Chapter 15 – A Focus on Mayors & Councils

Cities are complex organizations, and their leaders have to balance competing priorities every day. At the center of city government are the mayor and city council—the elected officials who make decisions that directly shape how a community functions. From setting budgets and passing local laws to addressing residents’ concerns, these officials are often the most visible and accessible part of government.

In this chapter, we’ll look closely at the roles of mayors and councils and how they work together to govern a city. You’ll learn what mayors actually do, how their responsibilities vary depending on the form of government, and why their leadership still matters in modern America. We’ll also explore the structure and purpose of city councils, how council districts are organized, and what happens during a typical council meeting.

Along the way, we’ll highlight key figures such as former Cleveland Mayor Carl Stokes, the first Black mayor of a major U.S. city, and Levin alumni who have served as mayors and senior city officials.

By the end of this chapter, you should have a clearer sense of how city governments operate, how power is shared and negotiated between the mayor and council, and how you can engage with these institutions as an informed citizen or future public servant.