“’83 Fords include some for Lorain,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 26, 1982.

“12,000 Firms Supply Parts and Assemblies to Chrysler,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 17, 1956.

“1959 Dodges! Nobody But Nobody Can Sell Them for Less Than Ed Goldie,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 7, 1958.

“4 Days Only Used Car Liquidation.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 23, 1991.

“527 New-Car Dealerships Failed in 1975,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 9, 1976.

“5-5-5 Plan,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer April/23, 1961.

“672 U.S. car dealers quit business in ’79,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 25, 1980.

“9 million cars recalled in 1983,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 1, 1984.

“A Packard,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 17, 1915.

“A Policy That is Your Guarantee,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 16, 1922.

“A Statement of Oldsmobile-Viking Policy for 1930,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 12, 1930.

“A Statement of Used Car Policy From Qua Buick Inc.,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 27, 1966.

“A Wonderful Combination,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 5, 1904.

“A.D. Pelunis Olds Famous Warranty Cars,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 12, 1958.

“About 900 GM Dealers Might Be Given a Reprieve,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 9, 2010.

“Above all, they’re Buicks!” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 16, 1963

Akre, Brian S., “Saturn Falls from the Top Spot in Dealer Satisfaction, Study Says,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 8, 1999.

Albrecht, Brian, “Triumphs and Tragedies Laid Equal Claim to Spotlight,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 31, 2009.

“All About Oldsmobile’s New Rocket Engine,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 27, 1949.

“All Cars Reduced,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 8, 1969.

“America’s Biggest Auto and Truck Sale, Only at Spitzer Right Now!” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 30, 1980.

“Are You Driving Blindfolded?” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 14, 1926.

“At Last Packard Production Has Made It Possible For Us To Have a Reserve Stock in Cleveland for Immediate Delivery,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 16, 1919.

“Attention GM Owners! Cadillac by DeLorean,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 21, 1985.

“Auto dealers appeal for government help,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 8, 1980.

Auto Editors of Consumer Guide, Automobiles of the ‘50s, (Lincolnwood, IL: Publications International LTD, 1993), 53, 46-48, 64)

“Auto Industry is Spinning its Wheels,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 30, 1980.

“Automakers Shifting Gears, Touting ‘Pre-Owned’ Cars,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 5, 1995.

“Automakers Turning to Guarantees, Other Perks to Sell Used Cars,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 3, 1997.

“Automakers’ Credit Cards Can Help Take Bite Out Of Car Buying,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 10, 1996.

Auto Nation Advertisement, The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 26, 2019.

“B.W. Blaushild,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 3, 1966.

“Bargains, The Winton Motor Car Company,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 4, 1913.

“Bashaw Bargains,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 28, 1930.

“Bass Chevrolet Motors, Inc.,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 24, 1947.

“Bass Chevrolet,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 15, 1961.

“Be Your Own Boss: 7 Tips for Starting Your Own Car Dealership,” http://www.jobs.net.

Berman, Brad, “History of Hybrid Vehicles,” https://www.hybridcars.com.

“Better Than Close-Out Savings On All Remaining 1969’s” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 7, 1969.

“Black auto dealers post gains,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 9, 1976.

“Blaushild’s Opening Set,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 27, 1947.

“Branches the Best? Sales Manager Shanks of the Winton Co. Says They are Preferable,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 22, 1908.

“Bravada meets consumer demand,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 12, 1990.

Brown, Warren, “Car, Truck sales are expected to remain strong in U.S. throughout all of the year,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 17, 1986.

“Bud Brady Cuts Ford’s Rate to the Bone!” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 2, 1985.

Budget Billing Southland AMC/JEEP,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 15, 1979.

“Buy-Now Birthday Party Our Celebration of Hudson’s 40th Anniversary Year,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 31, 1949.

“C. Miller Used Car Super Sale,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 13, 1973.

