB Warns Two Unions.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 2, 1952.

“No Change Seen in Davis Operations After Purchase.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 4, 1947.

“Notice of Co-partnership.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 12, 1850.

“Now a Super New Telephone Service.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 4, 1940.

“Now at the May Company the Romantic New Ballard Pattern in Oneida Community Silverplate.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 2, 1957.

“Now at the new Higbee Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 18, 1931.

“Now Four Great Tire Centers to Serve You.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 22, 1964.

“Now in Full Swing, The Long Awaited Event, the Great Higbee Removal Sales.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 21, 1931.

“Notice to All Men, Women and Children Who Wish to Buy Shoes.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 2, 1943.

“Nutrition Workshops Scheduled.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 20, 1980.

“Obituaries, Max J. Lindner.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 9, 1945.

“Obituaries, Salmon P. Chase.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 14, 1949.

“Obituaries, Sam Rosenberg, Retired May Company Manager.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 26, 1977.

“Offer Typewriting School.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 7, 1933.

“Offshore Mutual Fund Buys Stake in Higbee.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 8, 1980.

Okobeu, Janet. “Tri-C to Open Culinary Center in old May Company Building.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 28, 2009.

O’Malley, Michael. “Clevelanders are Flocking to Euclid Square Mall 24 Houses of Worship are Renting Storefronts for Sunday Services, Weekday Bible Studies.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 7, 2013.

“One Door Closes Another Opens Wide With Welcome as Taylor’s Comes to May’s.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 17, 1961.

“$100-Million Unit Urged for Euclid.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 13, 1968.

“1700 Girl Scouts Will Dress Up Dolls for Service Project.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 29, 1964.

“Opening Monday The Spanish Room Restaurant-Tea Room.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 10, 1929.

“Oriental Bazaars.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 24, 1966.

“Our Annual May Company Sale.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 10, 1908.

“Our Centennial Salute to 1960 Olympics.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 5, 1960.

“Paint Sale.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 3, 1931.

“Paperbacks on Summer Readings Lists for Senior High and College Students.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 5, 1967.

“Parking.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 31, 1933.

“Passing of the Hull & Dutton Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 9, 1899.

“Pay off Checks.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 27, 1933.

Penderson, Terry. “Tips for Buyers Collector’s Art Calls for Caution.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 31, 1972.

“Pepperell Electric Blankets $25.00.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 14, 1951.

“Personalized Christmas Card Shop.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 23, 1954.

“Plain Dealer, Halle’s Honored by Civil War Unit.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 4, 1962.

“Plane Brings Halle’s Goods from Europe.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 24, 1962.

“Planning a Trip?” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 11, 1960.

“Play Santa to a Needy Child.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 30, 1985.

Pledger, Marcia. “Curtain is Raised at Renovated Mall About 30 of Richmond Town Square’s 75 New or Renovated Stores are Opened.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 5, 1998.

“Porter Heaps in a Seminar for Organists.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 28, 1952.

Porter, Philip W. “A Look at Erieview and Shopping Habits.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 16, 1962.

“Pre-Christmas Savings Event.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 26, 1970.

“Preferred is Retired.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 23, 1955.

“Preferred Issues Lead in Activity.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 15, 1929.

“Prelude to the Fourth War Loan, Tribute to the Unconquerables, Norway Day.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 14, 1944.

“Premier of Bride’s Week at Halle’s.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 1, 1950.

“Premier Showing of the New White Automatic.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 20, 1955.

“Prepare Supplies for War Hospital.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 8, 1914.

“Presenting the Provincial Stromberg Carlson’s Newest 1950.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 19, 1950.

Princiotto, Ted. “Higbee’s marks 100 Cheerful Years.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 4, 1960.

“Production Sales Beginning Today.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 10, 1932.

“Profit Dip Shown by Allied Stores.” The New York Times, December 4, 1956.

“Profits at Peak For May Stores, Earnings Rise to $5,094,000.” The New York Times, May 19, 1964.

“Profits Decline for May Stores, But Volume for Fiscal 1966 Reaches Record Level.” The New York Times, April 7, 1967.

“Public Square Announcement to Halle Customers.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 19, 1977.

