Chapter 6 – The Legislative Branch
Introduction to the Ohio Legislature
The Ohio state legislature, also known as the General Assembly, wields significant power through its control of the state budget, often referred to as the “power of the purse.” This power is crucial as it allows the legislature to set funding priorities that directly affect many areas of life, including education, healthcare, and infrastructure. Every two years, the General Assembly spends six months developing the operating budget, which covers day-to-day expenses, and in the off year, it sets the capital budget, which funds long-term investments like infrastructure projects. This budgeting process gives the General Assembly substantial influence over state programs and agencies, balancing the power between the legislative and executive branches.
Comprised of the Senate and the House of Representatives, the General Assembly is responsible for making, changing, and removing state laws. Legislators propose new laws, debate their merits, and vote on them. These laws can impact various aspects of life, from school funding and healthcare policies to transportation and public safety.
In addition to lawmaking, the state legislature oversees the executive branch to ensure laws are enforced correctly and fairly. This legislative oversight is part of our system of checks and balances, preventing any one branch of government from becoming too powerful. Through committees and public meetings, the legislature fosters diverse opinions and supports the democratic process at the state level.
Understanding how the Ohio legislature works is important for your future civic engagement. By knowing the roles and responsibilities of your state senators and representatives, you can better participate in the democratic process. This knowledge will help you advocate for issues that matter to you, engage with lawmakers, and contribute to the creation of laws that benefit your community. Whether you plan to vote, attend public meetings, or even consider a career in public service, understanding the legislative process will help you make informed decisions and be an active, informed citizen.
Foundational Facts
The Ohio Constitution grants the General Assembly significant power over state finances, a responsibility often called the “power of the purse.” Article II, Section 22 of the Ohio Constitution requires that all appropriations of money be made by law. This gives the legislature control over the state budget. This power allows the General Assembly to determine funding priorities that impact essential areas like education, healthcare, and infrastructure.