Cain, Charles C., “Ranks of Car Dealers Shrink,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 6, 1966.

“Car Dealer Suing Ford Awarded $5.6.Million,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 27, 1972.

Car Life The Best Car Buy in the U.S.A.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 7, 1959.

“CarMax Press Release,” www.investors.com.

“Central Cadillac, A Ganley Automotive Group Dealership, History of Central Cadillac,” http://www.centralcadillac.com.

“Central Cadillac,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 16, 1970.

“CEO of Online Auto Retailer Carvana Talks Texas Expansion,” www.bizjournals.com.

“Chandler,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 7. 1920.

Chandler, Alfred D. Great Enterprise: Ford, General Motors and the Automobile Industry, Sources and Readings. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Janovich Inc., 1964.

“Chandler Has Slogan, Company Adopts Watchword of Success,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 16, 1914.

“Chandler Price Is Cut to $1,595, Big Price Reduction Announced on Local Built Six for 1915,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 14, 1914.

“Chevrolet Out to ‘Bring Them Back’” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 7, 1947.

“Chevrolet Sets Industry Records for First Half,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 25, 1965.

“Chrysler,” Fortune Magazine, 1935, http://fortune.com.

“Chrysler Cash Backs Dealers, Colbert Announces Plan to Attract Young Men,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 4, 1954.

Chrysler Corporation Loan Guarantee Act of 1979, Pub L. 96-185, 93 Stat. 1324.

“Chrysler Dealers Expect More Changes,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 17, 1992.

“Chrysler gives minivan maxi-styling treatment,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 23, 1988.

“Chrysler Heads Cut Pay to $1 a Year, But May Recoup It,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 31, 1979.

“Chrysler reports $536 million deficit in the second quarter,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 1, 1980.

“Chrysler Revises Dealer Franchise,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 28, 1957.

“Chrysler Service School a Success,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 28, 1948.

“Chrysler Sets Up Seminars,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 10, 1962.

“Chrysler Town and Country,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 7, 1949.

Chrysler, Walter P. with Boyden Sparkes, Life of an American Workman. New York: Curtis Publishing Co., 1938.

“Coffee, Tea or Milk? Airline Hostess? No, she’s a David Blaushild Chevyette,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 4, 1963.

Colias, Mark “The Relationship between the People and Their Cars is Changing, and Sports-Utility Vehicles are Winning,” August 25, 2018, https://www.wsj.com.

“Combining the new with the Olds,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 28, 1982.

Cooper, Mary H., “Have U.S. Automakers Turned the Corner on Quality?” CQ Researcher, In-depth Reports on Today’s Issues, http://library.cqpress.com

“Cost Cutting Drives Chrysler to Trim 3,000 Jobs,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 16, 1991.

Crenshaw, Albert B., “Car Warranties Protect Against High Repair Costs,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 24, 1989.

“Crestmont Double Shipment Story,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 29, 1978.

“Crestmont Pick A Car-Pick A Payment Sale,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 5, 1987.

“Crestmont Two Million Dollar Used Car Inventory Reduction Sale!” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 9, 1987.

“Cross Roads Test Market,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 2, 1985.

“DaimlerChrysler Phasing out Plymouth Brand,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 3, 1999.

“Day in Court Act fought factory coercion,” https://www.autonews.com.

“De Soto Launches First ‘Quality Dealer Program,’” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 11, 1955.

“De Soto Production is UP! De Soto Prices are DOWN!” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 27. 1953.

“De Soto, winner of the Grand Prix,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 13, 1935.

“Dealers Win GM Retreat on Retailing,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 2, 1999.

“Dealers’ need to sell big cars quickly creates big bargains,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 13, 1979.

Deep, Said, “Automakers Hope Logo Loyalty Will Sell Vehicles,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 19, 1997.

“Diary,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 3, 1997.

“Diary,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 15, 1995.

“Diary,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 16, 1995.