Pullen, Glenn C. “Store Wanted for Café.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 5, 1934.

“Quiz’ em A News Question Answer Game.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 24, 1944.

“Radio Fashion Talk.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 5, 1928.

“Radio Programs for Today.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 9, 1924.

“Randall Park Mall Opens Doors Today.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 11, 1976.

Reckert, Clare M. “Continental Can Adds to Dividends.” The New York Times, April 24, 1963.

Reckert, Clare M. “Department Store Chains Show Sharp Profit Rise.” The New York Times, November 17, 1977.

Reckert, Clare M. “May Stores Registers Record Earnings and Volume.” The New York Times, August 23, 1974.

Reckert, Clare M. “Penny Net Down; Federated and May Show Profit Gains.” The New York Times, August 20, 1975.

Reckert, Clare M. “Some Retail-Chain Profits Dip.” The New York Times, November 21, 1969.

Reckert, Clare M. “Three Retail Chains Increase Profits Sharply; Other Companies Report Earnings.” The New York Times, November 16, 1972.

Reckert, Clare M. “Three Store Chains Show Profit Drops.” The New York Times, November 20, 1974.

“Recognition Day Comes for Vets Back at Halle’s.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 2, 1946.

“Record Volume of 94 Year History, Reported by Higbee.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 28, 1954.

“Regional Stabilization Board to Organize September 24th.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 7, 1951.

“Register Now for Halle’s Ski Week-end and Trophy Race.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 19, 1964.

Relihan, Cecil.“The Home Front, What’s New for Your Man’s Castle?” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 25, 1961.

“Remains Cleveland-Owned.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 29, 1937.

“Removal, Reopening Kleinschmidt & Ambrosius.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 9, 1869.

“Rent a Piano.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 15, 1951.

Rider, Adin C. “Bailey to Expand East Side Store, Adjoining Property.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 9, 1945.

Rider, Aiden C. “Halle to Expand Operations Here.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 10, 1955.

Rider, Adin C. “Ohio Crankshaft Building is Purchased by Higbee’s.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 5, 1961.

Rider, Adin C. “Old Higbee Building Sold.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 3, 1946.

Rider, Adin C. “Severance Center to Have Bazaar Air.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 25, 1962.

Robertson, Helen. “Cake Baking Contest Follows Decoration Day Home Holiday.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 30, 1951.

Robertson, Ross M. History of the American Economy. New York: Hartcourt Brace Janovich, Inc., 1973.

Rockwell, Guy T. “Allied Annual Report Shows 67.7% of Sterling Stock.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 7, 1949.

Rockwell, Guy T. “Borrowers Pay Loans Rapidly.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 31, 1944.

Rockwell, Guy T. “Earnings of Higbee Company Up Sharply Past Year.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 3, 1943.

Rockwell, Guy T. “Experts C. & O. ’51 Profit Will Equal $4.45 a Share.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 20, 1951.

Rockwell, Guy T. “Halle Sales Set New High, but Earnings Gain is Slight.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 13, 1945.

Rockwell, Guy T. “Halle’s ’41 Unit Sales Were Best in History.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 10, 1942.

Rockwell, Guy T. “Higbee’s Annual Sales Hit $41,997,301 All-Time Peak.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 27, 1949.

Rockwell, Guy T. “Higbee’s Company Declares $1.25.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 25, 1943.

Rockwell, Guy T. “Higbee Company Votes Dividends.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 21, 1946.

Rockwell, Guy T. “Higbee’s Earns $1,922,505 for Year Despite Area Strikes.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 26, 1950.

Rockwell, Guy T. “Higbee Earns $6.22 Share Past Year.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 26, 1946.

Rockwell, Guy T. “Higbee $44,335,533 Sales Are Largest in 92 Years.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 2, 1952.

Rockwell, Guy T. “Higbee Sales Rise Third Year to Peak at $46,070,632.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 26, 1953.

Rockwell, Guy T. “Higbee to Pay 75 Cents.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 17, 1943.

Rockwell, Guy T. “Higbee Would Split Shares, Exercise Option on Building.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 29, 1945.

Rose, William Ganson. Cleveland: The Making of a City. Kent: Kent State University Press, 1950.

