Chapter 7.0: Theory Integration, Transtheoretical Model, and Risk/Protective Factors in Substance Misuse

In previous chapters we dissected the bio-psycho-social-spiritual framework into biological, psychological, social context/physical environment, and spiritual theories and models related to substance use, substance misuse, and substance use disorders. Here, we consider how the different theories, models, and evidence might be reassembled into a more integrated whole. This effort is important because no one theory or model is sufficient to inform interventions across the board; we need to view them in concert rather than in conflict with one another if we are to build impactful strategies. One emphasis in this chapter relates to prevention strategies and how theory can inform these kinds of efforts.

After engaging with these reading materials and learning resources, you should be able to:

• Identify key vulnerability, risk, resilience, and protective factors related to substance misuse and substance use disorders and how they apply in an integrated model;
• Explain the continuum of care model and how it relates to prevention strategies;
• Describe a set of evidence-informed prevention intervention strategies;
• Explain theory integration and key principles in the transtheoretical model (TTM) of behavior change;
• Define key terms related to preventing and intervening around substance use, misuse, and use disorders.