“Dodge Brothers Motor Cars Short Talks To New Car Buyers,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 18, 1922.

“Dodge Out-The-Door Price Sale,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 28, 1961.

“Don’t fail to Drive a Chrysler during Lean-the-Difference Month,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 19, 1929.

“Don’t Rob that Bank,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 9, 1941.

Dowd-Feder Specials,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 3, 1949.

“Dowd Honored on Dealer Council,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 25, 1951.

Draughon, Roland, “Black on GM Board is Crusader,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 26, 1972.

“Drive A De Soto Before Your Decide!” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 29, 1956.

Drivers Privacy Protection Act of 1994, Pub L. 103-322, 108 Stat. 2099.

“Ed Stinn Chevrolet,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 12, 1979.

Edelson, Julie, “Computerizing Mr. Goodwrench Automakers, Repair Industry Battle Over New Technology,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 14, 1993.

“Famous Apperson,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 3, 1910.

“Fewer dealers handling U.S. cars,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 16, 1981.

“Ford ‘300 Club’ Idea, Born Here, Accepted Nationally,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 14, 1947.

“Ford Announces Price of Optional Seat Belts,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 17, 1955.

“Ford balks at recalling 431,000 cars for repairs,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 28, 1983.

“Ford Dealers Are Testing Youths’ “PPK” Ability,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 4, 1964.

“Ford dealers give workers a say,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 5, 1983.

Ford, Henry with Samual Crowther. My Life and Work. New York: Doubleday, Doran and Co., 1923.

“Ford is Kicking Its Heels Over Success of Mustang,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 7, 1964.

“Ford Makes History Joins AMA,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 16, 1956.

“Ford Motor Co. Sued by 200 N.J. Dealers,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 3, 1969.

“Ford Motor Company Announces A New Standard in Automotive Warranties for all its 1967 Cars and Light Trucks,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 4, 1966.

“Ford Owners Save Money Nearly 50% Saved,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 6, 1935.

“Ford Recalls 41,000 Cars,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 27, 1968.

“Ford Recalls 900,000 Cars,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 22, 1972.

“Ford Sells Cars on Easier Terms,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 5, 1936.

“Ford’s 1980 Scheduled Maintenance Costs Are To Decline Sharply,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 8, 1980.

“Fred Stecker Says Now is the Time to Buy!” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 6, 1986.

“From This Moment On… It’s Olds For ’67!” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 29, 1966.

“G. M. Will Build Center in Parma,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 14, 1953. Galliger, Jason,

“Throwback Thursday: The History of Automotive Leasing,” http://lab.tier10.com.

“Ganley leasing has rapid growth,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 30, 1982.

“Genuine Bargains in Rebuilt Automobiles Buy Today Prices Ares Steadily Increasing,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 16, 1918.

Gerdel, Thomas, “Auto Dealers Face a Range of Challenges,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 23, 1997.

Gerdel, Thomas, “Dealer puts his hopes in foreign cars,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 25, 1985.

Gerdel, Thomas, “Parts business is kept afloat amid sinking new-car sale,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 20, 1980.

Gerdel, Thomas, “TV Turn-on for Industry,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 25, 1979.

“Get a Rebuilt Motor Now!” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 11, 1943.

“Give It A Go! Win a VSO, The Good Olds Men of Greater Cleveland,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 24, 1975.

“Glavic 40th Anniversary Sale,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 21, 1988.

“Glavic Dodge,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 23, 1984.

“GM and Chrysler Corp. have increased prices!” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 10, 1985.

“GM Earnings Increase 54% on Record Car, Truck Sales,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 20, 1988.

“GM has Eliminated 13 Dealerships,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 2, 2010.

“GM offers checkup to tempt customers,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 26, 1974.

“GM Opens Virtual Showroom on the Web,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 21, 1999.

“GM Plans Push to Sell Parts,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 17, 1976.

“GM Wants Its Dealers to Stop Swelling Rival Brands in One Location,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 10, 1995.