“Royal Typewriting Co. Offers Typing Classes.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 28, 1953.

Rozhon, Tracie. “May Stores Acquiring Marshall Field’s.” The New York Times, June 10, 2004.

“Rules for Higbee Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 16, 1936.

“Running Out of Hobbies?” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 7, 1966.

“Russeks Sales Up 21.9% in 12 Months, Increased Showings Made also by May Department Stores and Outlet Company.” The New York Times, April 6, 1937.

Russell, Mark. “Competition Expected to Grow Under New Higbee’s Ownership.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 1, 1988.

Russell, Mark. “Dillard’s Own Way of Selling.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 10, 1988.

Russell, Mark. “Expansion was part of Horne’s Deal.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 3, 1988.

Russell, Mark. “Forty-Eight Fired by New Higbee Owner.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 2, 1988.

Russell, Mark. “Higbee’s Basement Showcase.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 3, 1988.

Russell, Mark. “Higbee’s Eliminates about Ninety Positions.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 28, 1989.

Russell, Mark. “Higbee’s Sues Prior Owner, Accountants.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 13, 1989.

Russell, Mark. “May Department Stores Called Possible Suitor for Higbee Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 7, 1987.

Russell, Mark. “Retired Head of Higbee’s Plans to Keep Busy with Civic Activities.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 7, 1989.

Russell, Mark and Bill Slout. “Judge Backs Higbee’s on Ending Lease.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 26, 1988.

Sabath, Donald. “Halle’s Sold but Its Name Remains.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 18, 1981.

Sabath, Donald. “Higbee Reports Record Earnings.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 11, 1983.

Sabath, Donald, John Fuller and Mary Strassmeyer. “Rumors Say Halle’s to Close All Five Stores.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 2, 1982.

“Sale of Halle’s is Now Complete.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 8, 1981.

“Sale Ripple Edge Nylon Curtains.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 7, 1951.

“Sale Robanne Watches for all the Family.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 11, 1965.

“Sales at May Company Surge.” The New York Times, January 25, 1968.

“Sales, Earnings Down for Halle’s; Capital Added.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 21, 1961.

“Sales Gain at Higbee’s Profits Dip.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 30, 1963.

“Sales of Higbee Company Climb to New Highs.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 23, 1957.

“Sales, Profit Up at Allied Stores.” The New York Times, September 10, 1955.

“Samuel H. Halle Rites Tomorrow Memorial Service to Be Held in Store’s Lounge.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 12, 1954.

“Santa at Bailey’s, Store is Ready for Yule Shopping.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 29, 1964.

“Santa Drops In to Start Season.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 19, 1935.

“Santagrams to Go to a Half Million.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 18, 1963.

“Savage Promoted by Higbee Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 19, 1973.

“Scandinavian Fortnight.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 1, 1972.

Schmitt, Eric. “May Stores Seeks Associated Chain.” The New York Times, June 23, 1986.

“Scholastic Art Winners Here receive Citations.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 12, 1957.

“Schuder’s Daily Luncheon for $.30.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 31, 1922.

“Scoop First in Cleveland Big Picture TV at a small price Admiral TV Combination.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 7, 1948.

“Secured the Sum.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 23, 1892.

“See Prize-Winning Rooms of Halle’s Model Teen Room Contest.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 5, 1953.

“See the Superhero at the May Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 9, 1979.

Segal, Eugene. “Higbee’s to Open Westgate Branch.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 15, 1960.

Segal, Eugene. “Trial set for Lindner Land Suit.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 8, 1963.

Seifullah, Alan A.A. “Higbee’s Began in 1860.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 1, 1987.

“Serve Up Delicious Summer Meals Easily with Specialties from Halle’s.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 28, 1962.

“Service, The New Higbee Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 6, 1931.

“Servicing Lake County, Higbee’s is Community Center.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 12, 1969.

“Seven Higbee-Owned Shoe Stores are Sold to Sel-Joy Shoes.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 18, 1983.

“Severance Movie Month.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 11, 1991.

“Sewing Studio.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 8, 1931.

Shapiro, Eben. “Two Retailers See End to Chapter 11.” The New York Times, January 11, 1992.

“She Works in Cleveland.” Charm Magazine, February 1955.