“GM’s Gamble: Will Buyer Think Small?” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 26, 1976.

Goforth, Kent, “Lease cars Good Buys? Could Be,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 30, 1975.

“Going Where The Deals Are Automakers Try To Instill Loyalty, Longevity In Sales Staffs,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 15, 1991.

“Government Breaks asked by Big Three Auto Makers,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 16, 1981.

“Graham Ford Offers Bridal Fair,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 14, 1969

“Greater Cleveland Automobile Dealership Association,” https://gcada.org.

“Hal Artz Continues Warranty On 1973 Models,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 29, 1972.

“Hal Artz Opens New Lincoln-Mercury Agency,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 16, 1969.

“Hal Artz opens Pontiac Dealership,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 3, 1974.

“Heading five miles high on engines that Studebaker craftsmen built,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 11, 1943.

“Headlights,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 22, 1959.

“Hello! I got my car at Hal Artz,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 8, 1982.

Henahan, John, “Complaints Start Action,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 24, 1972.

Henahan, John, “Auto Leasing is Skyrocketing Field,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 7, 1976.

Henahan, John, “Car Dealers Here Expect Gains in Leasing,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 15, 1972.

Henahan, John, “Complaints Start Action,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 24, 1972.

Henahan, John, “Convertibles Fading Fast,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 30, 1975.

Henahan, John, “Trend tilts toward station wagons,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 20, 1976.

“Hi, Neighbor! Come in and meet your new De Soto Dealer,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 24, 1958.

“Higher Prime Puts Car Dealers in Bind, Makes Rebates Iffy,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 11, 1980.

“History of Carfax,”www.autohowstuffworks.com.

“History of Leasing: in the Automotive Field,” http://www.zcarlease.com.

“History Repeats Itself, Again Chrysler Revolutionizes the Motor Car,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 18, 1934.

Henahan, John, “Convertibles Fading Fast,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 30, 1975.

Henahan, John, “Service Wins New Friends for Ford,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 18, 1973

Henahan, John, “Trend tilts toward station wagons,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 20, 1976.

“Hi, Neighbor! Come in and meet your new De Soto Dealer,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 24, 1958.

Holusha, John, “Automakers increase aim of sales pitch to women buyers,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 30, 1985.

Holusha, John, “New Chevy-Toyota Nova Aimed at Women, 34, with Degree,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 10, 1985.

“How Does a Car Dealership Work?” https://www.quora.com.

Hyde, Justin, “Ford Plans Dealer Grades to help Improve Service,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 23, 2000.

“In Brief,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 5, 1981.

Incantalupo, Tom, “More Buyers Looking to Web for help with Car Shopping,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 16, 1999.

“Independent Study Upholds Dealer Franchise Concept,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 3, 2016.

Irvin, Robert W., “GM Encourages High School Scientists,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 8, 1974.

“It’s a New driving thrill in the 1950 Nash Ambassador,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 18, 1950.

“It’s Official: Car Sales Worst Since ’83,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 7, 1992,

“ITS Announces Intent to Buy R.L. Polk,” www.automotive-fleet.com.

“Jackshaw Chevrolet Inc. Brand New Never Titled! Never Driven,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 11, 1970.

“Jeep Sales Power AMC to Quarter Profit,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 19, 1978.

Jensen, Cheryl Zibert, “Automakers Hope Online Sales Will Ease Car-Buying,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 7, 1997.

Jensen, Christopher, “100 Years Old and a Roll Cleveland Auto Show Began with 75 Vehicles and Now has 900,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February27, 2003.

Jensen, Christopher, “Car Dealers Lose Service Work after Warranty, Survey Shows,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 8, 2002.

Jensen, Christopher, “Carmax Heralds ‘Revolution’ for Dealerships,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 16, 1996.

Jensen, Christopher, “Chrysler Offers to Buy Ailing AMC,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 10, 1987.