“Sheffield Center Opening Today.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 1, 1954.

“Shiverick, Rites to be Tomorrow.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 2, 1937.

“Shocking Death Mr. J.G. Hower, the Merchant, Instantly Killed.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 11, 1897.

“Shop Idea New with Higbee’s.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 4, 1967.

“Shop May’s Today, May’s New Parkade Opens Today.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 23, 1964.

“Simmons, Self-Adjusting Spring $49.50.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 3, 1950.

“Simplex Ironer, the Best Ironer.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 28, 1920.

“Six Higbee Stores Set Sunday Sales.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 2, 1973.

“$6 Million Westgate Plans Set by Higbee.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 7, 1961.

“Six Stores Adopt Charga-Plates.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 9, 1945.

“Slaughter Sale.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 10, 1891.

Slimak, Paula. “Hair Stylist’s Color Technique Based on Natural Overtones.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 18, 1972.

Sloane, Leonard. “May Stores’ Meeting Dominated by Wrangling Over Accountants.” The New York Times, June 9, 1967.

“Snow Suits, $7.95.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 13, 1933.

“Society Brand Clothes.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 30, 1921.

“Sohio Gets Women’s Federal Site at Last.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 4, 1982.

“Southland’s Halle Store Opens February 5, Newest and Largest of Four Branches.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 25, 1957.

“Spirit of Holiday Gets Early Start, Parties Around the Clock Keep City Bustling.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 23, 1952.

“Sportsmen, the Event of the Year.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 21, 1948.

“Spring Fabric Carnival.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 13, 1938.

“Steel Exhibition to Open Monday at Higbee Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 5, 1960.

Stephan, Robert S. “WHK to Build New Studios on Higbee Roof in Terminal.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 8, 1931.

“Sterling and Company Are Offering the Largest and Most Varied Assortment of Choice Fall Styles.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 10, 1883.

“Sterling and Welch Is Sold to Allied.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 12, 1949.

“Sterling and Welch N.L.R.B. Vote.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 13, 1946.

“Sterling and Welch President is Dead.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 23, 1920.

“Sterling Lindner Davis Combines Divisions.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 30, 1958.

“Sterling Lindner Davis Gets Award in Sales Contest.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 1, 1955.

“Sterling Lindner Davis to Expand Parking Spaces.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 12, 1956.

Stock, Robert. “Stores Hopeful but Concerned.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 11, 1971.

“Store Link Up Unites 200 Years’ Service.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 1, 1969.

“Store Merger Set By May and Hecht.” The New York Times, October 15, 1958.

“Stores to Spur March of Dimes.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 24, 1943.

Strassmeyer, Mary. “Fifty-Year Stretch at Higbee’s.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 5, 1960.

Strassmeyer, Mary. “Mary, Mary.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 31, 1983.

Strassmeyer, Mary. “Mary, Mary.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 14, 1983.

Strassmeyer, Mary. “Mary, Mary.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 23, 1990.

Strawbridge, Herbert. Remembering Higbee’s Reminiscences. Cleveland: Western Reserve Historical Society, 2004.

“Streamliner Slack sets Tailored by Mayfair $4.50 a Set.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 19, 1941.

“Style Trek, Pieces of History.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 20, 1991.

“Suburbia.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 7, 1969.

Talbott, Stephen. “Sohio to Lease Space from Higbee Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 3, 1981.

“Talking Mule Gets Kick from Chatter of Young Friends.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 26, 1953.

Tamilia, Robert D. The Wonderful World of the Department Store in Historical Perspective: A Comprehensive International Bibliography Partially Annotated. Faculty.quinnipiac.edu/charm/depart.store.pdf.

“Tax Returns Show Millions Increase.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 28, 1911.

“Taylor Expansion Sale.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 14, 1929.

“Taylor’s Abound for Treasure.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 8, 1960.

“Taylor’s Closes After Ninety Years.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 17, 1961.

“Taylor’s is the Only Cleveland Department Store that Sells the Famous Martin Motor.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 23, 1948.

“Taylor’s Opens Wide the Doors to Christmas Time.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 23, 1941.

“Taylor’s Set for Extensive Remodeling.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 21, 1960.

“Taylor’s Starts Work to Air-Condition Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 13, 1955.

“Taylor’s Store is Dream Realized.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 29, 1934.

“Taylor’s Store is Thrown Open.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 20, 1907.

“Taylor’s, The French Room.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 12, 1947.

“Telephone Shopping Service Makes a Move.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 25, 1946.

“Tent Sale Starts Today.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 8, 1962.

“The Bailey Department Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 21, 1899.

“The Biggest Yet, E.R. Hull & Company Buy Out Cleveland Clothing Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 2, 1886.

“The Catholic Universe.” September 4, 1914.

The Cleveland Republican, November 9, 1819.

The Cleveland Republican, December 8, 1818.

The Cleveland Herald, July 17, 1846.

The Cleveland Herald, January 2, 1840.

“The Halle Bros Co.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 7, 1957.

“The Halle Bros. Co, Babies Are Sure of a Great Start.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 10, 1935.

“The Higbee Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 18, 1924.

“The Higbee Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 17, 1943.

“The Higbee Company is Formed.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 20, 1902.

“The Higbee Company Requires Former Employees Wishing to Help in Special Sales to Call Between 9:00 and 11:00 a.m.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 23, 1930.

“The Higbee Company 63rd Anniversary Sale.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 30, 1923.

“The Higbee Company, We Return in Savings Checks 2% of Your Purchase.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 27, 1915.

“The Homefurnishing Institute Sponsored by the May Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 9, 1930.

“The Kids’ Race Around.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 28, 1981.

“The Klein Lampe Homesite Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 17, 1929.

“The Lid’s Off.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 21, 1917.

“The Linder Coy, Style Show Week.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 10, 1911.

“The May Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 13, 1899.

“The May Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 2, 1907.

“The May Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 7, 1907.

“The May Company Announces the Opening of the New Home Planning Studio.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 4, 1940.

“The May Company Beauty Special in our Aladdin Shop.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 19, 1940.

“The May Company Fabric Department Presents Arthur Murray Dancers in a Musical Fashion Show.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 7, 1951.

“The May Company Fashion Revue Apparel.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 20, 1935.

“The May Company Has a Credit Plan to Meet your Every Budget Need.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 25, 1959.

“The May Company Inaugural Day Celebration Today March 4th.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 4, 1933.

“The May Company is on McCall Street.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 2, 1920.

“The May Company May Sale.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 15, 1910.

“The May Company Midwest Preview of the brand New Lady Ronson Electric Shaver.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 2, 1956.

“The May Company Pat Hartley’s Heart Beat a Junior’s Delight.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 5, 1950.

“The May Company Proudly Presents the most Versatile, Usable Sectional Furniture to date Mengel Module.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 25, 1947.

“The May Company Tire Sale.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 10, 1957.

“The May Company, This is Women at War Week.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 23, 1942.

“The May Company’s Bulletin.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 12, 1922.

“The May Company’s Daily Shopping Bulletin.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 11, 1920.

“The May Company’s Newly Enlarged Modernized Record Department.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 25, 1945.

“The May Company’s Patrons Garage Opens Tomorrow.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 21, 1925.

“The Men’s Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 24, 1917.

“The New Bailey’s Cleveland First Union Department Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 27, 1959.

The Ohio Architect and Builder 14, 1909, pp. 56.

“The Sterling and Welch Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 6, 1909.

“The World of Wedgewood.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 3, 1976.

“They Know Me at Taylor’s.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 10, 1926.

“Things Worth Knowing, The May Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 4, 1915.

“Third Annual August Sale of Furniture.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 7, 1904.

“This is Beauty Serenade Week at May Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 27, 1949.

Thoma, Pauline. “Blue Law problems Taper Off.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 11, 1970.

“Thousands Marvel Lindner Company’s New Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 14, 1915.

“Three Big Shopping Center Costing $18,200,000 to Open.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 6, 1954.

“Three New Issues on Market Today.” The New York Times, March 1, 1955.

“Throngs of People Flock to E.H. Hull & Dutton’s To Determine Estimates.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 20, 1896.

Time Magazine, June 6, 1927.

“To the New Higbee Store on Public Square Open Today.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 8, 1931.