Jensen, Christopher, “Creating a New Way to Buy Cars Used-Car Superstores Will Force Dealers to Change their Ways,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 24, 1996.

Jensen, Christopher, “Dealers need comparison,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 11, 1988.

Jensen, Christopher, “GM Betting On Brakes Instead of Air Bags,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 22, 1991.

Jensen, Christopher, “GM Shoots for Stars with Saturn Network,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 15, 1990.

Jensen, Christopher, “How cars are sold adds much to the price,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 9, 1985.

Jensen, Christopher, “Mercury’s Identity Crisis automaker Aiming for an Image That’s Recognizable, Exec Says,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 26, 1995.

Jensen, Christopher, “New Ohio Honda plant to export 70,000 cars,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 12, 1990.

Jensen, Christopher, “Quest/Villager Seen As ‘New Generation’ of Minivans,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 12, 1992.

Jensen, Christopher, “Redesigned ’86 Toronado is a sleeker, thinner Olds,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 25, 1985.

Jensen, Christopher, “Solving dealer disputes Autocap panel’s rulings satisfy many frustrated buyers,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 13, 2002.

“John Lance Ford Unveils New Drive-In Service Center,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 26, 1993.

“July Car Sales Slump to Lowest Level in 20 Years,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 5, 1981.

“Just a Real Good Car, Durant,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 4, 1923.

Kaiser-Frazier Owner’s Club International,” http://www.kfclub.com.

Kaufman, Alma, “David L. Blaushild, sold Chevies in Shaker, fought pollution,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 21, 1979.

Kessler, Frederich, “Automobile Dealer Franchises, Vertical Integrtion by Contract,”(1957) Faculty Scholrship Series, Paper 2727, http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/fss_papers/2727. 1136.

Kingsbury, Fred E., “Automobile Manufacturers and Dealers of Nation are Studying Service Problems,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 8, 1922.

Kissel, George A., “Candor Best Policy For Salesmen, Expert Claims,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 6, 1918.

“Kissel Kar, The Best Buy at The Show,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 6, 1910.

“Known for the Best Deals in Town, Friedman Buick 4.8% Financing Available on Select Models,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 3, 1990.

Kramer, Vance, “Auto Industry Wins Pat on Back for Traffic Toll Drop,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 25, 1949.

Last Chance Offer Ends Aug. 20th Brand New Le Baron GT’s” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 17, 1985.

“Last Day Today ‘Til 9 P.M. Free At Spitzer Buick,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 25, 1980.

“Leading Centers of the Industry, A Microcosmic History of the Carriage Industry of the United States A Few Leading Carriage Centers,” Hub, (October 1897) 420-430),
http://carriagenuseumlibrary.org.

“Let a Buick Dealer Conserve Your Car!” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 15, 1942.

Lienert, Anita, “As Car Prices Climb, So Does Leasing,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 22, 1996.

“Lifetime Guarantee,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 27, 1952.

Linge, Harry G., “Cleveland’s Newest Auto ‘First’ Will End Confusion Over Prices,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 27, 1958.

Linge, Harry G., “Dealerships Match Ford Productivity,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 3, 1965.

Linge, Harry G., “Diagnostic Centers Popping Up All Over,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 19, 1966.

Linge, Harry G., “Disagreement Gave Birth to Chryslers,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 5, 1964.

Linge, Harry G., “Hits at Old-Fashioned Inventory Practices,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 25, 1960.

Linge, Harry G., “Quality Audit Plan Is Important Step,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 17, 1957.

Linge, Harry G., “Road Safety is Matter of Educated Hands,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 15, 1966.

“Lou Meliska Pontiac,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 28, 1950.

“Low Monthly Payments!” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 7, 1986.

Lubinger, Bill, “What’s the Deal? Dealers Try to Keep Up as Lots Empty,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 17, 2005

“Main Service and Repair Company,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 6, 1924.

“Makes Your Car Look Like New,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 13, 1949

“Markad, Inc. Cleveland’s Largest Ford Dealer Announces 13th Anniversary Sale,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 16, 1936.

“Marketing Cars How Successful Car Manufacturers Market their Vehicles to You,” http://www.marketing-schools.org.

“Marshall Ford puts an end to the new car ‘hassle-haggle’” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 12, 1979.

“Maternity Fair,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 13, 1983.

“Mayfield Auto Row Save More Cleveland’s Top 5 Dealers,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 6, 1971.

“Meet 2 Good Americans,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 23, 1943.

“Meiselgate Lincoln, Mercury, Comet Lark,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 22, 1960.

“Michael’s Oldsmobile Co.,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 8, 1955.

“Moline,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 7, 1911.

Montgomery, Christopher, “Automaker Benefiting,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer July 2, 2005.

NADA Auto Retailing Why the Franchise System Works Best,” www.nada.org/GetTheFacts.com.

“NADA Data 2015,” https://www.nada.org.

“NADA Labels Exaggerated Ad Claims as Misleading,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 9, 1959.

“New 1942 Hudson built to Serve Better, Last Longer, Cost Less to Run,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 30, 1941.

“New De Soto Steals the N.Y. Show,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 7, 1932.

“New Salesroom of Jordan-Ohio, Where Exhibit Opens Tomorrow,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 23, 1917.

“Now Celebrating Ford Sales Leadership,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 3, 1960.

“Now if a Ford, Mercury or Lincoln Owner Needs Help When He’s On the Road, He Can Call for It.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 27, 1973.

“Now That You Can See Them All Match Packard 120 against the Field,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 24, 1935.

“Now-Another Plymouth ‘First’ Super-Cushion Tires on New, Wider Safety-Rim Wheels,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 1, 1948.

“Olds Buyers See These Cars of Distinction, La Riche Oldsmobile Inc.” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 2, 1955.

“Once in a Decade, The Dodge Dealers of Greater Cleveland,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 11, 1959.

Pagan, Walter E. “Cleveland, Some Features of the Industry and Commerce of the City and A Collection of Pictures of Leading Business Institutions,” Cleveland Board of Trade. Annual Report, (Cleveland: Leader Printing Co., 1917), 34)

Pederson, Terry, “Enlightened Firms here Hiring first Offenders, Welfare Clients,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer October 28 1973.

“Peerless Closes Big Sales Month,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 9, 1922.

“Peerless,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 21, 1923.

Pelfrey, William, Billy, Alfred, and General Motors. New York: American Management Association, 2008.

“Post-Contest Lull Blamed for Automobile Sales Slump,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 14, 1977.

“Qua Lease Business Doubles in Two Years,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 2, 1969.

“Quality and Long Life Aim of Auto Industry,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 17, 1960.

“Quality Cars Buy with Confidence,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 11, 1930.

“Quiz for Mechanics,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 13, 1941.

“R & L Electrics, Safety and Convenience,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 28, 1908.

Ransom, Kevin, “How Car Dealers Are Run,” https://www.autoblog.com.

“Rebates Doubled to Sponsors of Driver Training,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 8, 1961.

“Reply to Blaushild, City Says Pollution Is State’s Problem,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 25, 1965.

Sabath, Don, “Leasing Involved Fourth of Car Sales,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 11, 1987.

Sabath, Don, “Shortages won’t delay emission testing,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 8, 1987.

Sabath, Don, The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 2, 1987

Sabath, Donald, “Car Buyers Might Own Shares in Dealerships, The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 9, 1997.

Sabath, Donald, “Chrysler Offers Cash Incentives on New Minivans,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 17, 1992.

Sabath, Donald, “Dealers Say Lower Rates No Help to Auto Sales,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 5, 1991.

Sabath, Donald, “Dealers Say Lower Rates No Help to Auto Sales,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 5, 1991.