“Today at Taylor’s Store-Wide Semi-Annual Remnant Day.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 22, 1927.

“Today Only, Willie Vocalite.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 14, 1931.

“Tomorrow at Bailey’s, Begins a Week of Celebration Sales.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 10, 1909.

“Tomorrow August 14 Will be Jubilee Day at the Great Lakes Exposition.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 13, 1937.

“Tomorrow, The Sterling and Welch Company Announce the Economy Basement Opens Saturday.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 27, 1929.

“Tomorrow’s the Last Day.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 8, 1899.

“Tonight is Family Night at Higbee’s.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 29, 1958.

“Too Little, Too Late Halle Rates War on Decay.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 12, 1967.

“Travel News and Comment.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 31, 1949.

“Tree Grows in Store.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 13, 1932.

“T.S. Martin Sold to May Company.” The New York Times, January 1, 1949.

“Twice-a-Year Sale.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 19, 1942.

“Two Activities Set By West Side Group.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 18, 1960.

“Two Bailey Stores to be Opened Sundays.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 15, 1962.

“UA Display to Focus on Agency Services.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 21, 1969.

“U.S. Defense Stamps Are on Sale at the May Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 12, 1942.

“Up and Down the Aisles.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 15, 1962.

“Update.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 30, 1978.

“Update on Business, Cleveland, Dillard Earnings Soar.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 7, 1989.

“Update on Business, Cleveland, Higbee Plans.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 29, 1989.

“Update on Business, Cleveland, Higbee Plans.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 8, 1989.

“Use Your Higbee’s Charge.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 1, 1987.

“Van’s Group Here Among Largest Deals in Realty.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 4, 1931.

“Vanta Baby Week.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 5, 1947.

“Very Important Store News from Taylor’s.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 1, 1902.

“W.B. Davis Rites Will Be Private.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer,” August 15, 1941.

Wadovick, J.A. “Higbee to Open Hall Thursday.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 4, 1953.

“Wallpaper Demonstration.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 10, 1955.

“Walsh Is Names by May Stores.” The New York Times, April 18, 1967.

“Walter M. Halle, 66, Dies.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 11, 1972.

Washington, Roxanne. “Handbag Artistry.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 15, 1990.

“Week of Payer of YMCA.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 12, 1892.

“We Will Cash Checks.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 20, 1933.

“Welfare Levy Considered a Must, $1,250,000 for Election Board Building.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 27, 1957.

“Westgate Halle’s Is Careful After Girl Scout Fete.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 12, 1955.

“What’s Happening at the May Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 26, 1979.

“What’s Happening at the May Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 23, 1979.

“When We Cut We Cut.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 26, 1907.

“Why Buy Stocks? The May Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 16, 1954.

“Why Isn’t Johnny Ready for School Now, His Mother Doesn’t Have May’s Charge Card Yet.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 25, 1968.

“Widen Basement Lines, Higbee Company Departments to be Expanded Monday.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 23, 1935.

Wiernik, Julie. “Broadbent is President of Higbee Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 1, 1978.

Wiggins, Phillip H. “Federated Stores’ Net Up 53.6% May, Allied, Dayton Also Gain.” The New York Times, May 21, 1981.

“Will Get Styles from Paris Daily.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 6, 1913.

“William Taylor Son & Company.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 31, 1961.

“Wins Merit Award.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 28, 1956.

“With the Speakers.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 23, 1944.

“Women’s Group, Cleveland Dental Society.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 14, 1954.

Wood, James M. Halle’s Memoirs of a Family Department Store. Cleveland: Germaine Press, 1987.

Yeager, Lyn Allison. “Chapin’s General Store.” Illinois Commentary, 1972, pp. 1-4.

“Yes, Bailey’s Greater March Sales Begin Monday Morning.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 3, 1929.

“You Can Buy The Famous Frigidaire.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 8, 1934.

“You Can Win a Big New ’52 Ford.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 1, 1952.

“You Will Stop Smoking on October 22nd, Calmly and Comfortably.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 4, 1975.

“You’ll Enjoy Reading News of the Week in Cleveland 100 Years Ago.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 16, 1960.

You’re Invited to Meet Ernestine Gilbreth Cary.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 29, 1950.