Sabath, Donald, “Economical, full-size wagon still available, GM says,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 8, 1982.

Sabath, Donald, “Ford tests lifetime guarantee on parts,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, August 28, 1981.

Sabath, Donald “GM Plan to Boost Minority Dealerships Lauded,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 12, 1990.

Sabath, Donald, “Mr. Goodwrench Expanding Service to Muffler Business,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 10, 1993.

Sabath, Donald, “No-Haggle Buying Cuts Out Bargaining At Auto Dealership,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 29, 1992.

Sabath, Donald, “One-Price Shopping Appeals to Car Buyers,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 18, 1992.

Sabath, Donald, “One-Price Shopping Appeals to Car Buyers,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 18, 1992.

Sabath, Donald, “Program Cars Proving To Be Big Hits For Some Dealers,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 9, 1992.

Sabath, Donald, “Rush for New Cars Cools Off as Incentives End,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 9, 1986.

Sabath, Donald, “Sales Picture Is Brightening For Local Auto Dealers,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 20, 1992.

Sabath, Donald, “Small Cars May Send Industries Big Shocks,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 28, 1978.

Sabath, Donald, “The Yearlong Wait for Auto Aficionados Is Over,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 24, 1993.

Sabath, Donald, “They’re taking the high road,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 10, 1979.

“Sale,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 22, 1925.

Santana, Rosa Marie, “Auto dealer files plans to build in Strongsville,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 26, 2002.

“Saturn Plans Net Network for Dealers, Customers,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 23, 2000.

“Saturns Are Selling Well Locally, Even Without Dealer Incentives,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, November 27, 1991.

Schoenberger, Robert and Frank Bentayou, “GM stays in the county while Chrysler bails out Closings of dealerships show carmakers’ different strategies,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 5, 2009.

Schoenberger, Robert, “Charting Cruze’s Swift Fall from Top,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 10, 2019.

Schoenberger, Robert, “Chrysler Cutting 14 NE Ohio Dealers Spitzer, Ganley lose the Most Stores,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 15, 2009.

Schoenberger, Robert, “Dealers Hope Arbitration Gets Franchises Back Spitzer, Ganley, Marhofer Join Others,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 26, 2010.

Schoenberger, Robert, “Feds to Lend $17.4 Billion to GM, Chrysler Move to Save Detroit also Means Sacrifice,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 20, 2008.

Schoenberger, Robert, “Ford to End its Mercury brand; Dealers Hope for Lincoln Boost,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, June 3, 2010.

Schoenberger, Robert, “Ganley Ford Deal Aims to Ease Buyer’s Fears,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 25, 2009.

Schoenberger, Robert, “GM Breaks the News to Dealers it is Cutting Bigelow in Parma, in Business 98 years, Vows to Put Up a Fight,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 16, 2009.

Schoenberger, Robert, “GM Makes bid to Test Selling New Cars on eBay Auctions,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 11, 2009.

Schoenberger, Robert, “How Dealer Cuts Affect You Experts Discuss Impact of Chrysler, GM Showroom Closures,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, May 20, 2009.

Schoenberger, Robert, “Low-interest loans spur car dealers’ optimism They hope for boost in December sales,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 31, 2008.

Schoenberger, Robert, “NE Ohio auto sales going gangbusters Economists not exactly sure why: theories include jobs, brand loyalty,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 13, 2011.

Schoenberger, Robert, “Selling Confidence U.S. Automakers Enhance Warranties to Lure Buyers,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, September 16, 2007.

Schoenberger, Robert, “Sick Sales Troubled Economy Gives Auto Dealers September Headaches,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, October 2, 2008.

Schoenberger, Robert, “Used-car market gleams again Recession, low gas prices make older cars attractive,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, April 5, 2009. “See These Mid-Week Specials at our Reduced Price Sale of Used Cars,” The Cleveland Plain Dealer, March 12, 1930.

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